Aloe ndi dzina la mtundu wa udzu wokhala ndi masamba osachedwa, shrubby, xerophytes wothamanga komanso othandizira a banja la Asphodel. Malo ogawa Africa, Madagascar, Arabia.
Kutchulidwa kwa aloe (ahal) kumapezeka m'Baibulo. Ku Russia, mitundu ina yamtunduwu imatchedwa agave. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pobereka nyumba sanali kukhala ndi inflorescence, chifukwa chake dzinali limachokera - likufalikira kamodzi zaka zana zilizonse. Ngakhale lero, ngati chomera chikuyenera kusamalidwa, zachilendozi zimatha kuonedwa chaka chilichonse.
Kuyambira kale, mmera umadziwika kuti ndi wochiritsa kunyumba, chizindikiro cha thanzi komanso moyo wautali.
Kufotokozera za aloe
Mtengowo umakhala ndi tsinde lokhalokha ndi masamba othinana pang'ono, olumikizana kutulutsa kutulutsa. Amakhala osalala, opindika (owoneka bwino, ofota), otalika, opindika, a xiphoid komanso okhathamira. Mtunduwu umayambira imvi mpaka zobiriwira zakuda, nthawi zina zimakhala ndi mawanga amdima kapena owala ndi mikwingwirima.
Masamba amasunga madzi osungira, kutseka pores pansi pazovuta, chifukwa chake chomera chimalekerera chilala.
Maluwa okhala ndi mawonekedwe azithunzi zosiyanasiyana kuchokera pachikaso mpaka chofiira amakhala pamtunda wapamwamba.
Mitundu ya aloe
Mitundu ya Aloe ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 300.
Wotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kubereka kwamkati ndi arborescence (treelike).
| Onani | Kufotokozera, masamba | Maluwa | |
| Motley (brindle) | Wobiriwira wakuda, mikwingwirima yopepuka. | Maluwa osowa. | Wapinki, wachikasu. |
| Wonga mtengo | Kutalika pa phesi lalitali. | Wofiyira, wachikaso, wapinki, ofiira. | |
| Zomwezo (chikhulupiriro) | Phesi lalifupi. Wobiriwira wamtundu wautali, wokhala ndi spines m'mbali. | Orange, chikasu-lalanje. | |
| Zopatsa (zoyera) | Spestical socket. Mtundu wobiriwira, wokhala ndi malo oyera oyera ndi mawanga. | Chachikasu, chosagwira mtima. | |
| Cosmo | Wophatikiza wophulika, koma wamkulu. | ||
| Rauha | Grey ndi mizere yoyera. | Malalanje owala amasanduka chikaso. | |
| Squat | Bluu wobiriwira, wokongoletsedwa ndi mawanga oyera akhungu, milongo yoyera m'mphepete. | Wofiyira, lalanje. | |
| Zokhazikika | Zowopsa. Pesi ndi pawiri. Tsitsi-zobiriwira zobiriwira, zili ndi makonzedwe anyimbo. Yosalala, nthawi zina m'mphepete pang'ono. | Wofiyira. | |
| Zokhala ndi mapepala angapo | Makani atatu, owumbidwa mozungulira. Zobiriwira, zokhala ndi zokanda zazing'ono. | Scarlet. | |
| Yukunda | Wobiriwira wowala ndi mawanga oyera ndi ma spikes ofiira | Pinki. | |
| Chisomali | Zofanana ndi Yukunda, koma zokulirapo. | ||
| Haworthian | Zonenepa ndizoyala zazitali zazitali m'malo mwa zokanda | ||
| Wotsutsa | Imvi zimayang'anizana moyang'anizana, zokhala ndi zokongola zazing'ono m'mphepete. | ||
| Marlot | Siliva-buluu wokhala ndi ma spikes ofiira. | Malalanje | |
| Zoyera zoyera | Palibe tsinde. Lanceolate, imvi-violet yokhala ndi madontho oyera, ma spikes. | Choyera. | |
Chisamaliro cha Aloe kunyumba
Popeza aloe ndiwopatsa chidwi, kuwasamalira kumaphatikizapo zochita zomwezo kwa mbewu zonse zofanana.
