Chlorophytum - chisamaliro ndi kubereka kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi

Chlorophytum (Chlorophytum) - mbewu yobzala udzu nthawi zonse. Idafotokozedwa koyamba kumapeto kwa zaka za XVIII. Zaka zana limodzi pambuyo pake, duwa linatulukira ku Europe. Koma akatswiriwa sanasankhebe kuti ndi a banja liti - Asparagus, Liliaceae kapena Agave. Chlorophytum adawoneka m'nkhalango zotentha za Africa, zomwe zimapezeka kum'mwera kwa Australia ndi Asia. Chifukwa chakuchepa, ndi chimodzi mwazomera padziko lapansi.

Kasupe wooneka ngati chitsime wozungulira wa chlorophytum amakula mpaka 50 cm m'litali ndi m'mimba mwake. Ikula msanga, ndikupeza kukula kwa chomera chaka chimodzi. Amakhala kunyumba pafupifupi zaka 10, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imayenera kubwezeretsedwanso. Chlorophytum blooms nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Amapanga maluwa oyera 6-petal, ofanana ndi nyenyezi. M'malo awo amakula "ana" pamiyendo italiitali.

Chlorophytum ndi yosavuta pachilichonse: chisamaliro, kubereka, ngakhale dzina lake ndi lochotsa ulemu. Mawuwa amachokera ku maziko achi Greek a chloros ndi phyton ndikumasulira "chomera chobiriwira".

Zothandiza zimatha chlorophytum

Chlorophytum ndi mpweya wabwino kwambiri, mapapu obiriwira kunyumba. Zojambula zopangidwa ndi kaboni zowononga mpweya (formaldehyde, chloroethylene, benzene), zimagawana mpweya wabwino mokwanira. Mtengowo umatulutsa mpweya wosalala, wopopera mpweya. Amachepetsa kusungidwa kwazitsulo zolemera ndi zophatikizira zawo; Simalowerera chikonga.

Chifukwa chake, duwa la chlorophytum ndilofunikira kwambiri m'zipinda momwe anthu osuta, omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi anthu omwe ali ndi mapangidwe am'mimba. Poyeretsa mpweya, chlorophytum imanyowetsanso, imathandizira kuyamwa phokoso lakunja. Kwa tsiku limodzi, mbewu zisanu zapakatikati zimakhala zowopsa pamtunda wa 10 m². Ku Africa, chlorophytum imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ofewetsa ana.

Kusamalira chlorophytum kunyumba (mwachidule)

Musanaganize zobzala chlorophytum kunyumba, muyenera kudziwa zomwe zimakonda chomera ndi zomwe mungazisamalire:

Kusamalira chlorophytum kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Chlorophytum kunyumba ndikosavuta kukula ngakhale kwa woyambitsa woyamba. Koma kulima kwa "chomera chobiriwira" kuyenera kufikiridwa moyenera, kuphunzira zomwe amakonda. Kenako duwa limakula bwino ndikuoneka bwino.

Maluwa a chlorophytum

Maluwa a chlorophytum amapezeka nthawi iliyonse osagwirizana ndi nyengo yokhala matalala, nthawi zambiri kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, mbewuyo imaphuka kwa mwezi umodzi, ndikupanga maluwa oyera ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi timiyulu tating'ono tokhala ngati cholester, zofanana ndi nyenyezi. Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa panicles yoyera.

M'malo mwake, maluwa obiriwira atsopano amawoneka, omwe mungakulitse tchire latsopano. Ngati zitsulo zosafunikira zichotsedwa, maluwa akupitilira. Chlorophytum wokhwima m'malo ophukira a malo ogulitsa achinyamata amawoneka ngati kasupe wobiriwira wodabwitsa. Eni ake okhala ndi mapiko a chlorophytum amachotsa mapesi ofanana ndi khutu kuti asunge masamba owala.

Mu mitundu ya lalanje, peduncle imachotsedwa kuti tchire lisunge "fluffiness" lawo. Mphika wolimba komanso wachichepere ungapangitse kuti pakhale maluwa.

Njira yotentha

Maluwa chlorophytum kunyumba safunikira kukhwimitsa kutentha, ngakhale imawerengedwa kuti ndiyabwino kwambiri kuti mbewuyo isapitirire + 9 - 18 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumachepera pang'ono kotero kuti kuzizira Chlorophytum kupumula bwino. Kutsika kwakukulu komwe duwa limatha kulekerera mpaka + 7 ° C (Ichi ndi chizindikilo chovuta, ndibwino kuti musabweretse kwa icho). M'chilimwe, kuwonjezeka kwa chipilala cha mercury kumatheka mpaka + 25 ° C.

