Lobivia kapena mu Chilatini Lobivia - ndi woimira banja la cacti, kale zaka zoposa 100 wamkulu m'nyumba floriculture.
Zomwe zimakhala ndizomwe zimakhala zogwirizana ndi zolemba zosiyanasiyana kuyambira mitundu 70 mpaka 140kukula Peru, Bolivia ndi Argentina.
Lobivia ndi wachibale wapafupi kwambiri wa Echinopsis cactus. Sizodziwika kuti m'mabuku osiyana siyana mitundu yambiri imasankhidwa ngati mitundu ya mtundu umenewu.
Fomuyo ndi chipangizo chamakono chachitsulo chokhala ndi tsinde kapena chingwe chozungulira. Nthiti za mitundu yambiri ya zamoyozo ndizozungulira. Kawirikawiri amagawidwa mu zigawo, pa hillocks zomwe areolae zili ndi mitolo yowonda komanso yokhazikika.
Lobivia amapanga kuchuluka kwa njira zoyambira, kumadzizungulira yokha "coloni" ya "ana" ndipo potero imachulukitsa. Kwa nyengo ziwiri kapena zitatu, iye ndi banja lake akhoza kukhala malo onse omasuka m'phika.
Mphuno imakhala ngati maluwa ambirimbiri chikasu, choyera, chofiira, pinki, carmine mtundu.
Mitundu yambiri yazing'onoting'ono zowonongeka zimapatsa chithumwa chapadera. Kupyolera mwa kuyesera kwa obereketsa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakhala ikupangidwa. "barb kukongola" ndi pepala lakale la mtundu.
Lobivia amatanthauza cacti ya m'chipululu. Zina mwa izo mungapeze zitsanzo zambiri zosangalatsa, zomwe, mwazinthu zina, zingakulire muzochitika za nyumba.Werengani zambiri zokhudza zipangizozi: Ailoster, Cereus ndi Parody.
Mitundu
Bakebergamwinamwake, Lobivia backebergii ndi mbalame zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakhala ndi imvi, yomwe imakhala yosachepera 5 masentimita, ndi zokongola zokongola maluwa. Nambala yochuluka ya nthiti ndi 15, ndipo kutalika kwake kwazitsamba zosawerengeka kumachokera ku 0,5 mpaka 5 cm.
Lobivia backebergii
Crucible, m'Chilatini, Lobivia tiegeliana ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi nthiti zazing'ono, zomwe zili ndi 18, ndi kukula kwake ndi masentimita 6. The areola amanyamula ndi singano 20 zosapitirira 1 masentimita m'litali. Kusiyanitsa mtundu wofiira wofiira wa maluwa ang'onoang'ono.
Lobivia tiegeliana
Boliviamwinamwake, Lobivia boliviensis ndi mawonekedwe a mtundu wobiriwira, womwe uli pafupifupi masentimita 10 ndi kupitilira mitsempha yaitali. Dera lakuda pinki ndi kirimu pakati pa masamba - 4 masentimita.
Lobivia boliviensis
Denspisin kapena Lobivia densispina - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cacti, yosiyana ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe a zimayambira, minga, ndi maluwa, omwe amadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu ndi mitundu yowala.
Lobivia densispina
Zhazhoyana kapena Yayoana, mwinamwake Lobivia jajoiana ndi mitundu yaying'ono yomwe ili ndi tsinde lokhala ndi masentimita 10. Limasiyanitsidwa ndi tubercles kwambiri. Kutalika kwa singano zofiira zofiira kuchokera pa 0.8 mpaka 1 masentimitandi bulauni pakati - 2-2.5 cm. Maluwa okongola ndi okongola kwambiri - achikasu kapena ofiira ofiira okhala ndi zofiirira komanso malo osiyanasiyana osiyana siyana.
Lobivia jajoiana
Golden chikasu kapena Lobivia aurea - tsinde lakuya ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri a golide wagolide omwe amasindikizidwa ndi silvery.