| Parameti | Kasupe / chilimwe | Kugwa / yozizira |
| Malo / Kuwala | Zenera lililonse, labwino kum'mawa kapena kumwera. | |
| Mu mthunzi wamphamvu wa dzuwa. Amamva zabwino panja, koma muteteze ku dzuwa lowongoka. | Osasokoneza. | |
| Kutentha | + 22 ... +25 ° C | + 8 ... +10 ° C |
| Chinyezi | Pukutani pamoto, popewa kudzikundikira kwa madzi potulutsa. | Osati zofunikira. |
| Kuthirira | Wambiri komanso wambiri, koma pokhapokha pamwamba patadzaza. (pafupifupi kamodzi pa sabata). Pakatuluka maluwa, onjezerani. | Zosowa kwambiri. Pamatenthedwe otsika +15 ° C, onetsetsani kuti dothi limafiratu madziwo asanatsanuke. (kamodzi pamwezi). |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kamodzi pamwezi (feteleza wa mchere kwa ma suppulents). | Osadyetsa. |
Kubzala, kuthira, dothi, kusankha mphika, kudulira
Mutapeza chomera, chimafunikira kusintha mkati mwamasabata awiri.
Mphika wosankhidwa malinga ndi zokonda zake.
- Clay imakupatsani mwayi kupumira munthaka, yomwe imalola kuti chinyezi chambiri chipume. Koma padzuwa, makhoma ake akatenthetsedwa, mizu ya chimacho imayamba kukulira, ndikuyigwiritsa ntchito, kwinaku ikuuma.
- Pulasitiki nthawi zambiri imatha kuthirira mbewu, koma pali mwayi wothira.
Kapangidwe ka dothi: dothi komanso dothi louma, mchenga wowuma (2: 1: 1).
Zomera zazing'ono zimasinthidwa chaka ndi chaka. Zaka zisanu - pambuyo pa 2. Akuluakulu - atatha zaka zitatu.
Tsiku lisanafike pozika, nyemba zimamwetsedwa. Kenako zinthu zotsatirazi zimachitidwa:
- Poto yatsopano inakonzedwa, ngalande za 1/5 zimayikidwa (dongo lokulitsidwa, njerwa zosweka), nthaka imathiridwa.
- Chidebe chomwe chili ndi chomeracho chimagubuduzidwa, kuchotsedwa mosamala, kuyikika mumphika wokonzedwera, ndikuwonjezera dothi, chophatikizika mosamala (ndi ndodo yotsirizika yogwiritsa ntchito mosinthasintha kwazungulira).
- Imathiriridwa pang'ono, nthaka ikayamba masamba, imatsukidwa mosamala ndi chinkhupule chonyowa, poyesera kuti chinyezi chisalowe, izi zimatha kuwola.
- Ikani mphika wamaluwa m'malo achisoni pang'ono. Masiku atatu kupirira popanda kuthirira.
- Yesetsani kuti musakonzenso chomera chomwe ndakhala ndikuchigulitsa kwa mwezi umodzi.
Kuswana
Pali njira zinayi zoberekera za aloe: mbewu, tsamba, ndondomeko ndi ana.
Mbewu
Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kupeza chomera patha chaka chimodzi. Kupeza mbande ndikuusamalira kumafuna chisamaliro chambiri.
Mapepala
Njira yosavuta. Kubzala zinthu zitha kupezeka mosavuta ndikudula tsamba kuchokera ku chomera cha mayi, ndi bwino kuthana ndi odulidwa ndi kaboni. Iwuma kwa masiku asanu. Kenako wobzala mumphika wochepa ndi gawo lonyowa, kukankha masentimita 5. Phimbani kuchokera kumtunda ndi chidebe chagalasi. M'masabata awiri ziyenera kumera.
Kudula
Dulani phesi ndi mapepala pafupifupi 8. Zouma masiku 5. Wobzala mu dothi lonyowa, kuti mapepala apansi amakhudzana nawo. Amakhala pazenera dzuwa. Mizu imachitika mkati mwa mwezi umodzi.
