Ctenanthe (Ctenanthe) ndi wa banja la a Marantov. Ichi ndi chibadwidwe chosatha ku South America. M'nyumba muli malowa 15 a duwa.
Kufotokozera
Chomera chimakhala chamtengo wapatali chifukwa cha kukongola kwa masamba. Masamba ndi amdima, wandiweyani, amachititsa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Kutengera mitundu, amatha kumakutidwa ndi siliva, chikaso, zobiriwira zobiriwira. Misewuyo imachokera pakatikati pa pepalalo ndikupita chammbali.
Mukalera kunyumba, chomera chimafika kutalika kwa 90 cm, kuthengo - 100-150 masentimita. Maluwa samachitika kawirikawiri. Ma inflorescence ali mu mawonekedwe a spikelets wotumbululuka ndipo samakopa chidwi cha olima maluwa ndi okongoletsa.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe akunja, duwa limatha kusokonezedwa ndi ena oimira banja la arrowroot. Kuchokera ku arrowroot ndi stroma, imasiyanitsidwa ndi kutalika kwakukulu kwa masamba a petioles ndi masamba opindika, kuchokera ku calathea mawonekedwe a inflorescence. Koma izi sizofunikira kwambiri, momwe machitidwe awo akukonzera akufanana.
Mawonedwe anyumba
Mutha kugula mitundu ingapo ya ma ctenantas. Mitundu yowala kwambiri, monga momwe tionera pachithunzichi, ndi yophatikiza mitundu yoyambirira.
Onani | Kufotokozera |
Oppenheim | Mitundu yolimba kwambiri. Mtundu ndi wobiriwira imvi, masamba ndi akulu komanso amakulidwe, mikwingwiroyi ndi yosiyana. Zosakanizidwa zosiyanasiyana - Tricolor. Patsamba lambale pali timiyala ta pinki. |
Obika | Kutalika mpaka 1.5 metres, utoto wamtundu wa emarodi. Imakhala yowala bwino ngakhale ikakula m'malo otetezeka. Zophatikiza - Zojambula za Goldney. Ili ndi masamba amdima 20 cm ndi 8 cm mulifupi ndi mawanga achikaso. |
Cetose (setose) mwachidule | Tsinde 0,9-1 m, utoto wobiriwira wakuda wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiirira ndi siliva. Ndikothirira yambiri, imakula mwachangu. |
Kukakamizidwa | Masamba akulu obiriwira otuwa okhala ndi mitsempha yopyapyala. Amalimbana popanda kukhalapo kwa ultraviolet ndi chinyezi. |
Burle Marxi (dzina lolakwika ndi maxi) | Ma sheet ndi ma rectangular, akuthwa komanso olimba, amtundu wobiriwira. Kutalika sikupita masentimita 40. Zophatikiza - Amagris. Mtundu waukulu ndi imvi zasiliva, zopindika zobiriwira. |
Kusamalira Panyumba
Katswiriyu amachokera m'malo otentha, motero amatha mofulumira popanda chinyontho m'nthaka komanso m'mlengalenga. Ulamuliro wa kutentha umafunanso kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, popeza duwa silimalolera kuzizira.
Nyengo | Kutentha | Chinyezi cha mpweya |
Kasupe | +20 ... + 22 ° C | 80-90%. Ndikofunikira kupopera mbewu mpaka 2 pa tsiku, kukonza shawa. |
Chilimwe ndi kugwa | + 20 ... + 26 ° C, kutenthedwa sikuyenera kuloledwa | 80-90%. Kutentha, chinyezi cha mpweya chimafunikira. Ngati sichoncho, zida zazikulu zingapo zamadzi ndizichita - chidebe, aquarium. |
Zima | + 18 ... + 20 ° C, osatsika kuposa + 15 ° C | 80-90%. Katatu pa sabata kupopera ndikofunikira. Sizoletsedwa kusunga duwa pafupi ndi radiators. |
Ctenanta imamera pafupi ndi mbewu zina zotentha: crystal anthurium, calathea. Iyenera kupezeka pafupi ndi zenera, koma nthawi yomweyo kuti ichite mthunzi.
Unyinji, nthaka, kubzala
Mutagula, osavomerezeka kuti ndikangokweza mbewuyo mumtsuko watsopano. Iyenera kuloledwa kuchulukitsa mkati mwa masabata a 2-4. Ngati chitsamba chinagulidwa m'dzinja kapena nthawi yozizira, muyenera kuyembekezera kuti February ndiyambike kuti ndikwaniritse.
Woyesayo abzalidwe m'miphika yayitali, yosanja, popeza mizu ya duwa sinakhazikike. Kusakaniza kwa dothi kumapangidwa popanda zinthu zotsatirazi: nthaka ya pepala, peat ndi mchenga (2: 1: 1). Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera makala. Kuongolera ndikofunikira: dongo lakakulitsidwa kapena njerwa zosweka liyenera kupangidwa pansi pa mphika.
Kuthirira
Kuthirira kosatha kumafunikira mukangomaliza kumeta kwa masentimita 1-2. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuthirira chitsamba masiku onse atatu, ndipo kutentha kwa chilimwe muyenera kuchita izi kawiri pa tsiku. Komanso kusaloledwa mopitirira muyeso kapena kukokomeza nthaka sikuyenera kuloledwa.
Madzi othirira ayenera kukhazikika. Ndikofunika kupatsira kudutsa muisefa ndi chithupsa. Kutentha kwambiri kwamadzi kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi +30 ° C. Mukathirira, muyenera kuyesetsa kupewa kuti madontho akulu asagwere papepala.
