Selaginella ndi mbewu ya spore ya banja la Selaginella kuchokera ku gulu lakale lazopanga. Kwawo - America, Mexico, Africa. Mwathunthu, mitundu yoposa 300 yosiyana mawonekedwe. Chomera chimakula mwachangu pamalo otentha, sichimawopa mvula yamvumbi, imatha kukhala ndi moyo popanda dzuwa, ili m'madzi ndipo sivunda.
Kufotokozera kwa Selaginella
Selaginella (Selaginella) - nthambi yophimba nthambi. Epiphytes ndi lithophytes amapezeka - curly, mossy, kukwera. Zili pamiyala, nduwira za mitengo, madambo, miyala. Plaunas amakula mpaka mamita atatu m'malo otentha, mphukira zawo zimakhala zokwezeka kapena zokwawa. Selaginella, yofanana ndi mipesa, imatenga kutalika kwa mamitala 20. Masamba (pafupifupi 5 mm) amawoneka ngati singano zopindika, koma yofewa kwambiri, amakula mozungulira mzere, pang'ono pang'ono kuphimba wina ndi mnzake ngati matailosi. Amasiyana mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe ndi mithunzi yobiriwira.
Mitundu ya selaginella yakunyumba
Ogulitsa maluwa amakula mitundu yopitilira 20 ya zofunkha zamkati. Zomera sizimaphukira, koma zimakondwera ndi masamba achilendo. Zodziwika bwino:
- Selaginella Scaly (Jer rose rose) kapena Selaginella Lepidophylla - atengera chilala. Lepidophyllus wochokera ku chipululu cha America. Chomera choukitsa "chamtundu wopukutira kuzungulira chimakhala m'madzi tsiku limodzi - masamba ofanana ndi masikelo amawululidwa, mphukira amawongoleredwa mpaka 5 cm, ngati nthenga. Izi zimatchedwa cryptobiosis, chomera chikapulumuka popanda mvula, pachilala. Pamwamba pamasamba pali lilime lotunga madzi.
- Vildenova ndi chitsamba chomerapo ndipo chimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira okwanira masentimita 10 ndi masamba owonda amtundu wabuluu.
- Jory (Yori) - chomera chotentha, chodziwika ndi tsinde lolunjika mpaka 20 cm kutalika ndi korona ngati mpira. Mphukira zake ndi zobiriwira zopepuka komanso zokhala ndi thovu.
- Beznoschkovy kapena Apoda ndi chomera chokwawa ndi ma pads ofanana ndi moss. Zimayambira ndi zazifupi, osapitirira 20 cm, mphukira ndi yosalala, yosalala. Chidutswa cha mtundu wa emarodi chofiirira chachikasu, chokhazikitsidwa pamunsi, ndi mizu yowonjezera. Kwawo - North America, Canada. M'chilengedwe amatha nyengo yachisanu pansi pa chipale chofewa. M'nyumba mumamera chomera cham'mera chomwe chimakulirakulima.
- Martens - maluwa okongoletsera okhala ndi masamba achilendo achizindikiro ofanana ndi fern. Amakula mpaka 30 cm, ali ndi mizu ya mlengalenga. Zimayambira zowongoka, zotsika ndikamakula. Masamba ali ndi mithunzi yosiyanasiyana yobiriwira, glossy kapena matte. M'mitundu ina, malangizowa ndi achikasu achikuda kapena siliva.
- Krauss - mphukira wautali mpaka 30 cm amatha kuzika mizu mwachangu ndikupanga kapeti wokongola. Masamba ndi ochepa chikasu, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Gawani:
- Wokoka - masamba akuda bii, oyandikirana kwambiri, amakumbukira singano.
- Swiss - wopezeka ku Caucasus, Far East. Amasiyana masamba owala, omwe amakhala ophatikizana ndi mphukira. Chimakonda mchenga wocheperako komanso dothi lonyowa lomwe silisunga madzi.
Malamulo oyambira posamalira selaginella kunyumba
Kusamalira selaginella kumakhala kovuta chifukwa chosowa chinyontho kunyumba, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana malowa, kutentha, chinyezi, kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba, kubzala m'nthaka yoyenera, kufalikira molingana ndi malamulo.
