Orchid Wanda ndi mbewu ya epiphytic wobadwira ku South Asia. Amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mizu yamphamvu komanso maluwa akulu owala. Wanda ndi mtundu wachikale ndipo ndi wa banja la Orchid. Chomera ndichabwino kuswana kunyumba.
Kufotokozera kwa Wanda
Orchid Wanda - mtundu wapadera. Amakula mpaka 2 m, masamba obiriwira amdima ali moyang'anizana ndipo amatha kufikira masentimita 90. Ziphuphu zazitali zimabweretsa masamba 15. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapezeka, kuphatikizapo lalanje, buluu, yoyera ndi ena. Maluwa amafika masentimita 5 mpaka 12. Mizu yayitali imakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Amamasuka kawiri pachaka ndi chisamaliro choyenera. Palibe nthawi yopumula.
Mitundu Yotchuka ya Wanda Orchid
Orchid Wanda ali ndi mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imadziwika ndi kukula kwake ndi mtundu wa maluwa.
| Gulu | Kufotokozera | Duwa | Masamba |
| Buluu | Khola lolunjika 1 mita. Peduncle - 80 cm. | 7-12 zofiirira. M'mimba mwake - masentimita 10. Mlomo ndi wocheperako, pafupifupi wosagwira. Fungo lokoma. | Oval, okwera, okonzedwa pang'ono. |
| Tricolor | Imatha kufikira 1.5 m. | Kukula 7 masentimita, mpaka 10 maluwa okongola. Mawonekedwe amadzi. Mitumba yoyera yokhala ndi mawanga ofiira, milomo yapinki. | Zoyipa, pafupifupi 40 cm. |
| Sander | 60-120 cm kutalika. Zotsatira zimafikira 50 cm. | 5-10 zidutswa, chikasu, pinki kapena zoyera. Mitundu yamtundu wa motley wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi milomo iwiri ya monophonic. | Bifurcate chakumapeto. |
| Chess | 70-100 cm. | Maluwa akuluakulu 12, mtundu nthawi zambiri umakhala wamtengo wapatali kapena wofiirira. Milomo ndi yofiirira. Fungo lokoma. | Greenish, kubisirani thunthu lalitali. |
| Grumpy | 150-200 cm. | 5-6 pinki masamba 12 cm. Pamilomo yofiirira pali malo ambiri ofiira, pansi pamakhala burgundy hue. | Cylindrical, ili m'mphepete mwa tsinde. |
| Norbert Alfonso | 80-90 masentimita. | 10-15 yayikulu, pamakhala penti. Lip burgundy, wokutidwa ndi mtundu wa chubu. | Zowongoka. |
| Javier | 35-50 masentimita. Tsinde ndilotsika. | Maluwa khumi ndi awiri. Milomo ndi miyala ya pamakhala yoyera chipale chofewa, yomwe ndi ya Wanda. | Mizere yofiyira yamasamba obiriwira ozungulira m'mphepete. |
| Rothschild | 80-100 cm. Imayenda mpaka 60 cm. | Zidutswa 15-18, ngale zofiirira za Grey zokhala ndi milomo yayifupi. Pawiri - 6 cm. | Zovuta, malangizowa ndi achilendo, ngati a Sander. |
Njira za Kukula kwa Wanda
Popeza maonekedwe a mizu ndi momwe duwa la Vanda limapangidwira, pali njira zitatu momwe duwa limamasulira.
Mphika
Mudzafunika pulasitiki kapena chidebe chachikulu. Dongosolo la mizu siliyenera kukhala lodzaza.
Pansi pamphika, mabowo angapo ayenera kupangidwa kuti amalola kuti mpweya uzungulira. Dothi liyenera kukhala ndi pine bark, polystyrene, peat ndi makala. Gawo loterolo limagulitsidwa m'masitolo, koma amathanso kukonzekera kunyumba.
Mbale yamaluwa
Muzu wokha ndi womwe ungakhale mu vase, chifukwa kumtunda kwa duwa kumafunikira kuwala kosalekeza. Kuthirira orchid, muyenera kudzaza chotengera m'makoma mpaka mizu itamizidwa kwathunthu m'madzi. Pambuyo mphindi 30, kukhetsa madzi. Dothi pankhaniyi silofunikira. Chifukwa chake, Wanda organic amayenera kulowa mkati.
