Haworthia kunyumba, mitundu, kufotokozera, chisamaliro

Haworthia ndi mtundu wazomera zazomera zakutha wochokera ku banja la Xanthorrhoeae, gulu lankhanzalo la Asphodelidae. Duwa limatchedwa E. Haworth, yemwe adazindikira ku Africa - malo omwe adachokera. Mitundu yambiri imamera m'nyumba.

Kufotokozera kwa Haworthia

Chomera chaching'ono, chofika kutalika kwa 15 cm. Chimakula pang'onopang'ono, koma chiwindi chachitali: nthawi yayitali ya moyo ndi zaka 20-30. Pabwino, amapanga ana ambiri palokha.

The haworthia imakhala pafupi phesi losaoneka. Masamba ndi owonda komanso amtundu, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa m'matumba. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana: lanceolate, triangular, oval, mawonekedwe a singano. Komanso mithunzi yosiyanasiyana: yoyera-yoyera, yabuluu, njerwa, bulauni, zobiriwira pang'ono, zobiriwira zakuda. Pali malo opyapyala kapena voliyumu, mikwingwirima, mikwingwirima.

Pazovala zazitali, maluwa oyera oyera amakula. Amasonkhanitsidwa mumiyala yowoneka ngati nthambo. Kufalikira kunyumba ndikosowa. Ndipo zikachitika, mbewu nthawi zambiri imatha ndikufa. Chifukwa chake, pamene peduncle ikuwonekera, iyenera kudulidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Mitundu ya haworthia yolembera m'nyumba

Kusamalira pakhomo kwa mitundu yambiri sikovuta. Mitundu yotchuka ya kubereka kwamkati:

Mutu	Masamba	Maluwa
Ngale (yonyamula ngale)	Chambiri, lanceolate, kukula mpaka masentimita 7. Mdima wobiriwira wokhala ndi masamba oyera oyera ngati chipale.	Ang'ono, obiriwira pa peduncle 30 cm.
Mzere (mitundu yotchuka kwambiri)	Wobiriwira wakuda, wolimba, mpaka 10 cm. Mbali yakunja ndiyosalala, ndipo zophukira zikupanga mizere kuchokera mkati.	Zocheperako, zosafunikira, pazovala zofiirira.
Chess	Opindika atatu, opanda tsinde, mpaka 3,5 cm, wokulirapo, wokuluka. Mbali yakunja ndi yopyapyala, pansi ndi yotumbikika. Ndi malekezero owoneka bwino, mano a m'mphepete. Green ndi mawonekedwe cheke.	Oyera-obiriwira, osokonezeka.
Gulu lalikulu	Olowera m'mizere, yopapatiza komanso yopanda minofu, masentimita 5 mpaka 5. wobiriwira wakuda, mbali imodzi ya monochromatic, mbali inayo - ndi intersperses yomwe imapanga mikwingwirima.	Choyera, chomwe chili pabuluni la bulauni.
Tsamba la mandimu	Osasunthika komanso ophatikizika, mawonekedwe amtundu waukulu. Mtundu wobiriwira kapena wachikasu, mbali zonse zokutidwa ndi "warts" wavy.	Choyera ngati chipale, chaching'ono.
Mvula	Wamng'ono komanso wokulirapo ndi ma clove, akukula vertically. Lanceolate mpaka 3.5 cm. Mkati mwake muli zophuka zoyera. Pali ochepa a iwo kuchokera kunja.	Mtundu wachikasu pamtunda wapamwamba.
Kutanthauza	Zosindikizidwa komanso m'mbali mwake, zophatikizidwa mumiyala yowoneka ngati nyenyezi. Pali "mawindo" owonekera kunja kwa mbale.	Oyeretsa, osayerekezeka.
Mougana	Cylindrical, akukula. Aliyense ali ndi kutalika kofanana.	Choyera chobiriwira, chophatikizidwa ndi inflorescence monga burashi.
Wokhala ngati kangaude	Pansaluzo pali njira zomwe zimafanana ndi kangaude wa kangaude. Nthawi zina malalawa amakhala owonda, ozungulira, ophimba msipu.	Miniature, zoyera.
Cooper	Wotupa, wowonda, wokonzedwa m'mizere itatu.	Wocheperako kukula, wobiriwira wopepuka.

Kusamalira a Haworthia kunyumba

Chakutchire, chomera chamitundu yosiyanasiyana chosadikirira chimadikirira chilala. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalikira ku South Africa: kutentha kwambiri, kutentha kwa dzuwa. Mukamakhala ndi nyumba, izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa.

