Afelandra - chisamaliro chakunyumba, chithunzi

Afelandra (Aphelandra) - udzu wamtali wamtchire - "mlendo" wapamwamba pafupipafupi wa nyumba zobiriwira zapakhomo zochokera ku malo otentha aku America.

Pakuswana kwanyumba, kutalika kwa woimira banja la Akantov kumafika masentimita 30-70. Amadziwika ndi kukula kwamasamba masamba ndi mphukira (zoposa 4 pachaka). Kutalika kwa moyo wa mbewu zazomera sikupitilira zaka ziwiri.

Amasiyana m'mitundu ikuluikulu yowoneka ngati nthambo komanso masamba obiriwira amdambo wokhala ndi sera yolumikizidwa ndi mitsempha yoyera kapena ya kirimu.

Akazi otulutsa maluwa am'nyumba amazidziwa zakale ngati nyumba yopanda maluwa okongoletsa. Gawo lokhala ndi maluwa limagwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena koyambira kwa nthawi yophukira, kumatha mwezi wopitilira.

Zothandiza zofunikira zakuthengo

Muyenera kudziwa kuti woimira otentha siwokongola komanso wothandiza kwambiri pa thanzi la munthu:

• Kuyang'ana mtundu wa masamba ophatikizika, mutha kuthana ndi nkhawa, zovuta za kupsinjika, mutu, kupumula kwa chomera - njira imodzi yabwino kwambiri yogwirira ntchito;
• kuchiritsa kwamasamba ndi mthandizi wabwino kwambiri pakuwotcha, chifuwa ndi khungu.

Chisamaliro ku Afelandra kunyumba. Mwachidule

Mitundu ya zokongoletsera zam'madera otentha iyenera kudziwa kuti chomera ichi chimafuna chidwi chapadera Kuti munthu wakumaloko akhale womasuka komanso asangalale ndi kupuma kwamphamvu nthawi yayitali, amafunika kulenga zinthu zina zapadera, mwachitsanzo kuti azilabadira nthawi yotsatira yomwe amalima:

Chisamaliro ku Afelandra kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Zachilengedwe chakunyanja chimakhala chokhacho pokhapokha ngati chilengedwe chake chikukula komanso kutuluka, komwe chizolowere. Kuti duwa likhale lokopa komanso kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali, ayenera kudziwa tanthauzo lakhazikidwe kazomera.

Tikufika

Afelandra kunyumba imakhala yowoneka bwino ngati zoletsa za nyengo zina zimawonedwa pakubwera kwake. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yabwino yobzala chomera munyumba mumphika ndiko kuyamba kwa Marichi. Nthawi yamasika ndi nthawi yotentha chomera:

• imapeza feteleza wambiri, yomwe imathandizira kukula kwa mphukira;
• amakwanitsa kukonzekera maluwa.

Mukabzala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zadothi zopepuka, pomwe muyenera kuganizira mtundu wa mbewu zomwe zikuyenera kulimidwa panyumba. Zophatikiza zamagulu owala ndizokonda. Drainage base ndizovomerezeka.

Maluwa akuthengo

Chiyambireni chamaluwa cha kum'mwera chikugwa kumapeto kwa Ogasiti - koyambirira kwa Seputembala. Mapangidwe a inflorescence amatha kukhala miyezi iwiri. Kuchulukitsidwa kwa spikelets kumadalira msika wa mbeuyo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera feteleza.

Maluwa akuluakulu, achikasu, ofiira, (20 cm) pambuyo pofota ayenera kuchotsedwa. Ngakhale olima maluwa ambiri sachita izi ngati kuyesera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zipatso zazikuluzikulu zowoneka bwino.

Afelander amataya chakudya chambiri pantchitoyi, chifukwa cha kusungidwa kwazomera m'nyengo yozizira komanso nthawi ina, inflorescence iyenera kudulidwa nthawi.

Njira yotentha

"Mlendo" wa thermophilic Tropican amwalira pa kutentha kwa mpweya pansi + 10 ° C. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuvumbulutsa miphika ndi afelandra m'malo opumira kwambiri, kuti tiike pamakhola ozizira.

Samakonda duwa komanso malo osangalatsa kwambiri. Pa kutentha kwambiri (+ 26-35 ° C), mbewuyo ilibe nthawi yokwanira chinyezi ndi youma.