Mabasiketi opendekera
Palinso mabasiketi opachikika amtundu wa orchid. Mwa iwo, chomeracho chimapezeka kuti mizu yonse ndi yaulere, ndiko kuti, kunja kwa chidebe. Njira yake ndiyotchuka chifukwa chothirira chomera: muyenera kuthira duwa kwathunthu pafupifupi kawiri pa sabata. M'chilimwe muyenera kuchita izi tsiku lililonse.
Wanda orchid kusamalira kunyumba
Kuti maluwa a Vanda akule bwino komanso kusangalala ndi maluwa owala, ayenera kusamalidwa bwino.
| Parameti | Zochitika |
| Kuwala | Imafunikira kuwala kowala, koma osayika mbutoyo dzuwa. Ngati dzuwa lowonjezera likukhudza duwa, limakutidwa ndi nsalu ya tulle. M'nyengo yozizira, phytolamp imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira kowonjezera. |
| Malo | Amayikidwa kumbali yakumwera kapena kumwera chakumadzulo (komwe kumakhala kuwala kwambiri). |
| Kutentha | Mu nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe: + 19 ... +28 ° С. Kugwa kwa dzinja: + 16 ... +21 ° С. Pa chomera chotsika chimafa. Orchid amatha kukhalabe wamphamvu mpaka +35 ° C ndi chinyezi chokhazikika. |
| Chinyezi | Zabwino kwambiri: 60-80%. Ndi kukula kwa kutentha kozungulira, onjezani. |
| Dothi | Dothi losakanikirana ndi dothi lakonzedwa kuphatikiza peat, humus, sphagnum moss ndi mchenga mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 1: 1: 0.5. Nthaka yapamwamba imakonkhedwa ndi makungwa oswedwa, makala kapena makala a polystyrene. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Feteleza kwa ma orchid. Konzani yankho ndikuchulukitsa kwa theka lochepera kuposa mlingo woyenera. Kamodzi pamwezi, umadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wosungunuka wazomera zam'mimba mu mlingo wochepetsedwa mu 2. |
| Thirani | Palibe chifukwa. Imasinthika kwakanthawi ndipo imatha kufa. Koma ndizovomerezeka ndikutayika kwa gawo lapansi (zaka 4 zilizonse), matenda kapena kusowa kwa malo mumphika. Wogulitsa kumayambiriro kasupe. |
| Kuthirira | Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, nthawi yogwira ntchito maluwa, khalani ndi chinyezi mosadukiza. M'nyengo yozizira, monga gawo lapansi lisa. |
| Kudulira | Palibe chifukwa. Tizilombo tikawoneka, dulani mosamala mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa. Pambuyo maluwa, duwa louma limadulidwa. |
Zida zakuthirira
Orchid Wanda ndi wofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa chomeracho chimathiriridwa m'mawa kwambiri. Pali njira zingapo zakusungunulira maluwa.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikusamba kosamba. Orchidayo amaikidwa mumtsuko waukulu (bafa kapena beseni) ndikuthiriridwa ndi sopo pogwiritsa ntchito madzi + 28 ... +35 ° C. Mizu yake ikakhala yobiriwira, mbewuyo imasamutsidwira ku chidebe china kwa theka la ola, kuti madzi onse galasi. Asanabwezeretsenso malalawo mumphika, masamba amapukutidwa ndi chigamba kuti ichotse chinyezi chambiri.
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Njira ina ndiyo kumiza. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha ngati maluwa athanzi. Chidebe chokhala ndi orchid chimamizidwa kwathunthu m'madzi ndikusungidwa pamenepo kwa masekondi 30 mpaka 40. Kenako mphindi 20 mpaka 40 zikudikirira madzi agalasi. Mwanjira imeneyi, madzi osaposa nthawi 1 m'masiku atatu.
Akanyowa, mizu ya Wanda imayikidwa m'madzi kwa mphindi 30-160. Chifukwa chake, orchid amamwa, pambuyo pake safunikira kuthirira kwa masiku ena anayi. Citric acid imawazidwanso mumadzi kuti uchotse ma carbonates oyipa.
