Nkhono yamphesa Icho chimatchulidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuvulazidwa komwe kumayambitsa mwa kudya mphesa. Nkhono zidayidyedwa kuyambira kale, osati kuziwona ngati zosangalatsa, koma, mosiyana, popeza zinalipo mbali iliyonse ya anthu.
Maonekedwe a nkhono
Thupi la nkhono liri, mwakayankhula, mwendo waukulu ndi mutu. Zimakhala zosasinthasintha komanso zotupa, mtunduwo ndi wofiirira, wofiirira kapena wachikasu. Pali zikopa zambiri m'thupi, zomwe zimasunthira pamtunda, zomwe zimathandizira kugonjetsa mtunda wautali. Msola wa munthu wamkulu, mwa chilengedwe, akhoza kutambasula mpaka masentimita 9, koma nkhono za mphesa zomwe zimakula kunyumba zimakhala zazikulu.
Pamutu muli: kutsegula pakamwa ndi awiri awiri a tinyanga-tchire. Gulu limodzi, kutsogolo, limapangidwira kumveka kwa fungo, lachiwiri, lomwe liri pambali pa diso, liri ndi maso openya, omwe sali kusiyanitsa mitundu, koma onani ndondomeko ya zinthu pamtunda wa masentimita imodzi. Mitsempha ya misomali imakhala yotetezeka kwambiri ndipo ikangotuluka kamodzi imachotsedwa mkati mwake. Chigoba cha misomali chimakhala chokwanira bwino, chophwanyika. Mtundu wa chipolopolo nthawi zambiri ndi wachikasu kapena wofiirira, ndipo nthiti yamtunduwu imalola kuti misomali ipeze chinyezi.
Mbali za moyo wa nkhono
Nkhono zikugwira ntchito yotentha: kuyambira April, May ndi mpaka chisanu choyamba. Pomwe nyengo imakhala yozizizira, imagwa mu hibernation (hibernation), imabisala m'nthaka, imatulutsa chisokonezo mpaka masentimita 30, kumene imadikirira kuzizira. Kawirikawiri m'chilengedwe, nkhono sikasintha "dzenje" lake. M'nyengo yozizira, ma mollusks amatseka "kulowa" kwa chipolopolocho ndi valavu yotsitsa, osasiya mwayi wochuluka wa mpweya. Kumapeto kwa chaka, nkhono zimatulutsa filimu yotetezera ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito ndikufunafuna chakudya. Zomera zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zake, zipatso, nkhono za mphesa zimadya, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri zimadya nthaka. Mwachitsanzo, mwamsanga atasiya anabiosis, nkhono, kudya pang'ono padziko lapansi, kubwezeretsanso kachilombo ka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kotero kuti chakudya chophweka chimachepa.
Masana, mollusks amakonda kukhala m'malo amvula, pansi pa miyala ikuluikulu kapena m'matanthwe akuluakulu, pansi pa mulu wa masamba. Ntchito ya nkhono imapezeka makamaka nyengo yamvula komanso pambuyo pake. Pa masiku owuma ndi otentha, zojambulazo zimakhazikika ndi filimu yopapuka pakamwa pa chipolopolo ndikudikirira kunja zovuta. Ena ammudzi amamatira ku makungwa a mitengo, kuyembekezera nthawi ya chilala. Kodi misomali imakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji? Pafupipafupi, mpaka zaka zisanu ndi zitatu, koma ngati sizidyanso ndi adani achilengedwe, monga hedgehogs, zimatha kukhala zaka makumi awiri.
Mukudziwa? Nkhono - zolengedwa zodabwitsa, chifukwa zimatha kubwezeretsanso ziwindi. Ngati kameneka kamatha kumera mchira wokha, wolumidwa ndi wonyama, ndiye kuti mollusks ikhoza kukulira ndi nsalu, ndi mbali ya mutu kwa mwezi umodzi.
Nkhono ntchito
Nkhono zikukula ndi cholinga chozidya. Nkhono lero imatengedwa kuti ndi yokoma kwambiri ndipo ili ndi phindu linalake: lili ndi calcium, chitsulo, magnesium, phosphorous, mkuwa, zinc; kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi mavitamini a gulu B, kupatulapo ma vitamini: E, K, A, PP. Nkhono zimathandiza amayi apakati, kukhala magetsi a calcium ndi magnesium, ana kuti akule, anthu achipembedzo omwe amateteza mofulumira ngati puloteni. France ndi Italy ndi otchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha mbale zawo zamakono.