Zojambula ndi mpweya wozizira zimapweteketsa duwa.

Kuwaza

Spray ndi gawo lofunika pakusamalira mbewu. Ngakhale chlorophytum imalekerera bwino mpweya wamkati, iye amakonda njirayi, monga shawa. M'chilimwe, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika nthawi zambiri. M'nyengo yozizira - nthawi zambiri, koma samaima konse, makamaka ngati mbewuyo ili pafupi ndi mabatire.

Masamba a Chlorophytum amafafizidwa ndimadzi ofunda kumapeto kwa usiku, kuteteza duwa kuti lisawotchedwe ndi dzuwa. Kuchokera pamalangizo a masamba owuma ndi achikasu, mutha kudziwa kuti nthawi yakwanira maluwa.

Ngati chlorophytum yakula mumphika, ndipo osati chomera chokulirapo, chitha kuyikiridwa pamiyala yonyowa miyala (mizu isakhudze madzi). Izi zikuthandizira kuti mukhale chinyezi.

Kuwala

Kuti chlorophytum ikhale yathanzi komanso yokongola, chisamaliro chanyumba chimakulangizani kuti musankhe bwino kuyatsa. Kusankha kwa kuyatsa kutengera mtundu wa mbewu, makamaka chlorophytum imakonda kuwala kosawoneka bwino, koma kuyang'ana kwambiri kuwala kungapangitse masamba kuwotcha.

Mithunzi imakhudza mtundu wamtundu ndi mawonekedwe a masamba: "mitundu" yokhotakhota imawongola masamba awo, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana yophatikizidwa imasiya kuwala. Ndi mawonekedwe pang'ono, mitundu yobiriwira yokha ndi yomwe imapezeka. Chlorophytum imawerengedwa kuti ndiyomera yolekerera bwino, koma pansi pazowala bwino masamba ake amatuluka msanga, duwa limayamba kuchita ulesi, kukula kwake kumachepera.

Tchire timamva bwino kum'mwera chakum'mawa kapena kumwera chakumadzulo kwa chipindacho. M'chilimwe, chlorophytum imatengedwa kupita kumlengalenga, komwe kumakhala dzuwa ndi mvula.

Kuthirira

Kuthirira chomera chilichonse kumafuna kusamala ndi kusamala. Ngati mizu ilibe nthawi yokwanira kuthira madzi othiridwa, ayamba kuvunda. Mu chlorophytum, mizu ndi yopanda mphamvu komanso yamphamvu. Mwa iwo, chinyezi chimapitilira kwa nthawi yayitali. Ndikofunika kuti dothi lisafike mumphika, koma pasakhale chinyezi chowonjezera.

Kukhetsa bwino madzi kumathandiza kuti madzi asasokonekere. Chlorophytum imamwetsa madzi ambiri masiku otentha, masiku atatu aliwonse, nthawi yozizira - kamodzi masiku 7, kuyesera kuthira madzi m'mbali mwa mphika, osati pakatikati pa chitsamba. Mutha kumvetsetsa m'mene kuthirira kumafunikira ndikuwoneka ndi makulidwe pamizu, kuyanika ndi kugwa kwa masamba, komanso kuyanika dothi. Duwa limathiridwa madzi ofunda.

Kuti chinyontho m'nthaka, mulch ndi gawo lapansi la coconut.

Chlorophytum Pot

Tchire limakula mwachangu, ndiye kuti mphika uyenera kusinthidwa nthawi zambiri, kupendekera kuti chidebe chatsopanocho chizikhala chokulirapo masentimita 3 - 5. Miphika ya chlorophytum imasankhidwa lonse ndipo osati yokwera kwambiri kuti mizu yomwe ikukula m'lifupi mwake imakula momasuka. Chidebe cholimba, mbewuyo singakhale pachimake. Koma kuyika chlorophytum mu chidebe chachikulu kwambiri, munthu sayenera kupitirira ndi kusankha m'mimba mwake: mumphika wambiri, mbewuyo imatenga nthawi yayitali kuti ikhazikike, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zidzatenga nthawi yayitali kuti maluwa athere.

Mumphika wa dongo, madzi amaphulika msanga, ndipo chlorophytum amakonda nthaka kuti ikhale yonyowa, kotero mphika wa dongo suyenera duwa. Nthawi zambiri zitsamba zobiriwira, ngati chomera cham'mera, zimabzalidwa m'maluwa omata. Olima ena amabzala chomera m'machubu ndi mitengo ya kanjedza.