Kamodzi pa sabata, madontho 1-2 a citric acid pa 10 l ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi madzi, popeza mmera umafunikira nthaka yachilengedwe.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, wobwalayo amakhathamiritsa milungu iwiri iliyonse, ndipo kuyambira koyamba nyengo yozizira mpaka kumapeto kwa dzinja - masabata asanu ndi limodzi ndi asanu ndi limodzi. Monga chovala chapamwamba, mawonekedwe aliwonse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa komanso zomera zowoneka bwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito (mtengo umayambira pa 120 r.). Sipayenera kukhala ndi nayitrogeni ndi calcium yambiri, izi ndi zinthu za poizoni.
Thirani
Ndikofunikira kusintha maluso chaka chilichonse ngati chomera sichinafike zaka zisanu, ndipo kamodzi pachaka 3 chilichonse ngati duwa lakhala lakale. Kuchulukana kumachitika mchaka kapena chilimwe.
Mphika watsopano uyenera kukhala wokulirapo masentimita 6. Dothi, gawo lapansi la azaleas kapena osakaniza dothi, lomwe likuwonetsedwa pamwambapa, limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, moss-sphagnum woponderezedwa amawonjezeredwa. Iyenera kukhala 5% ya kuchuluka kwa nthaka.
Kubwezeretsa kwa Ogula
Zomera zimangodalitsika ndikudula kapena kugawaniza, chifukwa maluwa ndi osowa. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe.
Kudula
Zodulidwa ziyenera kudulidwa kuchokera ku duwa kuchokera kutalika kwa 7 mpaka 10 cm. Zomwe zimafunikira ndizopeka, zidakalipobe pakukula. Aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi masamba osachepera atatu. Nthambi zodulidwa zimayikiridwa m'madzi ndikuphimba ndi pulasitiki kapena Thumba la pulasitiki. Pambuyo pa masiku 5-7, mizu ikawoneka, zikumera zimakhala.
Gawoli
Imachitika poika munthu wamkulu. Chitsamba chimayeretsedwa pansi ndikugawikana magawo angapo. Zomwe mizu siziyenera kuwonongeka. Gawo lirilonse limayikidwa mu chidebe chosiyana ndi peat ndipo limathiriridwa kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kutseka tchire ndi thumba lomwe sililola kuti chinyezi chitha kudutsa kuti malo obiriwira azikhala obiriwira. Masamba atsopano akawoneka pazomera, mutha kuziwokolola ndikusintha mu dothi labwino.
Zovuta pakuwasamalira wobwalayo ndikuzigonjetsa
Mawonekedwe | Vutoli | Malangizo |
Kukula pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, kumazungulira. | Kutentha kwa mpweya. | Ikani duwa kutali ndi batri, pindani m malo mchipindacho. |
Kugwa kwa masamba athanzi. | Kukonzekera kapena chinyezi chochepa. | Khazikitsani chinyezi chochepera 80%. Chotsani poto pawindo. |
Masamba angozimiririka, mawanga ndi mitsempha imazimiririka. | Kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwa ultraviolet. | Mimitsani kapena sinthani mphikawo kuchokera pawindo lakumwera kupita lina lililonse. |
Kutsitsa. | Kuzunguliza kumalumikizidwa ndi kuzizira komanso chinyezi chambiri. | Ikani mu dothi latsopano, onjezerani kutentha kwa mpweya. |
Kupotoza pepala. | Kuperewera kwa madzi. | Spray ndi madzi pafupipafupi. |
Zithunzi zoyambira. | Kuperewera kwa michere pansi. | Gwiritsani Mavalidwe apamwamba. |
Matenda, tizirombo
Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana titha kulowa mu ctenant kuchokera ku mbewu zina. Izi sizimangokhudza maluwa amkati, komanso maluwa. Popewa matenda, zitsamba zonse zatsopano ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa padera kuchokera kwa omwe atenga nthawi yayitali, kukhala kwa milungu itatu kapena itatu.
Matendawa | Momwe mungadziwire | Njira Zothetsera |
Ma nsabwe | Tizilombo ta mthunzi wobiriwira kapena wakuda. Kukhudza kumbuyo tsamba tsamba achinyamata mphukira. |
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Chotchinga | Maonekedwe a zophuka pamtunda wonsewo. Kuzungulira madera omwe akhudzidwa, duwa limasanduka chikaso. |
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Mealybug | Mizu yofanana ndi ufa. Kukongoletsa masamba kumayamba, madera omwe akhudzidwa ndiuma. |
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Whitefly | Tizilombo touluka tomwe timayera. Chotsani ngati mukuwasokoneza, kumenya maluwa. |
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Spider mite | Cobweb pamiyeso, mawanga a bulauni okhala ndi halo wachikaso kumbuyo kwa tsamba la masamba. |
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Zovunda | Kukula kwa nkhungu m'nthaka, kuwoneka ngati fungo losasangalatsa, kufalikira kwa mawanga bulauni ndi zakuda pamunsi pazoyambira. |
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Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kumudzi kwawo amadziwitsa: Ktenanta - maluwa
Pali chikhulupiriro chabodza chakuti wopereka bedi amasangalatsa nyumba, amalimbitsa maubale muukwati. Malinga ndi chikhulupiriro chofala, duwa lomwe limakhala mchipinda cha ogonera limapangitsa banja kukhala lolimba komanso lokhalitsa.
Ngati woimira arrowroots akakulira ku nazale, ngakhale mwana wosasamala kwambiri amachotsa kusowa tulo ndi mavuto mwachidwi. Mtengowo ndi wofunikira kwa anthu okalamba, chifukwa umalimbitsa thanzi komanso kuchepetsa nkhawa.