Nkhono zobereketsa zimayanjananso ndi mankhwala. Makamaka, nkhono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza zowonongeka za broncho ndi lactins. Pa zinthu zothandiza zomwe zimapangidwa ndi misomali, mankhwala amapanga mankhwala omwe amawonjezera chitetezo chokwanira, anti-inflammatory drugs ndi machiritso a machiritso, komanso mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti matenda asokonezeke. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito nyama ya misomali kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a m'mimba.
Nkhono za mphesa ndi kachipatala kakang'ono ka cosmetology, kotero kuti kuswana kwawo panyumba kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi malamulo osiyanasiyana. Posachedwapa, kupaka minofu ndi maso kumatchuka. Mankhusu omwe amachitidwa ndi ziphuphu amadyetsa, amachepetsa ndi kusokoneza khungu. Glycolic acid, yomwe imapanga collagen, imayambitsa makwinya (ndi njira zowonongeka), imapangitsa khungu louma komanso imathandizira kuthana ndi kupsa mtima kapena kutupa.
Mukudziwa? Nkhono yaikulu kwambiri yomwe inali yolemera makilogalamu 2 inapezeka mu 1976 ku France. Nkhono yaikulu kwambiri ya m'nyanja ndi nkhono ya ku Australia ya thupi lonse mpaka mamita 30 ndipo imalemera makilogalamu 40.
Mitundu yobereketsa nkhono
Sayansi ya kubereketsa nkhono imagawidwa mu mitundu itatu, iliyonse yomwe ili yabwino mwa njira yake yomwe. Amagwirizanitsa zida zawo zosamalidwa komanso kumasuka kwawo.
Mtundu wambiri
Mtundu wambiri ndi njira yoberekera makola pafupi ndi kuthekera kwa chilengedwe cha moyo wawo. Njira yosunga makola a mphesa kunyumba ndi yabwino m'madera a minda yaing'ono, pokhapokha palibenso adani achilengedwe a mollusks: nkhono, mbewa, abuluzi ndi maluwa akuluakulu, achule, shrews ndi makoswe. Njira yowonjezereka ndiyo ndalama zochepa zogulira ndalama, pokhapokha - pa nthawi yayikulu yofunikira kuti mupeze zotsatira. Kulima kotereku kuli koyenera pa zikhalidwe za minda yamtunda kapena minda yamaluwa, popeza pano maonekedwe a nyama zowonongeka sizinawonongeke.
Mwachangu
Njira yowonjezera ili yoyenera kubereketsa misomali pamlingo waukulu. Pankhaniyi, nkhono zomwe zili m'mabotolo ndikuzisamalira zimafuna nthawi zonse. M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha kwake ndi chinyezi zimasungidwa, chakudya chokwanira chikuchitidwa. Nkhono zomwe zimapezeka m'mabotchi zimakula mofulumira kwambiri, choncho njira yolima kulimbikitsa kwambiri - zotsatira zake mwamsanga: kukula ndi kupanga caviar. Minus - njira iyi si yafamu yaing'ono, imafuna kubwezeredwa koyamba kwa ndalama ndi ndalama zakuthupi.
Semintense
Njira yochepa-yozama imadziwika ndi kuswana mollusks muzowola. Kwa iwo, shading ndi zina zowonjezera zinyontho zimalengedwa, komanso kudya zakudya zolimbitsa thupi. Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa njira zowonjezeretsa zokolola makola kunyumba. Ubwino wake pakugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochepa pa chakudya: Chakudya mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a herbaceous (burdock, dandelion, nettle, etc.) ndi zonyansa (kudula masamba ndi zipatso). Chosavuta cha mtundu umenewu ndi kukula pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi njira yowonjezera, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo kupulumutsira kumalo a mollusks, zakudya ndi kuyesetsa.