Nthawi zina, m'malo mwa mphika wachikhalidwe, chlorophytum imalidwa m'malo owonetsera galasi kapena mu florarium yopangidwa kuchokera ku aquarium yayikulu. Atazunguliridwa ndi miyala yamitundu mitundu, nyenyezi zam'madzi ndi zipolopolo, akuwoneka bwino.

Chlorophytum primer

Dothi la chlorophytum limafunikira lotayirira ndi lopepuka. Muthagula osakaniza wopanga maluwa. Gawo loyenerera la maluwa a maluwa, begonias kapena mitengo ya kanjedza, yomwe imakhala ndi acidity ya put (pH 6.4 - 7.3). Ndi acidic kapena zamchere, mbewuyo imakula bwino. Mutha kukonzekera gawo lapansi, mutenga gawo limodzi la malovu, peat, nthaka yamasamba ndi 0,5 gawo la perlite. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ngalande zabwino - kuchokera kuzidutswa za njerwa, miyala yosalala, dongo lotukulidwa.

Posachedwa, chlorophytum nthawi zambiri imabzalidwa osati pansi, koma hydrogel. Tchire zobzalidwa mwanjira iyi m'maluwa zimawoneka bwino. Koma, kutsatira mafashoni, muyenera kudziwa zina za maluwa omwe akukula mu hydrogel. Zomera zazing'ono ndizoyenera izi: zimamera mosavuta mu malo atsopano.

Mizu ya chitsamba imatsukidwa pansi osabzala. Chlorophytum mu hydrogel siziikika ngati yowala. Hydrogel imatsukidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti madzi asasweke. Kusunga chinyezi mu hydrogel, madzi nthawi zina amawonjezeredwa.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kuthira manyowa ndi kuthira umuna kumathandiza chlorophytum kuti masamba azikhala opepuka komanso wowala; thandizani duwa nthawi yopanga ma rosette aakazi ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa "ana." Kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira, chlorophytum imadyetsedwa kamodzi masiku 14 mpaka 21 ndi feteleza wa feteleza ponseponse.

Zitsanzo zokhwima zimadyetsedwa masika, nthawi 1 pachaka. Olima ena nthawi zina amadyetsa mbewuyi ndi masamba atatu a nthochi, komwe ndi gwero la zinthu zachilengedwe ndi mavitamini. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayikidwa panthaka yonyowa madzulo kapena kwamvula. M'nyengo yozizira, chlorophytum simakhala feteleza.

Pambuyo poika maluwa, milungu 1, 5 iyenera kudutsa, pokhapokha amayamba kudyetsa.

Kupatsidwa kwa Chlorophytum

Kuyika kwa Chlorophytum ndikofunikira ngati mizu ya chomera idayamba kuwonekera kuchokera m'maenje omata. Nthawi zambiri zitsamba zazing'ono zimasinthidwa chaka chilichonse - kasupe, ndipo nthawi zina muyenera kuchita izi kangapo pachaka - chlorophytum yaying'ono imakula mwachangu kwambiri. Zomera zokhwima zimafunika kupatsirana pang'ono - patatha pafupifupi zaka 2, 5.

Tchire tating'ono nthawi zina timangotsitsimutsa dothi lakumwamba, osatulutsa. Kuchotsa duwa pamphika, kuyang'ana mizu yake. Zidutswa zowuma kapena zowola zimachotsedwa. Zodulidwazo zimakonkhedwa ndi makala osadulidwa ndikuuma pang'ono. Wobzala mumphika watsopano kuti kumakoma ndi pansi panali 3, 5 cm, kotero kuti mizu idakhazikitsidwa momasuka ndipo imatha kukhazikika.

Pansi pa thankiyo muyenera kudzaza madzi.

Kudulira

Masamba a chomera amapangidwa pakatikati pa mizu ya rosette. Kuti apange korona wa chitsamba, chlorophytum samadulidwa. Kudulira pankhaniyi kumachitika chifukwa cha zodzikongoletsera kuti duwa likhale labwino. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, masamba owuma kapena osweka amachotsedwa. Nthawi zina amadula ana awo a mwana wamkazi omwe amadya msuzi wa tchire ndikuchepetsa kukula.

Nthawi yopumula

Chlorophytum wakonzeka kuyeretsa mpweya wamkati chaka chonse, nthawi yopumulirayo sinafotokozedwe bwino. Ntchito ya mwini wake wosamalira ndikutumiza duwa kuti lipumule kuti liyike maluwa atsopano. M'nyengo yozizira, chlorophytum imakonzedwanso m'chipinda chozizira, amasiya kudyetsa ndipo samamwetsa madzi ambiri.

Kodi ndizotheka kusiya chlorophytum osachoka patchuthi?

