Muskari (Armeni Viper) ndi duwa wochokera kubanja la Asparagus (wakale kakombo). Amawatcha anyezi wa njoka, hyacinth ya mphesa. Imachitika pafupi ndi zitsamba, kumapeto, m'mbali mwa nkhalango, m'malo otsetsereka a mapiri. Dera Logawa: Caucasus, Crimea, Europe, West Asia, ndi Mediterranean. Chimabzalidwa ngati duwa lokongoletsera, chomwe chimamera pamtunda, m'mapiri a kumapiri, m'malire. Fotokozerani mbewuyi ndi ephemerophytes, omwe ali ndi nthawi yayifupi yakukula.
Kufotokozera kwa Muscari
Ili ndi duwa losatha ndi ceriindrical, oblong kapena barrel woboola pakati. Maluwa mu Epulo - Meyi - masiku 20. Maluwa okhala ndi miyala isanu ndi umodzi yokokedwa mu burashi, womwe umakhala pachikunda chachikulu, buluu, choyera, buluu, azure, buluu wamaluwa. Amanunkhira bwino. Mizu, masamba owongoka okhala ndi malo ofikira malo mpaka masentimita 17. Mababu osakhazikika okhala ndi masikelo opepuka, 20mm mulifupi, 15-25 cm.
Mitundu, mitundu ya muscari
Mitundu 60 yotchuka kwambiri:
Armenieni (Colchis) - wokhala ndi mafuta onunkhira amitundu iwiri pamlingo wozungulira wa inflorescence. Pamwamba ali amtambo wakuda ndi ulusi woyera, pansi pake ndi opepuka. Masamba amakhala amtundu, wothinitsidwa, amatulutsa kumapeto kwa Meyi kwa masiku 20. Amamera ku Caucasus, komwe amapezeka ku Turkey. Osasamala kwambiri yozizira-yolimba kalasi.
Mitundu yake:
- Terry Blue Spike - inflorescence ya cornflower mu mawonekedwe a gulu ili ndi maluwa osachepera 180. Limamasula patatha masabata awiri kuposa ena onse, silimabala zipatso. Amakondwera ndi mawonekedwe ake kwa milungu itatu, atakula m'minda, amapanga maluwa.
- Ngale ya Khrisimasi - Maluwa ofiirira akuda okhala ndi fungo lonunkhira bwino.
- Kulenga Kwodabwitsa - kosintha mitundu posintha zobiriwira mpaka zamtambo.
- Venus ndi mitundu yatsopano, yotanthauziridwa ngati Venus, imakhala ndi maluwa oyera okhala ndi tint yofiirira.
- Mawonekedwe a bingu - buluu, buluu-violet, maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera. Ili ndi mitundu iwiri: Album - yofanana ndi ngale, Corneum - ngati mtambo wapinki. Amamera ku Central, Southern Europe.
- Broadleaf - masamba ndi ofanana ndi tulip lonse kuposa ena onse. Ma inflorescence ndi ma cylindrical, amdima amdima. Ma peduniking angapo amawonekera kuchokera ku babu imodzi. Imapezeka ku Asia Minor.
- Phale - maluwa otsika a buluu ochepa, ofanana ndi belu. Amamera m'matanthwe aku Caucasian. Kuchokera kwa iye kunachokera White Rose (pinki) wotchuka.
- Crested - yodziwika ndi maluwa owala a violet omwe amatengedwa mumng'alu, kutalika kwa mbewu mpaka masentimita 70. Wodziwika bwino pamtunduwu ndi Pluzum, amakula ku Europe ndi North Africa.
- Tubergen (Osh) - masamba owoneka ngati chikwakwa, maluwa odzaza, okhazikika m'mphepete mpaka 18 cm, masamba oyera pamwamba. Imapezeka ku Iran.
- Zalikulu - maluwa abuluu, achikaso, bulauni ndi okulirapo kuposa mitundu ina. Kwawo - Greece, Western Turkey.
- Neglectum (osatetezedwa) - pamakhala miyala yofiirira yokhala ndi malire oyera pamunsi ndi thambo lamtambo pamwamba.
- Belozevny - inflorescence wa mtundu wa ultramarine (umaphatikizapo zidutswa makumi anayi zamaluwa), ma petals amakumbidwa ndi zovala zoyera. Kuchokera ku dera la Black Sea, Iran.
Kubzala muscari poyera
Zimakhala pakusankha malo, kukonza nthaka ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Chomera chimakonda madera obisalirako, koma chimamera pamithunzi, sichimaphimbidwa nthawi yachisanu. Maluwa samatengera dothi, amafunika dothi lopepuka kapena lapakatikati, lokhala acidic pang'ono, ndipo maluwa okongola kwambiri amakula pamwamba pake.
Wobzalidwa nthawi yophukira (Seputembara - Okutobala), chomeracho chimazika mizu musanayambe maluwa. Musanabzale, onani babu iliyonse, chotsani chowola, chowonongeka. Amathandizidwa ndi Fitosporin (kapena yankho la 2% malathion, kenako manganese). Amayikidwa pakadutsa pafupifupi 8 cm, 3 cm pang'ono, pakati pa 5 mpaka 10 cm.Poyamba, amakumba pansi, ndikuthirira madzi ambiri, kuthira mchenga m'maenje.