Kuwaza

Duwa la Afelander kunyumba likukula likufunika pazizindikiro za chinyezi. Kuthirira kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa kuzungulira kwa mizu ya mbewu, kotero njira zabwino kwambiri zowonjezera mlengalenga mkati:

• kupopera madzi m'malo omwe miphika za maluwa zimayikidwa;
• kutsitsi masamba
• kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa manyowa kuti akwaniritse ntchito zapakhomo.

Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kungakulitsenso chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimasunga chinyezi mumphika wa maluwa. Nthawi zambiri, utuchi umathandiza kukwaniritsa zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Amayikidwa mu wosanjikiza pang'ono dothi loyamba.

Kuwala

Kuunikira kwabwino ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa mbeuyo.

• Kuwala kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zapamwamba komanso zopanda mphamvu, kusowa kwa kuwala kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa kukula kwa mphukira, ndipo ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa kupangidwa kwa korona wandiweyani wa shrub.
• M'chilimwe, munthu wakunyanjaku amafunikira kuunikira kochulukirapo kuposa nthawi yachisanu yozizira, kotero wobzala safunikira kusintha njira zina zowonjezera nthawi ya masana.
• Masamba okongola a afelander amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ma radiation a ultraviolet.

Kuthirira

Chitsimikizo chokhala ndi moyo wautali kwambiri ndikutsirira koyenera.

• Kuti nyowetsa nthaka, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi okhazikika firiji.
• Kuthirira masamba a maluwa kumadzaza.

Mphika waku afelandra

Mukamasankha zitsamba zokulitsa zitsamba zakotentha kunyumba, makonda amayenera kupatsidwa miphika yotalika kuposa masentimita 15. Kukula kwakeko, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kukwaniritsa mawonekedwe ndi kulondola korona.

Ma CD a volumetric ndi olepheretsa kukula kwa mizu, ndipo izi zimachepetsa kukula kwa njira zomwe zidapangidwa.

Ground for afelandra

Dothi lodzala chomera chotentha litha kugulidwa mu malo ogulitsira mwachitsanzo, "Biogrunt", kapena pangani dothi lanulo. Zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndizosakanikirana ndi izi: peat, humus, mchenga, sod deciduous, makala, chakudya chamfupa, moss, vermiculite, coniferous kapena tsamba lamasamba.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kuti awonetsetse bwino, olima maluwa odziwa bwino amadyetsa zakum'mwera ndi feteleza wokongoletsa komanso wopanga maluwa mkati, komanso maluwa okhazikika, amasankha zitsanzo zokongoletsa maluwa.

Feteleza odziwika kwambiri a kumayiko akutali: "Energene", "Agricole", "Baikal-M1", "Bona Forte", "Gumi-omi". Kuthirira nthaka ndikulimbikitsidwa malinga ndi malangizo omwe akupanga feteleza.

Thirani

Chakumadzulo chimasanjidwa ndikuyenda kuchoka pachidebe chimodzi kupita kwina. Njirayi imafunikira kulocha nthaka mwatsopano, komanso kupenda mizu ya mbewu. Ngati ndi kotheka, mbali zowonongeka za mizu zimadulidwa. Kuyerekeza kuchuluka kwa dothi ndi zotayira mu mphika wa maluwa ziyenera kukhala 1: 3.

Kuika ndi koyenera kuchita kumayambiriro kwamasika. Ngati chomera chimafota, ndiye kuti kusinthika kwake sikofunikira mu miyezi ingapo ya chaka, kupatula nyengo yachisanu.

Kudulira

Ndikosatheka kuti musazindikire zakuthengo mu maluwa obiriwira. Korona wake wokongola yekha amakopa chidwi. Wense wobzala zokongoletsa amatha kupanga kukongola kotere. Mothandizidwa ndi kudulira, mutha kusintha chomera nthawi zina, makamaka kovulaza monga afelander.

Kusamalira kunyumba sikungachite popanda kuchotsedwa pamakina kwa mphukira zazitali, masamba owonongeka, zomwe zimathandizira kuti pakhale maluwa abwino pambuyo pake.

• Kudulira kumalimbikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa February mbewuyo isananyowe.
• Njira ina ndikuchotsa masamba kwa mphukira zazing'ono.

Kubala

Kufalikira ndi kudula

Olima maluwa ambiri nthawi zambiri amatengera njira yazomera zokulitsira zakum'mawa. Ndondomeko ndiyoyenera kuchita kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kapena koyambirira kwa dzinja.