Kutsirira kumatha kukhala khalidwe lothirira mumphika. Madzi amathiridwa m'mphepete mwa chidebe mpaka gawo lonselo limadzaza ndi madzi owonjezera amawonekera poto. Pambuyo pake, sinthani pallet kuti idutse kale ndi kupukuta masamba a duwa.
Kuthirira kungathe kulowa m'malo mwa kupopera mbewu kuchokera mu botolo lothira, makamaka ngati maluwawa atakulidwa mu basket. Mbewuyi imakhala yothinitsidwa bwino, kuphatikiza maluwa ndi mizu. Makamaka njirayi ndiyabwino nyengo yotentha, pomwe chinyezi cha mpweya chimakhala chochepa.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa ndi maluwa okongola a maluwa a maluwa a maluwa a maluwa okongola
Ku Vanda, maluwa okongola owoneka bwino amatulutsa osachepera 5. Kuti izi zitheke, muyenera kupatsana chisamaliro moyenerera.
| Parameti | Mkhalidwe |
| Malo | Ndikwabwino kuti tisinthe, maluwawa alibe nthawi yoti azolowere masamba atsopano. |
| Mphika | Mizu ya orchid iyenera kukhala yowala, motero ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe chowonekera. |
| Kuwala | Zisowa zowala komanso zochulukirapo. Ngati palibe kuwala kosakwanira (makamaka nyengo yozizira), muyenera kuyatsa phytolamp. |
| Kutentha | Osapitirira +22 ° C. Pafupifupi: + 18 ... +22 ° С. Ma swings ndi abwino kutulutsa maluwa. Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsanso maluwa tsiku lililonse. |
| Dothi | Gawo laling'onoli liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi, apo ayi ma orchid sangakhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira maluwa. Ndikwabwino kumuika m'nthaka yatsopano mu April. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Fosphorous feteleza ndi wabwino polimbikitsa kuphukira kwa masamba. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu, ndikuwonjezera feteleza potengera dothi mwachindunji. |
Zolemba pambuyo pa maluwa
Maluwa atatha, duwa louma limachotsedwa ndi chida chophera tizilombo. Malo odulidwa amathandizidwa ndi makala, sera kapena sinamoni. Pambuyo maluwa, kuthirira kumatha kuchepetsedwa, ndipo kuvala kwapamwamba wa potaziyamu kuyenera kuthetsedweratu. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, maluwa otsatira adzakhala m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Njira zobereketsa ma Wanda
Nthawi zambiri, orchid wa Vanda amafalitsidwa kunyumba ndi ana, ndiye kuti. Amawoneka pazomera zokhwima. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti panthawi yolekanitsa ana amakhala ndi mizu yawo, ndipo kukula kwake amafikira zoposa 5 cm.
- Mwanayo amalekanitsidwa kuchokera ku maluwa okongola ndi mpeni wachilombo.
- Chidacho chimathandizidwa ndi khala.
- Njira zake zimayikidwa muzombo zazing'ono zodzazidwa ndi gawo lokonzekera kale.
- Mbande zimamwetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata kwa mwezi.
- Orchid akayamba kukulira, mkhalidwe wobiriwira umapangidwira mphukira, pomwe chinyezi sichiyenera kugwa pansi pa 80%.
Pali njira inanso, kugwiritsa ntchito mphukira zapamwamba.
- Pa tsinde, mphukira zam'mbali zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mizu yozungulira yodulidwa.
- Gawo lapadera limakonzedwa kuchokera kuzidutswa za moss, fern, bark ndi makala.
- Magawo amakutidwa ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono ka njuchi.
- Masiku atatu oyambirira amathiridwa mosamala ndi mphukira yomwe idayikidwa m'nthaka yokonzedwa.
- Ndiye kuthirira kumachepetsedwa mpaka 1 pa sabata.
- Mbewu zikakula mpaka 15 cm, Vanda amazidulira kuti zisale.