Momwe mungakhalire nkhono kunyumba
Mukhoza kukula nkhono panyumba ndikupanga zosavuta kumalo osungirako osatsekera kunja ndi kunja - m'nyumba za m'madzi komanso m'madzi. Kulima kumudzi kudzakhala kofunika, koma pakadali pano ma mollusks sangaopsezedwe ndi nyama zowonongeka ndipo kubzala kwake kumatha chaka chonse. Kukula mu greenhouses kumaperekanso zotsatira, komanso kuwonjezera momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito makoswe (kutentha ndi chinyezi), zomwe zimapangitsa mpata wabwino.
Kumene mungapeze nkhono za kuswana
Zomwe zinachitikira omenyera obereketsa amalimbikitsa kugula makoko ku Ulaya. Pali minda yopatsa mbewu ku France, Czech Republic, ndi Poland. M'malo osungirako Soviet, nkhono zikhoza kugula ku Adygea kapena ku Crimea.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kubala, mumafunika makoswe akuluakulu, omwe angathe kudziwika ndi kukula kwake kwa chipolopolo: muyeso wake ukhale wa masentimita 5. - mawiri angapo ochokera kwa ogulitsa osiyana.
Musamathyole mutu wanu pansi pazitsamba zogula, chifukwa nkhono za mphesa zimabala kwambiri. Ma mollusks ndi hermaphroditic; kuti abereke ana, anthu awiri, kugwira okhawo mapazi awo, kuwombera wina ndi mzake mtundu wa ziŵerengero. Mukatha kuika mazira, chomwe chidzakufunirani chisamaliro.
Zomwe zili ndi misomali
Kufunsa funso lakuti "Momwe mungakulire nkhono panyumba?", Choyamba sankhani komwe mungasunge. Pali njira zingapo: m'madera otseguka ndizotheka kupanga chidebe ndi makoma apansi ndi makonde otambasulidwa kuchokera pamwamba kuti ateteze mbalame. Ndi bwino kuti mawonekedwe a cholemberacho ndi amphongo, chifukwa zidzakhala zosavuta kusamalira ziphuphu. Mukhoza kuyika misomali m'madzi otchedwa aquarium kapena terrium, zidzakhala zomveka komanso zosavuta.
Zomangamanga zofanana ndi magalasi zimakhala zosavuta kuyeretsa (ndikofunikira kuyeretsa matanki ku ntchentche ndi ntchentche, mwinamwake tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizowonjezera). Ndikofunika kusamba madzi opanda madzi, koma ndi madzi okha. Pakatha miyezi inayi iliyonse, pakufunika kusintha nthaka, mwa njira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka m'phika, yomwe imamasulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.
Ndikofunikira! Kutentha ndi chinyezi zimathandiza kwambiri pakukula nkhono. Kutentha kotentha kuchokera ku +15⁰C +20, kutentha kwa mpweya kuchokera ku 75% mpaka 95%, nthaka - 80%. Ganizirani pamene nkhono zowuma kwambiri zimagwera mu hibernation, ndipo mvula yambiri ikhoza kufa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mpweya.
Zomwe mungadye nkhono, makamaka kusunga kwanu
Kodi mungadyetse bwanji nkhono kwanu? Nkhono ndizomwe zimayambitsa zitsamba komanso zipatso. Mndandanda wa zitsamba umaphatikizapo mayina oposa makumi atatu: plantain, dandelion, nettle, burdock, sorelo ndi ena. Mungagwiritse ntchito kusakaniza kwa zitsamba ndi tirigu, zomwe zimawathandiza kukhala ndi zakudya zamtunduwu zidzakhala magwero, mavitamini komanso mapuloteni a nkhono. Nthomba, maungu, kaloti, beets, nkhaka, strawberries ndi zipatso zina ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndizo makamaka amadya nkhono kunyumba. Ambiri obereketsa amakhala ndi mkaka wofukiza, mkate wophikidwa, koma mkhalidwe waukulu wa kusungirako ndiko kukhalapo kwa madzi mu aviary kapena m'nyanja. Ndikofunika kwambiri kwa achinyamata, pamene akupanga chipolopolo cholimba.
Lero, kuswana ndi kukweza misomali sikudabwitsa munthu aliyense. Nyama ya mollusk imeneyi imayamikiridwa ndi zakudya zake komanso nthawi imodzi imakhala yonyozeka kwambiri, komanso kuti palibe cholesterol chomwe chimapangidwa komanso kukoma kwake.