| Magawo | Malangizo |
| Malo ndi kuyatsa | Kuwala kosasunthika ndikusankha, kumera mumthunzi, komanso kulekerera kuwunikira. Malo pafupi ndi mawindo akumadzulo kapena kumpoto. |
| Kutentha | + 12 ... +22 ° С kutengera nyengo. |
| Chinyezi ndi kuthirira | Kutsirira pafupipafupi ndi madzi ofewa, mukangoyanika. Nthawi zonse mumathiriridwa pansi pa chitsamba ndi thireyi, pomwe mbewu imatenga chinyezi. Apatseni chinyezi chambiri, kupopera mankhwalawa. Amayika zodzitchinjiriza. |
| Dothi | Kusakaniza kwa peat, mitengo yolimba, mchenga pachidutswa chimodzi. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Seputembala, kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse iwo amaphatikiza ndi mavalidwe apadera amadzimadzi pamtondo wolimba. Mlingo amatengedwa theka monga momwe akuwunikira. |
| Thirani | Mwa njira ya transshipment (umphumphu wa dothi louma silinaphwanyidwe), kasupe amamugulitsa kamodzi pazaka ziwiri zonse, mbale zosaya ndi ngalande yamadzi. |
Kutentha, chinyezi
| Magawo | Chilimwe | Kasupe, kugwa | Zima |
| Kutentha | + 20 ... +24 ° С. | + 18 ... +21 ° С. | + 15 ... +21 ° С. |
| Chinyezi, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse | Mkulu - 60-70%. Nthawi 2-3. | Kuyambira 50-60%. 2 nthawi. | Kuyambira 50-60%. 1 nthawi |
| Kuthirira | Kamodzi m'masiku awiri. | Nthawi ziwiri kapena zitatu pa sabata. | Kawiri m'masiku asanu ndi awiri. |
Kubalana, kudulira
Oimira ma pluniformes amabala mwachilengedwe ndi spores, kunyumba mwachilengedwe - pogawa chitsamba ndi kuzula mizu.
Gawoli
Rhizomes mpaka 5 cm ndi mphukira amalekanitsidwa ndi chomera. Wobzala chonyowa peat, kuwaza m'munsi malekezero, zidutswa zitatu aliyense. Phimbani ndi kanema wowonekera kapena galasi, samalani chinyezi pakutentha kwa +20 ° C kwa sabata. Kuwombera kumawonekera patatha mwezi umodzi.
Mizu
Sankhani mphukira ndi kutalika kwa 4 cm ndi mizu yowonjezerapo, kuzika pansi, kuphimba ndi filimu. Masabata awiri owazidwa ndi madzi ofunda. Kuthekera kwamakonzedwe ndikukula kopitilira.
Gawo lokonzekera kubzala limakonzedwa kuchokera ku peat, nthaka yotsika ndi mchenga wofanana. Dothi loyenera kugula la senpolia, begonia. Unyinji wosankha wa ceramic kapena dongo. Chomera chimakonkhedwa ndi nthaka, osati kuyikidwa m'manda.
Dulani mu kasupe - dulani bwino masamba ophukira, osati mwachidule. Masamba owuma, owonongeka amadulidwa.
Zolakwika posamalira selaginella, matenda, tizirombo ndi kuchotsa kwawo
Mtengowo suwululidwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, muyenera kungotsatira magawo a chisamaliro.
| Tizilombo / Matenda / Zolakwika | Zizindikiro pamasamba ndi mbali zina za mbewu | Njira yothetsera |
| Spider mite | Tembenukani chikasu, tsamba loonda limatuluka. | Chimawonekera chifukwa chinyezi chochepa. Chitani ndi sopo ochapira kapena Actellic. |
| Kutentha kwambiri | Mdima ndikuwuma. | Sinthani kuchipinda chozizira. |
| Kuwala koyipa | Amatembenuka, ndipo zimayambira. | Ikani malo owala, kutali ndi dzuwa. |
| Kuchepa kwa mpweya padziko lapansi | Zachilengedwe komanso zofewa. | Ikani mu nthaka yopepuka, kutsanulira ngalande. |
| Kuchepa kwa zakudya | Maluwa samakula. | Kudyetsa. |
| Mpweya wouma | Malangizo a tsinde adzauma. | Nthawi zambiri utsi, ikani chofutira. |
| Kukonzekera kapena mpweya wotentha | Kugwa. | Konzaninso kutali ndi zokonzekera, podulira chipinda. |
| Kuwala kowala | Ophunzitsidwa. | Mthunzi kapena mangani. |
| Madzi osasunthika | Wotentha panthaka, yoyera. | Osamwetsa madzi kwa masiku angapo, chotsani masamba owuma, m'malo dothi ndi opepuka. |
Njira zokulira selaginella
Selaginella imakulidwa ngati malo osungirako malo obiriwira, malo otetezeka, palladium, njira ya aquarium - momwe chinyezi chachikulu chimapangidwa.
Kukongola kwa maluwa ndi chilengedwe ndi kayendedwe ka kutentha ndi chinyezi. Gwiritsani ntchito malo akale kapena chidebe china chopangidwa ndi mandala, osati galasi loonda kwambiri. Amabzala selanginella ndi mbewu zina (fittonia, fern, calathea), ndikupanga maluwa osakaniza. Chophimba cha Florarium. Madzi samapezeka.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala amati: zothandiza za selaginella
Selaginella alibe poizoni, samayambitsa ngozi kwa ena.
Ikawuma, imasungidwa m'makabati kuti isungunule moths.
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ku China, India - matenda a chiwindi, matenda amtundu, matenda aakazi, jaundice, zotupa zoyipa. Zomera zimayenda bwino dzuwa litalowa.