Ngati zinali zosatheka kubzala maluwa m'dambo, chitani izi m'malimwe. Chisanu chikasungunuka, mababu omwe adagulidwa amawlekanitsa ndikubzala chimodzimodzi. Limaphuka chaka chamawa.
Zambiri za chisamaliro cha muscari poyera
Viper anyezi amafunika dothi lonyowa, ngati palibe mpweya, madzi m'mawa. Sanabzalidwe pamalo potseguka pomwe dzuwa lowala, pamenepa, limalekedwa ndi oyandikana nawo. Manyowa ndi humus mchaka (1 makilogalamu pamafunika 5 makilogalamu), ngakhale zikamera, masamba amapangidwa. Akakula pa udzu, samadula mpaka masamba a maluwa atha.
Maluwa ndi kufalikira
Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yamaluwa, nthawi yamaluwa, amasintha ndikudula dothi. Kutalika kwake ndi milungu 3-4. Kuika ndikofunikira kamodzi pazaka 3-5 kapena ngati maluwa ataya mawonekedwe.
Pambuyo maluwa
Pamene mbewa za hyacinth zimatha, ma peduncle amachotsedwa, ndipo zosakaniza zamadzimadzi zomwe zimakhala ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous zimadyetsedwa pansi pamizu. M'dzinja, pafupifupi osamwetsa madzi. M'nyengo yozizira amagwiritsa ntchito peat ngati mulch.
Kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu, kusungidwa kwa mababu a Muscari
Pofika nthawi yozizira, mababu nthawi zambiri samakumba, amangopanga humus, mabatani amatemedwa, masamba samadulidwa.
Ngati mababu akufunika kukumba, kokha masamba atawuma ndikusungidwa pansi pazinthu zina:
- Zouma.
- Choikidwa m'manda kapena mchenga.
- Onaninso pafupipafupi ndikuyeretsa zowola.
- Sungani ku +17 ° C ndi chinyezi 70%.
Kubalana kwa Muscari
Muscari amakulitsidwa ndi mababu (pafupifupi zidutswa 30 zimapangidwa mwa ana) - amasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndi amayiwo ndi nthaka, ndikuwabzala mwanjira zonse. Maluwa amayamba mchaka chachiwiri.
Mbewu (izi zimachitidwa ndi obereketsa) - iwo amatola mbewu m'munsi mwa mphukira, kubzala m'dzinja, mababu amapangidwa mu April. Maluwa azikhala itatha zaka zitatu. Mitundu ina ndi yosabala, singathe kufalitsidwa motere.
Matenda a Muscari ndi Tizilombo
Muscari nthawi zina amatengera zithunzi zamtundu wa viral:
- Anyezi - masamba ochepa, kukula kumachepera.
- Nkhaka - mikwingwirima yobiriwira komanso mawanga masamba, ndi opunduka.
Ngati utoto wapezeka, ma hyacinths omwe amakhudzidwa amakumbidwa ndipo amawonongeka nthawi yomweyo.
Tizilombo sitimakonda kuononga maluwa:
- Spider mite - mankhwala opangira mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Vermitek, 1-5in.
- Wonyamula mawonekedwewo ndi aphid, maonekedwe ake, maluwa amathiridwa nthawi yomweyo ndi sopo yankho.
- Dzimbiri - mawanga a bulauni pamasamba mbali zonse ziwiri, owazidwa mankhwala: Ditan, Bayleton.
Makoswe amatha kuwononga duwa, kulimbana nawo ndi ogulitsa.
Kulima Muscari kunyumba
Muscari nthawi zambiri amakulitsidwa m'nyumba. Mababu amakonzedwa:
- Miyezi itatu isungani pa +5 ° С madigiri.
- Kenako pa +9 ° C kwa masiku oposa 30.
- Adabzala mumtsuko ndi ngalande (dothi lamchenga, peat, kompositi) kwa 2 cm.
- Masabata awiri amakhala ndi +5 ° C.
- Kenako anayika kuyatsa, komwe + 10 ° С.
- Patatha masiku atatu, kukwera kufika pa +15 ° C.
Kutentha kwambiri kumafupikitsa nthawi yamaluwa. Madzi abwino ndi madzi osalala, limamasula pambuyo masiku 14.
Kuwala kumakonda chinyezi chowala, chokwera, choyikidwa kum'mawa, kumadzulo windows windows.
Muscari mumapangidwe
Duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi opanga maonekedwe, amapanga mapiri otuwa, maluwa owala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, malire, mabedi a maluwa, malawi, amaikidwa panjira, pansi pa zitsamba zokongoletsera, mitengo. Amayika miphika yamaluwa pamitunda ndi ma verandas.
Kuchiritsa katundu
Mafuta a Muscari ali ndi katundu wofunikira - ali ndi ma esters, flavonoids, organic acid, ascorbic acid.
Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati machiritso a bala, bactericidal agent ndi aphrodisiac. Mankhwala achikhalidwe kumayiko aku Asia amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta othandizira kupuma kwa bronchitis, kutikita minofu, aromatherapy, kuzizira, komanso kusowa tulo.
Makampani azonunkhira nawonso sananyalanyaze maluwa onunkhirawa, zolemba zake zimapangitsa kununkhira kwa mafuta onunkhira ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu cosmetology.
Kunyumba amaikapo ma bouque a mbewa zolemba osati zokomera: mmera umachotsa ntchentche, udzudzu, midges. Ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito mkati, mbewuyo ndi poyizoni.