Zotsatira za kudula kuli motere:

• kudula kwa kudula - ndikotheka kuzika masamba onse odulidwa, apical ndi masamba awiri achichepere, ndi tsinde;
• pokonza zodulidwa zodula ndi chowonjezera chowonjezera;
• kubzala zodula mumiphika ndi mchenga wonyowa kapena peat, kuyika zotengera pansi pagalasi kapena filimu;
• akugwirizira mbande pamalo otentha pa + 25 ° C, kuonetsetsa kupopera mbewu ndi mpweya wabwino kwa mwezi umodzi.

Kukula kwakumanja kwa mbewu

Kubzala mbewu zofunikira kumapeto kwa February - koyambirira kwa Marichi. Njira yamera yobzalira mbeu nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• kusonkha nthangala zakhwima;
• kukonzekera kwa nthaka kufesa - pepala lapansi, mchenga mulifupi 1 / ¼;
• kufesa mbewu;
• akugwirizira chidebe ndi mbande pansi pagalasi mu boma lotentha osapitirira + 20 ° С;
• chinyezi chadothi ndi mpweya wabwino;
• kugawa kwa mbande zamera;
• kudumphira pansi mphukira zolimba mbande za mbande yosakanikirana ndi dothi - tinthu tating'onoting'ono, dothi lamasamba
• transshipment wa mbande ndi masamba anayi osiyana maluwa miphika mpaka woyamba maluwa.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Ngati simutsatira malangizowo posamalira ziweto zam'madzi kunyumba zotentha, ngozi zakukula zamatenda osiyanasiyana zimachuluka. Chifukwa chake, mavuto otsatirawa ndi otheka:

• nsonga za masamba Afelanders pukuta - chipindacho chili ndi mpweya wouma;
• Imawola m'munsi mwa tsinde la shrub (tsinde zowola) - chinyezi chinyezi chambiri, kumazizira m'chipindacho;
• maluwa amakula pang'onopang'ono - kusowa kwa zovala zapamwamba, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wosayenera;
• sichimatulutsa - chonde chonde, kukaniza kudulira;
• mitengo yotaya masamba m'chilimwe - kukhudzana kwambiri ndi radiation ya ultraviolet, zolemba;
• masamba amagwa nthawi yozizira - chinyezi chosakwanira nthaka;
• maonekedwe a bulauni mawanga pamasamba - kutentha kwa dzuwa, kusowa kwa mpweya m'chipindacho;
• kuzimiririka - kutentha kochepa, kukonzekera, mizu;
• masamba owawa ndi kupindika ngati malangizo - kutentha kwambiri, kuwala kwambiri;
• masamba m'mbali Afelanders adakhala bulauni - Kukula kwa nkhungu ya masamba, matenda oyamba ndi fungus (mankhwalawa ndi fungicides amafunikira), mpweya wouma wamkati;
• masamba okhathamira - Kukula kwa imvi zowola;
• masamba akuda - Kukula kwa corini-sporic mawanga.

Kuchepa kwa Afelandra kutha kuchepetsedwa ndi tizirombo tating'onoting'ono: mealybug, aphid, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, whitefly, Mafunso Chachikulu, nematode.

Mitundu ya ma Homemade afelandra okhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Masiku ano, mitundu yoposa zana ya Aphelandra imadziwika, koma awiri okha ndi omwe achokera mu nyengo yotentha ndipo amapezeka kuti azilimidwa kunyumba:

Kuteteza kumayiko akutchire

Mtengowo ndi wobadwa ku Central America. Kutalika kwa mphukira kumafika masentimita 40-50, kutalika kwa masamba ndi ovate, kuloza, kuvekedwa ndi mitsempha yoyera - masentimita 30. Masamba a inflorescence ndi chikasu chowala ndi mabulangeti a lalanje, owoneka ngati kanga, kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita. Mphukira zopanda kanthu, zopaka utoto. Limamasula kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa nthawi yophukira.

Mtundu wa lalanje

Mtengowo ndi wobadwira ku Mexico. Kutalika kwa njirazo ndi masentimita 30-50. Masamba ali owumbidwa ndi dzira ndi mitsinje ya siliva ndi malire a wavy 20-25 cm. Tubular inflorescences ofaka owala a lalanje kapena lalanje-ofiira okhala ndi mawonekedwe obiriwira otambalala, kutalika kwa masentimita 10-15. Mphukira zazing'onoting'ono zofiirira, mphukira zokhwima zimakhazikika. Amadziwika ndi maluwa afupipafupi nthawi yoyambilira.