Lobivia aurea
Cinnabar Redm'Chilatini, Lobivia cinnabarina ndi yochepa kwambiri yomwe imakhala pafupi ndi masentimita 15 mu circumference ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri. Ma singano a Brown ndi olimba kwambiri ndipo amatha masentimita 8 m'litali.
Lobivia cinnabarina
Tsamba la kangaude (kangaude), mwinamwake Lobivia arachnacantha ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira omwe ali ndi masentimita 4 okha ndi nsonga yozungulira mkati. Maluwawo amajambulidwa mu mithunzi ya chikasu chachikasu ndi kuwala kowala.
Lobivia arachnacantha
White-violetmwinamwake, Lobivia leucoviolacea ndi mitundu yosangalatsa, yochepa yokhala ndi yozungulira. Nsapato zapamwamba zowonjezera pafupifupi zimaphimba pamwamba. Mtundu wa maluwa a pinki ndi mthunzi wa violet.
Lobivia leucoviolacea
Famatymskaya, m'Chilatini Lobivia famatimensis - chibolibolichi chimakhala ndi mbali yochuluka kwambiri mpaka kufika pa zidutswa 24. Mphepete mwafupipafupi imapanikizidwa ku nthiti ndi pafupifupi imperceptible. Maluwa a mthunzi wowala wachikasu ali ndi mamita 6 masentimita.
Lobivia famatimensis
Katswiri wa mafupa kapena Hertrich, mwinamwake Lobivia hertrichiana - kawonekedwe kakang'ono, kamene kali pa nthiti 11 zanyumba. Kukula kwa mpweya wa poizoni ndi 1.5 masentimita, ndipo singano yapakati ndi yayitali kwambiri. Ili ndi mtundu wachikasu, ndipo kukula kwake ndi 2.5 masentimita. Maluwa ofiira amazokongoletsedwa ndi malo owala.
Lobivia hertrichiana
Pentland, mu Latin Lobivia pentlandii - pang'ono elongated ozungulira mawonekedwe. Nthano nthawi zambiri palibe. Kutalika kwa masamba ofiira kapena owala a lalanje ndi pafupifupi masentimita 6. The scaly pedicle ili ndifupi pang'ono.
Lobivia pentlandii
Reita (Haage)mwinamwake, Lobivia haageana ndi cactus yaikulu yomwe imakhala ndi bluish stem kufika 30 cm mu msinkhu. Kutalika kwa singano zakuda kwambiri ndizomwe masentimita 2-3, ndipo chapakati ndi 6-7 masentimita.
Lobivia haageana
Schreiter, m'Chilatini, Lobivia schreiteri - amadziwika ndi tsinde lokhala ndi "mitu ya ana" yokhala ndi masentimita atatu, ophimbidwa ndi zochepa zapadera. Mtundu wa maluwa ang'onoang'ono ndi wofiira ndi mdima wammero.
Lobivia schreiteri
Kusamalira kwanu
Lobivia chisamaliro chosasamala, wokonda dzuwa ndi wokhalitsa. Chinthu chovuta kwambiri kukula pa Lobie ndi kumuthandiza kuti azikhala ndi maluwa.
Kuti muchite izi, nkofunika kuyang'anitsitsa kutentha, kukhala ndi kuwala kokwanira komanso madzi abwino.
Kodi mumadziwa kuti njoka yotchedwa Opuntia yotereyi imakhala yosangalatsa osati maonekedwe ake, komanso imapindulitsa anthu?Werengani nkhaniyi pa webusaiti yathu. Onaninso kuti pali mitundu yotani ya Opuntia komanso momwe mungasamalirire bwino chomera chodabwitsa ichi.
Kuunikira
Lobivia ndi wokonda kwambiri dzuwa.
Njira yoyenera yoperekera maloyo ingakhale yindo lakumwera.
Ndi kuunikira kosauka, tsinde ndi lopunduka, ndipo singano zimagwa. Chipinda chiyenera kukhala mpweya wokhazikika - mbadwa za m'madera akumapiri zimasowa mpweya wabwino.