Ana
Amakhala mukulekanitsidwa kwa mphukira pamizu kuchokera kwa chomera. Zitha kukhala ndi mizu kapena yopanda mizu. Kachiwiri, mizu imaphuka pakatha nthawi mutabzala.
Mavuto ndi chisamaliro choyenera cha aloe, matenda, tizirombo
| Vuto la masamba, etc. | Chifukwa | Chithandizo |
| Kuyanika kumatha. | Kukula kwa mizu, kusowa kwa zakudya. | Wokokedwa mu chidebe chokulirapo. |
| Kupotoza. | Kupanda chisamaliro. | Pukutani ndi chinkhupule chonyowa. Chotsani fumbi, dothi. |
| Kusasinthasintha kwamadzi, chikasu, kufewetsa. | Madzi. | Chepetsani kuthirira, onetsetsani kuti denga lakumiralo lisanachitike. |
| Woponya. | Kupanda kuyatsa ndi madzi. | Konzaninso pamalo opepuka. Mukathiridwa bwino, mutha kuwonjezera madzi poto. |
| Madontho a bulauni. | Osakwanira hydrate. | Amaonetsetsa kuti madziwo akathirira, madzi amayenda pang'ono poto. |
| Malo otentha obiriwira. | Matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. | Amathandizidwa ndi othandizira antifungal Glyokladin, Trichodermin. |
| Redness. | Dzuwa lowonjezera. | Mthunzi. |
| Kugwa. | Kuthirira madzi ozizira kwambiri. | Thirirani chomeracho ndi madzi okhazikika. |
| Tsinde Kuyanika, kuchepa kwa kukula. | Zovunda. | Chotsani mumphika, kudula ziwalo zowonongeka, kudula zigawo ndi makala, ndikusamutsira gawo latsopanolo. Pakatha kuwola masamba am'munsi, pamwamba pamadulidwa, kenako ndikawuma, ubzalidwe. Ziwalo zonse zamatenda zimawonongedwa. |
| Imfa ya chomera popanda chifukwa. | Matenda owuma zowola. | Pewani kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kupopera mankhwala okhala ndi matenda a fungus a Phytosporin. |
| Wosakhazikika komanso wonyezimira. | Chotchinga. | Amathandizidwa ndi yankho la sokosi. Kuchotsa tizilombo. Pankhani ya matenda oopsa, amawaza ndi mankhwala, mwachitsanzo, Aktara. |
| Web | Spider mite. | Spray ndi Actellic, Actara kapena Bon Forte. |
| Maonekedwe a zidutswa za thonje. | Mealybugs. | Sambani tizilombo ndi kulowetsedwa kwa adyo. Amathandizidwa ndikukonzekera Aktar, Fitoverm. |
| Mikwingwirima ya silvery, tizilombo tikuwoneka. | Zopatsa. | Ali ndi mankhwala a Fitoverm, Karate, Actellik. |
Wogwirizana ndi Chilimwe akudziwitsa: Aloe ndi dokotala wanyumba
Mphamvu zakuchiritsa kwa agave zadziwika zaka masauzande angapo. Mankhwala ozikidwa pamaderawa ali ndi anti-yotupa, mankhwala opha tizilombo, choleretic, anti-burn, zilonda zochiritsa, amathandizira kukonza chimbudzi ndi kudya, kuchiza zilonda zam'mimba komanso zilonda zam'mimba. Aloe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamankhwala komanso zodzikongoletsera.
Kunyumba, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mphuno. M'nyengo yozizira, samani masamba okwanira, osachepera 15 cm, kudutsa chopukusira nyama, zosefera msuzi, wiritsani osaposa maminiti atatu. 5 madontho amakhazikika mu mphuno iliyonse ndi imeneyi kwa mphindi 3 (osasungidwa, katundu wochiritsa mwachangu amatha.).
Madzi a aloe omwe adasinthidwa (sabur) amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kudzimbidwa, kuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira. Kugwiritsira ntchito kovomerezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi, chikhodzodzo, ndi zotupa, cystitis, nthawi ya msambo, komanso amayi apakati.
