Imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya chilimwe - peyala "Lada"

Ambiri akuyembekezera kubwera kwa masiku a chilimwe.

Kwa alimi ndi wamaluwa, ichi ndi chifukwa choyesera zipatso zomwe mumazikonda pamunda wawo.

Ambiri obereketsa amayesetsa kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso zapatsogolo. Imodzi mwa izi ndi mitundu ya peyala "Lada" - kufotokoza za mitundu yosiyanasiyana, njira yobzala, mungu wochokera kwa mapeyala ndi chithunzi pansipa.

Ndi mtundu wanji?

Skoroplodny kalasi ndi mkulu zokolola ndi kukana nkhanambo. Zipatso za cholinga cha chilengedwe chonse, zoyenera kukonza ndi zatsopano.

Pamene mtengo wa peyala "Lada" uvota ndi nthawi yokolola? Zotsatira za peyala yakucha "Lada" kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, zipatso zake zonse zidzakondweretsani ndi yowutsa mudyo komanso zipatso zokoma.

Zipatso zimapitirirabe pamphepete ndipo sizingatheke kukhetsa, choncho, kukolola mapeyala a Lada ndi kotheka pakati pa mwezi wa September, atangoyamba kukhala golide wonyezimira komanso zooneka bwino.

Pakati pa mitundu ya chilimwe ayenera kumvetsera ku Katolika, Victoria, Krasnobokuyu ndi Lyubimitsu Yakovlev.

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana

Zinyama zili ndi mbiri yaposachedwa ndipo imabadwira ku Agricultural Academy, yomwe ili ku Moscow. Ogwira ntchito analandira mawonekedwe atsopano, powoloka mitundu iwiri "Forest Beauty" ndi "Olga".

Makhalidwe a mtengo wopangidwawo amaposa zowonjezera pa ntchito yawo. Kuyambira mu 1993, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Lada inalembedwa m'ndandanda wa boma.

Amalandira zambiri ku dera la Moscow, ndipo amakula kwambiri Madera a Central, Volga ndi Central Black Earth.

Komanso m'madera amenewa, mitundu imakula bwino: Bere Russkaya, Skorospelka kuchokera ku Michurinsk, Tikhiy Don ndi Orlovskaya Kukongola.

Peyala zosiyanasiyana "Lada" kufotokoza kwathunthu ndi chithunzi cha chipatso pambuyo pake.

Peyala "Lada": kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi

Kutalika kwa mtengo wamkulu wa peyala "Lada" ukufikira kukula kwapakati ndi kamtundu kakang'ono ka korona ndi masamba. Mbewu zazing'ono zimasiyana ndi mitengo yokhwima mu korona wooneka ngati mapulosi, omwe amakhala piramidi ndi zaka.

Chitsamba chachikulu cha thunthu ndi imvi, pamene nthambi za chigoba zimakhala zowala. Mphukirazo ndizitali, ndi kutchulidwa kofiira tinge, kanyumba kakang'ono, mtanda umakhala wozungulira. Gawo lalifupi la tsinde la internodes ndi kukula kochepa kwa mphukira. Chechevichek pa thunthu pang'ono ndipo sizitchulidwa.

Maonekedwe a masamba akusonyezedwa, ovate-elongated. Pamwamba pa pepalayo mumakhala wonyezimira, pomwe kumbuyo kumakhala kovuta komanso kovuta. Chipinda cha pepalacho chimakhala chokwanira ndipo chimatuluka kwambiri.

Mbewu za masamba monga mawonekedwe a kondomu, zolembedwera pang'ono ndi zowonjezera pamapeto. M'kupita kwa nthawi, mphukira yambiri komanso yopotoka imayamba kukhala ndi creembose inflorescences.

Kawirikawiri amakhala ndi masamba 5-7, opangidwa ndi maluwa aakulu, mabala onse ndi corolla yowala.

Zipatso sizisiyana mu kukula kwakukulu, kulemera kwawo kulemera ndi pafupifupi 120 g. Maonekedwe a chipatso ndi okongola, amodzi a mapeyala ambiri.

Khungu lofewa ndi lofewa lili ndi mtundu wachikasu wofiira.