Kutentha
Iye ndi wokongola kulekerera chilimwe kutentha kwa Russian latitudes. Komabe, panthawi imodzimodziyo, wokhala m'mapiri ayenera kusinthasintha masana ndi usiku kutentha.
Choncho, mu nyengo yotentha, ndibwino kuti muzipititsa ku veranda kapena kumalo, kapena prikopat pamodzi ndi mphika m'munda pamalo otetezedwa ndi mvula.
M'nyengo yozizira, nyamakazi imabwera nthawi yopumula. Kumapeto kwa November, amasamutsira kumalo ake kutentha kuchokera 8 mpaka 10 ° C.
Popanda nyengo yozizira, Lobivia sadzakana pachimake, chifukwa ndi ozizira omwe amathandiza kulima maluwa.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Imwani chomeracho chiyenera kukhala mosamala, kuyembekezera nthaka kuti iume mu mphika. Ndikofunika kuti musadzaze.
Kutuluka kwa mnofu kumayipitsa kwa iye ndipo ukhoza kutsogolera kuwonongeka.
Kuthirira kumayamba m'chaka, maluwawo atatha.
Pakatikati mwa mwezi wa July, kuthirira kwaima kwa mwezi umodzi, kenaka nkuyambiranso mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa August.
Mu manambala omaliza Kusambira kwa November kwathunthu ndikusamutsira pamalo ozizira kukafika m'nyengo yozizira.
Lobivia ali ndi ulemu wosatsutsika - suli kufunafuna chinyezi, chabwino imatenga mpweya wouma malo ndipo safuna kupopera mbewu. Ndikofunikira kuti nthawi zonse muyeretsedwe ndi fumbi pogwiritsa ntchito kupopera kochepa.
Feteleza
Tikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa kawiri pa mwezi ndi feteleza kwa cacti kuyambira March mpaka September panthawi yogwira ntchito komanso maluwa.
Panthawi yopuma Manyowa si abwino.
Maluwa
M'chaka kumapeto kwa wintering mu lobivii kuyamba atagona maluwa.
Pa nthawiyi, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala komanso pamene masambawo akuwonekera, mwamsanga muwatumize ku chipinda chowala ndikuyambiranso kuthirira.
Chomera chimayamba kuphulika mu May. Maluwa onse amatha masiku 1 mpaka atatu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti m'mawa, imatha, ndipo imatseka madzulo.
Nthawi zina zimapezeka nthawi imodzi mpaka maluwa 25izi ndi zosayembekezeka kuona.
Kusindikizidwa ndi mapangidwe a nthaka
Lobivia amafuna nthaka yowonongeka, yosungunuka ndi osalowerera ndale pH ya 5.6. Mukhoza kugula zokonzeka ku cacti kapena kukonzekera nthaka nokha.
Kuti muchite izi, tenga:
- 4 zidutswa za nthaka yachonde;
- Mbali zitatu za nthaka yowirira ndi mchenga wonyezimira;
- 2 magawo peat.
Kusindikizidwa pachaka m'phika lalikulu ndi lalikulu ndi mabowo a ngalande ndi miyala yosanjikiza yokhala ndi miyala pansi.
ZOFUNIKA: cactus imafalikira kuuma kukauma nthaka.
Pambuyo pa kusinthitsa, imayikidwa pamalo amdima kwa masiku angapo, ndipo imatha kuthirira kamodzi pamlungu.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa mutagula
Nthaŵi zambiri Lobivia amalowa m'nyumba yathu kuchokera ku shopu la maluwa.
Kuti adziŵe bwino zinthu zatsopano ayenera kuikidwa m'malo atsopano, pokambirana mosakayika kuti zingatheke bwanji tizirombo ndi matenda.
Komabe, kubwezeretsa sikukulimbikitsidwa nthawi yomweyo. Ndi zofunika kuti mutagula adakhala masiku khumi ndikukhala naye limodzi.
Panthawiyi, nthaka mu mphika idzauma bwino ndi lobelia ikuyendetsedwa kumalo atsopano.