Zofunika

Zofunikira pakukula nyumba:

Choyimira	Zomwe zimafunika
Malo	Pazenera lakumwera. Chipindacho chimafunikira kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino, koma osapanga zolemba. M'chilimwe, mphika umatengedwa bwino kupita ku loggia, malo otetezedwa. Potseguka muyenera kuteteza ku mvula, mphepo yamphamvu.
Kuwala	Kuwala kowala kumafunika, makamaka nyengo yozizira. Ndikofunikira kupanga zowunikira zowonjezera ndi nyali za fluorescent. Mphepo zowongolera zowononga mwachindunji zimakhudza masamba okongoletsera, kotero mu chilimwe muyenera kugunda.
Kutentha	Mulingo woyenera - + 23 ... +27 ºС. Zimalekerera kutentha kwambiri, koma zimayima chitukuko chawo.
Chinyezi cha mpweya	Sichita mbali yofunika. Moyenera mpweya wamba m'nyumba.

Tikufika

Zomera zatsopano zomwe sizimangosiyidwa simusungidwa. Nthaka mmenemo sioyenera kutulutsa haworthia. Gawo loyenerera la maulidi omwe ali ndi ndale kapena kufooka acid ndi oyenera kubzala. Itha kukonzedwa palokha kuchokera kumchenga, peat, decusuous humus (2: 1: 1) kapena kuchokera muyezo wofanana ndi dongo, mchenga, thanthwe logwetsedwa.

Mitundu ya achinyamata imagulitsidwa kamodzi pachaka. Akuluakulu - kamodzi pa awiri kapena atatu, ngati mizu imadzala muyezo wakale. Mukakhala ndi mizu ya Rhizome, kupatsirana ndikofunikira nthawi yomweyo.

Mphika umatengedwa pang'ono kuposa woyamba. Ngati yatayirira kwambiri, mizu imayamba kukula mwachangu, ndipo kukula kwamasamba kumatha. Kuphatikiza apo, acidization nthaka idzayamba. Poika mbewu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yomweyo, koma ndi dothi latsopano. Mphika uyenera kukhala ndi mabowo otulutsira madziwo.

Pang'onopang'ono:

Chulukani dongo lokwera dothi lotchingira,
Mizu imayesedwa, pamaso pa njira zowola kapena zowuma zimachotsedwa. Malowo odulidwawo amathandizidwa ndi fungicide, atasiyidwa kwa maola 24.
Chitsamba chimayikidwa mumphika, pang'onopang'ono ndikudzaza gawo lapansi. Dziko lapansi silinapangidwe, chifukwa mizu yake ndi yosalimba. Kuti agawanitse dothi mofana ndi lakhoma la poto, amalira kapena kugunda pansi. Kapangidwe ka voids kakang'ono mumphika ndizovomerezeka.
Padziko lapansi mozungulira haworthia amasonkhanitsidwa munkhokwe.
Ngati zonse zili mu dongosolo ndi nthangala yake, kuthirira pang'ono. Ndi mizu yowonongeka, izi sizingatheke sabata pambuyo podziwikirana.

Kutsatira pang'onopang'ono mu florarium (chotengera chagalasi):

Chombocho chimatsukidwa ndikukupukuta ndi nsalu yothira ndi mowa.
Onetsetsani kuti mwayala matayala, popeza thankiyo ilibe mabowo.
Amadzaza dothi, ndikuwonjezera kaboni kuti ateteze nkhungu.
Zimayeretsa mizu ya dziko lapansi lakale, zobzalidwa m'miyala m'nthaka.
Onjezani zinthu zokongoletsera (miyala, zipolopolo, mchenga wachikuda, ndi zina).
Thirani kaphatikizidwe ndi madzi pang'ono. Nthawi ina moisturize posachedwa kuposa mwezi umodzi.
Amayika florarium m'malo abwino ndi mpweya wabwino.

Njira zolerera

Haworthia wosangalatsa:

ana
kudula;
mbewu.

Njira zofalitsira Haworthia

Kunyumba, njira yoyamba nthawi zambiri imasankhidwa. Haworthia nthawi zonse amapereka othandizira ogwirizana kuzika mizu pafupi ndi chitsamba. Ana olekanitsidwa (ndi mizu yopangidwa bwino) ndikuwadzala mosiyana mchaka.

Kufalikira kwa kudula kumachitika motere:

Dulani pepala lopangidwa mosamala m'munsi.
Zowonongeka zimathandizidwa ndi fungicide kapena makala.
Siyani phesi kuti liume kwa masiku awiri.
Mphukira imabzalidwa mchidebe chaching'ono ndi mchenga. Mpaka pomwe mbewuyo yatenga mizu, dothi silithiriridwa madzi.
Mizu yake idzachitika mwezi umodzi, pambuyo pake mphukirayo nkuuika mumphika wokhazikika.