Ngati mupita patchuthi kwa milungu iwiri, mutha kukhala wodekha: chlorophytum imalimbana ndi kusowa kwa madzi okwanira. Tisanachoke, muyenera kuthirira duwa ndikuwukonzanso m'malo moyenda. Munthawi imeneyi, masamba amatha kutsika, koma palibe mavuto opanda chiyembekezo omwe angabuke.

Ngati mukufuna kukakhala nthawi yayitali, ndibwino kufunsa achibale kuti azisamalira "chomera chobiriwira", kusiya madzi ndi dongosolo lazothirira. Chidebe chotseguka chamadzi chiyenera kuyikidwapo pafupi ndi duwa kuti chinyontho chizikhala ndi mpweya.

Chlorophytum yakunyumba sikhala yofunikira pazomwe zimamangidwa, ngati zikhalidwe zina zingapangidwe, zimakusangalatsani ndi mawonekedwe abwino.

Kubalana kwa Chlorophytum

Kutengera mtundu wa mbewu, kubereka kwa chlorophytum ndikotheka m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Kukula chlorophytum kwa mbewu

Zovomerezeka zamtundu zomwe sizipanga "ana", mwachitsanzo, za chlorophytum ya lalanje.

• Mbewu zatsopano zimakulungidwa mu chopukutira chothira ndikuyika mu chidebe cha pulasitiki.
• Kuphimba, kumera pa + 25 - 28 ° C, nthawi zina kumanyowetsa tawulo.
• Pakatha milungu iwiri, nyemba zika "kubwatika", zibzalidwe m'nthaka yakuya mpaka 5 mm, mosamala kuti zisawononge mphukira yayitali.
• Phimbani ndi kanema ndikuchoka pamalo otentha.
• Kanemayo amachichotsa kumadzi ndikutulutsa chomera.
• Pomwe mapepala owona amapangidwa (2 - 3), mbande imagona pansi.

Kubereka kwa chlorophytum rosettes

Njira yosavuta momwe ma rosettes, achikulire mpaka 5 - 8 cm, amalekanitsidwa ndi ma peduncle. Pofika nthawi ino, malo ambiri okhala ndi mizu, koma ngati mulibe, chitsamba chimazika dothi kapena madzi (madzi ayenera kusinthidwa nthawi zambiri). Akazika mizu m'madzi, amadikirira mpaka mizu itawonekera. Kenako anabzala m'nthaka. "Ana" achichepere amatenga mizu mwachangu. Mitundu yolukidwa ndi yokhotakhota imafalitsidwa mosavuta motere. Koma njirayi siyigwirizana ndi mapiko ndi Cape chlorophytum: alibe "masharubu".

Kufalikira kwa chlorophytum pogawa chitsamba

Kuchulukitsa kumeneku kumangokhala kwa chomera chomera.

• Chomera chochotsedwa mumphika, chikosacho chimatsukidwa.
• Ndi mpeni wakuthwa, gawani zidutswazidutswa, kuwaza odulidwa ndi ufa wa malasha.
• Mizu yowonongeka imachotsedwa, mizu yotalika imafupikitsidwa ndi theka.
• Gawo lokonzekera limabzalidwa pansi. Njira yofulumira yopezera chitsamba champhamvu.

Mwanjira imeneyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kusinthanso chitsamba zaka zisanu zilizonse. Njira iyi ndiyoyenera kufalitsa mitundu yonse.

Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yopanga chlorophytum ndi masika, pomwe chlorophytum, yopumula nthawi yachisanu, ili wokonzeka kupereka chomera chatsopano.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Mwambiri, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chlorophytum imakula yathanzi komanso yokongola - "mbewu yobiriwira" yeniyeni, koma nthawi zina imagwidwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Maluwa adzafotokozera zovuta pakusintha mawonekedwe:

• Masamba a chlorophytum amasanduka achikasu - kuvunda kwa mizu kuchokera ku bowa (ngati muzu wadetsedwa ndi zonse, chomera sichitha kupulumutsidwa; ngati madera ang'onoang'ono akukhudzidwa, amachotsedwa, malo odulidwa amawazidwa ndi mpweya wa kaboni, ndikuwazika m'nthaka yatsopano osathiriridwa masiku angapo, osasungidwa mumthunzi);
• nsonga zofiirira za masamba a chlorophytum - kusowa kwa michere kapena kutentha kwambiri mchipindacho (chakudya, kukonzanso m'malo ozizira, mpweya wabwino);
• mikwingwirima ya bulauni pamasamba a chlorophytum nthawi yozizira - chinyezi chowonjezereka (mutha kuwumitsa mizu, ndikusintha dothi kukhala dothi latsopano, osathirira madzi kwa masiku angapo; sinthani kuthirira);
• masamba opindika ndi mawanga achikasu-abulauni, amizere akuda a masamba a chlorophytum - kuchepa kwakukulu kwa chinyezi (madzi ochuluka, kuthirira kolondola);
• chlorophytum ikukula pang'onopang'ono - kusowa kwa michere, kuwala pang'ono (chakudya, kukonzanso m'malo owala, kuyatsa nyali);
• chlorophytum siipanga ana - mphika wopindika kapena kusakhazikika kwa duwa (wololedwa mumphika wambiri);
• Chlorophytum masamba amasandulika - kuwala pang'ono kapena kusowa kwa nayitrogeni (kukonzanso m'malo owala, chakudya);
• kuwola pakati - chinyezi chowonjezereka (pukuta mizu ya duwa, ndikusunthira m'nthaka yatsopano, osamwetsa madzi kwa masiku angapo, kenako sinthani kuthirira);
• Masamba adakhala ofewa - mbewuyo ndi yozizira (ikonzanso pamalo otentha);
• mawanga a bulauni owuma pamasamba - kutentha kwa dzuwa (pritenit);
• nsonga za tsamba louma - mpweya wouma mchipindacho (kutsitsi, ikani pallet ndi dothi lonyowa);
• chlorophytum iyamba kugwa kumbali yake -tchire lakula kwambiri (logawidwa zidutswa ndi kuziyika);
• masamba amasanduka akuda nthawi yotentha - chinyezi chochepa, mpweya wouma (kuthira madzi ambiri, kutsanulira, kuvala pallet ndi dothi lonyowa).

Nthawi zina chlorophytum imakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo: mavu, nsabwe za m'masamba, mealybug, nematode. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana nawo. Ngati pali tizilombo tambiri, muyenera kuyesa njira za anthu.

Mitundu ya chlorophytum yakunyumba yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Pazinthu zachilengedwe, mitundu yoposa 200 ya chlorophytum imapezeka. Kunyumba, ena okha ndi omwe amalimidwa.

Chlorophytum crested (Chlorophytum comosum)

Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa chlorophytum. Masamba owongoka (pafupifupi 2 cm) amasachedwa momasuka. Ali ndi mawonekedwe a lanceolate komanso mtundu wobiriwira wowala. Muvi umakula mpaka masentimita 100, mawonekedwe oyamba a maluwa yaying'ono (mpaka zidutswa 7), kenako - "mwana".

Mitundu yake ina ndiyotchuka kwambiri.

Zosiyanasiyana (Chlorophytum Vittatum)

Mzere wopyapyala woyera pang'ono wopondera papepala.

Zosiyanasiyana (Chlorophytum Variegatum)

Zingwe zowala zimayenda m'mphepete mwa pepalalo.

Chlorophytum curly (Bonnie) (Chlorophytum comosum Bonnie)

Chitsamba chowoneka bwino chokhala ndi masamba amfupi ozungulira ndikupatsa mbewuyo mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Pakatikati pa pepalalo papepala pali chizindikiro chodziwika bwino.

Chlorophytum lalanje, kapena nyenyezi ya orchid (Chlorophytum orchidastrum)

Mtundu wosiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina ya chlorophytum. Kutalika kwa tchire mpaka 20c. Kuchokera ku rosette yoyambira, masamba otambalala, amphamvu, amapanga mawonekedwe apamwamba a lalanje. Amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wakuda. Kapangidwe kakang'ono kwambiri kamafupi ndi khutu la chimanga. Mitundu ya "Ana" nthawi zambiri.

Kunyumba, mitundu iwiri imakonda kubzala:

Zosiyanasiyana (Green Orange)

Tsamba lalikulu la masamba obiriwira limapuma pa petiole lalanje. Mzere woima pachidacho uli ndi mtundu womwewo.

Giredi (Moto Moto)

Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi Green Orange ndi kusowa kwa mzere wowala wa lalanje; mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a petiole owoneka.

Cape chlorophytum (Chlorophytum capense)

Kutalika konse (3 cm) kutalika (pafupifupi 60 cm) masamba obiriwira owala. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe. Pazithunzi zazifupi maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera ku chlorophytum yokhulupirira ndikuti chifukwa cha maluwa, palibe "ana".

Chlorophytum ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri panyumba, yopezeka pafupifupi nyumba iliyonse. Maphala amphaka amadzuka amalimbikitsa malingaliro ndi kuyeretsa mpweya. Yobzalidwa m'miyala kapena m'maluwa omata, tchire la "chomera chobiriwiracho" limakulitsa malo ndikuwatsimikizira kupadera kwake.