Mukasamukira, muyenera kumagwedeza mosakanizika mumphika, kuyang'anitsitsa ndikupeza ngati tizilombo tomwe takhalapo. Mizu yowuma komanso yoonongeka ziyenera kukonzedwa.
Ngati tsinde likukhudzidwa ndi kuwonongeka, muyenera kuchotsa malo omwe akukhudzidwawo ndi kuwaza bala ndi makala oyaka.
Kenaka mukhoza kugula Lobivia m'madzi otentha ndi kutentha kwa pafupifupi 50 ° C ndi kuwonjezera kwa fungicide ndi tizilombo.
Njirayi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuonjezera apo, zimayambitsa kukula kwa mbeu. Pambuyo kutentha, cactus iyenera kuuma. mkati mwa masiku atatu kapena 4mwa kuyika izo mu malo ofunjika ndi kuwongolera mizu.
Mbewu ikauma, mumasowa kuziyika izo mu malo atsopano ndikuzipereka izo ndi zinthu zonse zofunikatafotokozedwa pamwambapa.
Kuswana
"Ana". Njira yoyamba ndi yosavuta, koma ndibwino kuigwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, mosiyana ndi kufalitsa mbewu.
Kupanda kutero, nyamakazi imatha msinkhu kuchoka kumbali yolekanitsa ya mphukira yotsatira.
M'chaka kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, lekani "mwana", perekani malo ophwanyidwa kapena kudula pang'ono pang'ono ndi kulimbikitsa kudula mchenga kapena dothi.
Ngati mutha kuwongolera chodulidwa ngati pensulo, chiwerengerochi chidzawonjezeka. Kwa kubereketsa kulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe mphukira yathanzi bwino, ngati galasi pamwamba.
Mbewu. Kuti uberekere bwino, sizimapweteka kuti zilowerere m'madzi otentha tsiku limodzi musanamwe kufesa, momwe makina ambiri a potassium permanganate amatha. Ndiye ayenera kuuma.
Mbewu imafesedwa ndi njira yapamwamba. - iyenera kufalitsidwa mofanana pa dziko lapansi lophwanyika, lopangidwa ndi mfuti yamatsitsi ndikuphimba ndi galasi kapena thumba loyera.
Sikuti Lobivia yekha akhoza kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Mofananamo, mukhoza kupanga mitundu ina ya cacti.Werengani nkhaniyi m'nkhani zathu za Ferocactus, Mammily and Rebution.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Adani oopsa a Lobivia ali:
- kangaude;
- mealybug
- chishango;
- aphid
Ngati chomeracho chimakhala ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri, kangaude akhoza kuwukantha. Amadzipeza kuti ndi mabala a bulauni pa tsinde ndi mabubu.
Mankhwala othandizira monga "Fitoverm", "Neoron" kapena "Agrivertin", kapena zachilengedwe - decoction wa yarrow, kulowetsedwa anyezi kapena adyo.
Chishango kapena chofiira chichotsedwe ndi burashi, pambuyo pake chomeracho sopola kwa maola angapo kenaka nkuchapidwa.
Ngati anaukira aphid, muyenera kuwononga tizilombo ndikusambitsa kansalu ndi sopo, ndipo ngati mukudwala mankhwala akuluakulu angathandize: "Actellic", "Fitoverm", "Phwasani".
Mukamamwa mowa kwambiri, amatha kutero tsaya zowolaomwe amavumbulutsidwa ndi chiphalala chodetsedwa ndi makwinya.
Ndikofunika kudula mutuwo, kuchitapo kanthu kudula ndi malasha kapena fungicide ndipo kwa milungu ingapo musamamwe madziwo.
Mukhozanso kupatulira pamwamba pa cactus ndi kuchizira.
Monga momwe tikuonera, lobivia ndi chibwibwi chokongola mwa kudzichepetsa ndi kudzichepetsa, zomwe sizili zovuta "kukhumbitsa" pachimake.
Yesetsani kukhazikitsa pawindo lanu "mnzanga wapamtima" - ndipo izo zidzakondwera ndi kukudabwa iwe kwa nthawi yaitali, nthawi yaitali.