Zolemba zapansi zochepa zimakhala zosawoneka. Mpweya ndi wofooka, wosawoneka bwino pamunsi pa tsinde. Mphunoyi siilipo, tsinde ndi lalifupi ndi laling'ono lakuda. Zipatso zili ndi mbewu 5-7 zofiira, zazikulu.

Thupi lachikasu la chipatso lili ndi mawonekedwe osasunthika komanso madzi ambiri. Kukoma ndi kokoma ndi kuchepa pang'ono, kopanda fungo labwino. Zokoma za zipatso ndizitali, Mapiritsi oposa pafupifupi 4.7.

Zizindikiro za katundu wa peyala Lada zosiyanasiyana:

Kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza zosiyanasiyana ndikuwona mapeyala "Lada" akhoza kukhala pa chithunzi pansipa:

Zizindikiro

"Lada" amalingaliridwa samoplodnym kalasi.

Malo abwino kwambiri odzola mungu wochokera kwa iye ndi Rogneda, Severyanka, Chizhovskaya, Cosmic ndi Otradnenskaya.

Kukhalapo kwa mtundu uliwonse wa mitundu iyi pamalopo kumawonjezera zokolola ndi khalidwe la chipatso.

Zosiyanasiyana "Lada" zimaonedwa skoroplodnykuyambira kale kwa zaka 2-4 mutabzala amatha kubweretsa zokolola zabwino.

Mtengo wokhwima ndi kusamalidwa bwino ndi kudulira nthawi zonse Ambiri amabweretsa makilogalamu okwana 50 chaka chilichonse.

Zokolola zabwino zimabweretsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapeyala: Hera, Noyabrskaya, Mu kukumbukira Zhegalov ndi Yakovlevskaya.

REFERENCE: Kutsika kotsika kwambiri pa kayendetsedwe ka katundu komanso kusatheka kwa kusungirako kwa nthawi yaitali kungatheke chifukwa chosoweka zosiyana.

Zomera za hard winter zimakhala pamtunda wapamwamba. Mitengo m'nyengo yozizira simungathe kuphimba ngakhalepopeza sikofunikira konse. Popeza dziko lonse thermophilicity wa chikhalidwe, kotero kukana otsika kutentha ndi kawirikawiri.

Mitengo yachisanu-yolimba imaphatikizapo mapeyala: Sverdlovchanka, Fairy Tale, Uralochka ndi Svarog.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Mukamabzala mbande muyenera kulingalira nthawi ya chaka. Ndibwino kuti mupange mtengo wachangu m'chaka. Sikoyenera kulima m'dzinja, chifukwa chotheka mizu yochepa m'nthawi yachisanu.

ZOCHITA: Mbande yomwe idagulidwa mu malo odyera sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa zaka ziwiri. Mulimonsemo, mizu yopulumuka imachepa.

Mitundu yosiyana siyiyi yokha yomwe imasankha nthaka, choncho imafalitsidwa pafupifupi paliponse. Koma nthaka yabwino kwambiri yokula "Lada" ndi dziko lapansi lakuda, nkhalango ndi loamy.

Musanadzalemo, feteleza feteleza ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku dzenje, monga kompositi, potaziyamu mchere ndi superphosphatekenako kumasula nthaka bwino.

Miyeso ya dzenje iyenera kuti iposa kukula kwa rhizome, kotero kuti chomeracho chimasankhidwa momasuka pakabzala. Miyeso yeniyeni ya dzenje 70x100, mozama, kuya ndi kuya kwake.

REFERENCE: Kuti apange korona yosalala komanso yowonongeka, pafupi ndi nyembayo imayendetsa mtengo, yomwe imayenera kutuluka pansi ndi 60 cm.

Khosi lazu pamene likudzala liyenera kuyang'ana pa 5-7 masentimita, ndipo mphukira zake zimakhazikika bwino ndipo zimadetsedwa ndi nthaka imene mbewuzo zinakula.

Pamapeto pake, nthaka yozungulira mtengowo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuthirira mochuluka. Padziko lonse nkofunika kutsanulira manyowa pang'ono kapena humus. Pambuyo pa zonse zomwe zachitidwa, thunthu la mtengo liyenera kumangirizidwa mosamala ku khola lomwe kale linakumbidwa.