Zolakwika Mukakula A Wanda Orchid
| Kuwonetsera | Chifukwa | Kuthetsa |
| Kodi sikuti pachimake. | Kupanda kuwala, kutentha kosayenera. | Ventilate pafupipafupi, onetsetsani kuti akutsikira kutentha kwatsiku ndi tsiku, kupatula feteleza wa nayitrogeni. |
| Phula limawonongeka. | Chinyezi chochepa, kusowa kwa kuthirira, tizirombo. | Ikani kapu yamadzi pafupi ndi orchid, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kupopera. Onani njira zopewera tizilombo. |
| Masamba akuponya. | Zosagonana mosagonjetseka, kachilomboka ndi tizilombo, nthaka youma, kusamutsidwanso. | Madzi pafupipafupi, onetsetsani kuti mbewuyo siuma. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizirombo toyambitsa matenda kuteteza tizirombo, kubwezeretsanso nyengo ya maluwa. |
| Masamba amasanduka achikasu ndi owuma. | Kuperewera kwa michere, kukhudzana ndi cheza champhamvu, mpweya wowuma komanso wotentha. | Madzi kamodzi masiku awiri mpaka masamba abwezeretse. Pindulani orchid ndi nsalu kapena pepala. |
| Mawonekedwe owoneka bwino pamasamba. | Zomera zimatentha, chifukwa chocheza nthawi yayitali ndi dzuwa. | Chotsani chomeracho ndikuwala ndi kuphimba ndi gauze. Komanso utsi masamba onse pakatha masiku atatu. |
| Mizu yake imavunda. | Nthaka yovuta kwambiri, kuthirira pafupipafupi, matenda oyamba ndi fungus. | Sinthani gawo lapansi ndi kufufuza zinthu ndi khungwa. Ndikwabwino kuchitira orchid kuchokera ku fungus ndi mankhwala apadera - Physan. Madzi miyezi iwiri yotsatira osaposa nthawi imodzi pa sabata. |
| Masamba amazilala. | Chinyezi chochepa komanso mpweya wozizira, tizirombo. | Onjezani chinyezi ku 70%, mubwezeretsenso kutentha kwa nthawi zonse (+ 19 ... +28 ° С). |
Tizilombo, matenda a vanda ndi njira zochitira nawo
| Kuwonetsera | Chifukwa | Njira yothetsera |
| Zizindikiro zakuda zonse zimawonekera pamasamba kutalika konse. | Kukonda kwachinyengo. | Chitani madwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo. Chepetsani kuthirira kwa kuthirira mpaka nthawi 1 pa sabata, kukhalabe kutentha kwa + 23 ... +25 ° C. Phimbani ndi nsalu, pewani kuwala kowala. |
| Njira yamahatchi amayenda, imakhala yakuda ndikufa. Tsinde ndi masamba owuma. | Bakiteriya zowola. | Chotsani madera omwe ali ndi kachilombo, vindikirani zigawo ndi phytosporin. Sinthani dothi ndikuthira manyowa. Maantibiotic (tetracycline) amathandizanso malinga ndi gawo limodzi la gramu imodzi pa lita. |
| Madontho akuda amatuluka kunja kwa tsamba; tsinde limakutidwa ndi mizere ya bulauni. | Matenda a ma virus. | Ndikosatheka kuchiritsa kwathunthu. Muyenera kuchotsa chomera chopatsiridwacho kuti chisafalitse matenda. |
| Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timabzala m'mbali zonse za maluwa. Zimayambira ndipo masamba afota, mbewuyo imafa. | Ma nsabwe. | Onjezerani chinyezi mlengalenga, thirani duwa ndi madzi a sokosi kapena kulowetsedwa kwa mandimu. Kukonzekera kwamatumbo kwapadera (Intavir, Actofit) ndizoyenera kwambiri pakuwongolera tizilombo. |
| Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono pam masamba, peduncle, masamba ndi zimayambira. Chikwangwani choyera ndi ma sera Wanda ikutha. | Mealybug. | Chotsani zophuka, zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mbeu. Mankhwalawa ndi njira yothetsera mowa, chotsani majeremusi. Actara, Mospilan, Actellik, Calypso ndi abwino kumenya nkhondo. |
| Zofiyira zazing'ono zimawonekera pamasamba ndi tsinde. Mawonekedwe achikasu, mphukira zimatha. | Chotchinga. | Njira yothetsera sopo ndi mowa, tincture wa ferns ndi mankhwala monga Permethrin, Bi 58, Phosphamide, Methyl mercaptophos athandizira kuchotsa tizilombo. |