Haworthia samakonda kubereka ndi mbewu, chifukwa njirayi ndi yovuta kwambiri komanso yopanda zipatso. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chomera cha mayi sichitha kukhala mbande. Kuberekanso mbewu ndi motere:

Chidebe chosaya ndi dothi lotayirira kapena mchenga wonyowa chimakonzedwa.
Gawani mbewuzo pansi ndikuzikankhira pansi.
Valani chidebe ndi polyethylene kapena mtsuko wagalasi.
Mbande zimayikidwa mu chipinda chowala bwino komanso kutentha kwa + 20 ... +25 ° C. Tsegulani miphika nthawi zonse kuti muchepetse mpweya, chotsani condensate pamakoma.
Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa mphukira yoyamba, malo ogona amachotsedwa.
Mphukira zimayikidwa mumphika wokhazikika pambuyo pa miyezi 3-4 kapena kasupe wotsatira.

Zovuta pakusunga Haworthia ndi njira zowathetsera

Popanda chisamaliro choyenera, zochitika zosasangalatsa zimachitika. Amachotsedwa ndikusintha zomwe zalembedwa:

Vuto la masamba, etc.	Chifukwa	Njira kukonza
Yendetsani pang'ono kukhudza. Chomera chimatambasulidwa.	Kupanda kuwala.	Mphikawo amakonzedwanso m'malo abwino-owiruka, amadyetsa ndi osakaniza aliwonse a cacti ndi ma suppulents.
Amadzipindulira kukhala owuma, owuma kumapeto.	Ozizira, mwina mbewu yake ili mundondomeko.	Mphikawo amakonzedwanso kumalo ena, amatetezedwa kuti asalembe.
Chitani chikaso kapena blush.	Feteleza zochuluka, makamaka zosakaniza za phosphorous.	Bwerezani dongosolo lazakudya.
Chinyalala, khalani yokutidwa ndi mawanga a bulauni, mumdima.	Chesa	Masamba okhudzidwa amachotsedwa. Chomera chimasungunuka.
Yofewa, yamadzi, yopanda mawonekedwe.	Kuchuluka chinyezi.	Kutsirira kumayimitsidwa kwa milungu iwiri.
Zamdima komanso zowola.	kutentha pang'ono; chinyezi chambiri.	Konzani pamalo otentha, muchepetse kuthirira.
Amawongola, kuwerama, mawonekedwewo ndi osalala.	Chipindacho ndichotentha.	Mphika umasamutsidwira kuchipinda chozizira. Chipindacho nthawi zambiri chimathandizidwa.

Kulimbana ndi matenda komanso tizirombo toukira haworthia

Haworthia imatha kudwala matenda ndi tizirombo. Kupewa ndi kuwongolera:

Matenda / tizilombo	Zizindikiro	Chithandizo	Njira zopewera
Gray zowola	Pa amadyera otuwa phulusa. Masamba sapita kulikonse.	mankhwala ndi 0,2% Fundazole yankho; kupukuta ndi sopo-ndi-mkuwa solution; kubwezeretsanso kumachitika pambuyo pa masabata 1.5-2.	Kuchotsa masamba okhudzidwa; kuyimba pafupipafupi m'chipindacho; kusamukira kumalo abwino.
Mealybug	Zizindikiro zomata pamasamba. Mutha kuzindikira kachilomboka ndi diso lamaliseche. Ndizovuta kupeza pamizu.	2-3 chithandizo chogulidwa ndi Actara ndi Confidor ndi masiku 5-7. Mizu ikakhudzidwa, kuthilira ndi ziphe zomwezi.	Kuwaza ndi anise, chowawa, chitowe, katoni wa coriander sabata iliyonse.
Zopatsa	Khazikika pachisamba ndi m'nthaka. Mutha kuzindikira ndi diso lamaliseche: kumawoneka ngati ntchentche zakuda. Zotsatira za moyo: chikwangwani chofiirira chokhala ndi zazikulu za siliva.	chithandizo ndi Fitoverm; kupatsidwa zina mu dothi latsopano, chisanadze mankhwala ndi yankho la Aktara.	kubwezeretsanso kwa padenga; kusunthira mumphika wina ngati tizirombo tikuwakayikira.
Slug	Zomera zomwe zimakhala mumsewu zimakhudzidwa. Idyani zamasamba.	kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo; ntchito zamatumbo	Kuyendera tizilombo.

Ubwino wa Haworthia

Haworthia akukhulupirira kuti amabweretsa mphamvu kunyumba. Mphika wokhala ndi chomera umalimbikitsidwa kuti uyikidwe kukhitchini kapena pa desktop. Duwa limatulutsa mphamvu zambiri, limasintha luso la malingaliro, limathandiza pantchito. Ndi kupezeka kwake m'chipindacho munthu amatopa pang'ono.

Masamba ali ndi antiseptic, bactericidal kwenikweni. Ndiwothandiza ngati atayikidwa pamalo odulidwa ndi chosanjikiza chapamwamba. Chifukwa cha izi, chiwopsezo chotukuka njira zotupa, kulowa kwa othandizira othandizira kuchepetsedwa, zowonongeka zimachiritsa mwachangu.