Mtengo uyenera kuthiriridwa kokha pa nthawi ya chilala chokhalitsa, chifukwa kuthirira mobwerezabwereza kungathe kuwononga mizu ndikuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Mpaka chiwonongeko chonsecho chiwonongeke. Kuthirira kumayenera kuchitika mochuluka, zidebe ziwiri kapena zitatu pansi pa mtengo umodzi.

M'chaka, pambuyo pa wintering chomera, m'pofunika kudyetsa ndi nitrogen feteleza.. Izi ziyenera kuchitika chipale chofewa chikasungunuka ndipo nyengo yayuma.

Nthambi zowuma kapena zowonongeka zomwe zimapangidwa pambuyo pa nthawi yozizira zimachotsedwa. Mbali ya tsinde imayendetsedwa makamaka ndi okusayidi yachitsulo kapena laimu.

M'kugwa, mineral feteleza ndizoyenera.zomwe zimapereka mu October. Nthaŵi ya hibernation imadaliranso. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti panthawi yomwe thalala silingamangirire ku nthambi.

Kuwopsa kwa chipale chofewa chophimba chisanu kumatha kusweka nthambi zochepa. Thumba lachisanu cha dzinja silikufunika mtundu uwu wa peyala, chifukwa cha iye mkulu chisanu kukana.

REFERENCE: M'chaka choyamba cha fruiting, mazira ochulukirapo ayenera kuchepetsedwa kuti apange korona yoyenera.

Kudula peyala kumachitika kawiri pachaka, mu masika ndi autumn. Nthambi zina zimachotsedwa kwathunthu, zofupikitsidwa nthawi yaitali ndi pruner wouma kwambiri kuti mtengo usawonongeke ngati n'kotheka.

Malo amadula akukonzedwa ndi mchere wapadera wamaluwa.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mitundu ya peyala "Lada" imalimbana kwambiri ndi matenda a fungal monga nkhanambo.

Kukaniza nkhanambo ndi Kupava, Ilyinka, Karataevskaya ndi Elegant Efimova.

Zidzakhala bwino kuyamba tizilombo toyambitsa matenda musanayambe kutaya madzi.

Sungunulani 700g wa urea mu chidebe chimodzi cha madzi ndikupanga thunthu ndi nthaka kuzungulira mtengo.

Njirayi idzawononga tizirombo zonse zomwe zatha kupulumuka m'nyengo yozizira.

Koma ngati nkhuni imathandizidwa ndi njirayi pambuyo pake, masambawo adzaphulika.

Matenda wamba monga //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html, kutentha kwa bakiteriya, zowola zipatso, powdery mildew, dzimbiri ndizosavuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza.

Malamulo oyambirira oletsa matenda:

• Dulani mtengo katatu kuyambira pachiyambi cha mphukira mpaka kumapeto kwa fruiting, mosasamala kanthu za kukhalapo kwa matendawa.
• Kugwiritsira ntchito masamba osagwa ndi nthawi yochotsa udzu.
• Pewani mvula yambiri kapena chinyezi chochuluka cha nthaka.

Mapeyala osiyanasiyana "Lada" amatsutsana mokwanira ku matenda onse omwe adatchulidwa, makamaka nkhanambo. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zowatetezera kungakhale kopindulitsa.

Tizilombo toononga: ndulu, mchenga, hawthorn, miner moth, aphid, njenjete ya njuchi, goldfinder, scythe, apulo mtengo wa kachilomboka.

Malamulo oyambirira othandizira tizilombo:

1. Katemera wokonzedweratu makamaka opanga mankhwala opatsirana.
2. Kuchotsedwa koyenera kwa namsongole omwe ndi tizirombo.
3. Kusamala nthawi zonse thunthu, nthambi ndi masamba pamtengo.

Kusamalira mosamalitsa komanso kudzichepetsa kwa peyala imeneyi kumapatsa mwayi wakukula "Lada" pafupifupi madera onse.

Ubwino wosasunthika wa peyala ndi kudzichepetsa kwake, kuzizira kwa chisanu, komanso ndithu, kukoma kwa zipatso zabwino.