Zaka makumi awiri kapena makumi atatu zapitazo, iwo sanamvepo za chakudya choyambirira ngati chakudya cha mchere ku maiko a Slavic, osayesa kapena kuphika mukhitchini yawo. Koma kusiyana kwakukulu kwa miyambo ya dziko lino m'nthawi yathu ikupezeka poyera. Wina amayesa mabokosi a ku Parisian mu resitora paulendo wokhala alendo, wina akuyang'ana zakudya zofanana ndizo m'madera a dziko lake, ndipo wina amasankha kuphika chakudya chokha. Tiyeni timvetsetse kufunika kwake kwa mchere woterewu, malamulo okonzekera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
Mchere wosadziwika kwambiri
Zipatso za mtengo wa mkuntho unakhala kalata yoyendera alendo ku Paris, chifukwa kumeneko mungathe kukumana ndi ogulitsa m'misewu, akuwotcha nkhuku zowonongeka. Kununkhira, komwe kumachitika kuzungulira kuzungulira, zakumwa ndi zamatsenga. 
Kununkhira uku, kukumbukira kununkhira kwa mkate watsopano wopangidwa chophika, kumapanga malo apadera a chitonthozo poyera. Ndipo polawa zakudya zoterozo, zimakhala zovuta kudzikana nokha gawo lina.
Mukudziwa? Chakudya chodziwika bwino chimenechi chinali chofala kwambiri nthawi isanayambe. Mwachitsanzo, ku Roma wakale, chithandizo choterocho chinkaperekedwa ngati chakudya cha anthu apamwamba komanso anthu apamwamba. Aleksandro Wamkulu, panthaŵi yomwe adalengeza ku East, adagwiritsira ntchito chestnuts monga cholowa chamtima ndi chopatsa thanzi m'malo mwake, chifukwa asilikali ake anatha kusamuka mpaka pano.
Mitedza imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya zamtengo wapatali, msuzi, mafupa, zimakhala ufa ndi mkate, maswiti komanso mitundu yonse ya zakudya. Komanso, zipatso zamatabwa zimaperekedwa ndi zakudya zophika nyama, ndi katsitsumzukwa ndi scallops, zinawonjezeredwa ndi mousse ndi malalanje ndi zina zambiri.
Pa madzulo am'madzulo, mabulosi amtengo wapatali amatsitsirana ndi vinyo wambiri, ndipo amapezeka pamodzi ndi Norman cider.
Chizolowezi chogulitsa mtedza wokazinga pamsewu sizodziwika kwa mizinda ya ku France, komanso Chiitaliya kapena Chituruki. Komabe, ku Paris kuli holide yapadera yoperekedwa kwa mabokosi. Pulogalamuyi imaphatikizapo zikondwerero, nyimbo, mpikisano ndi machitidwe a masewera oonera masewera.
Kodi mumadya nyama zotani?
Winawake amaganiza kale kuti mitengo ya mabokosi ikukula m'bwalo lake kapena kwinakwake pafupi, kotero mutha kusonkhanitsa zipatso zawo pakali pano ndikuyamba kuphika. Koma musathamangire kuganiza, chifukwa si onse omwe ali oyenera kudya. Mwachitsanzo, amene amakulira m'bwalo lanu ndi mtundu wa kansalu wa kavalo, ndipo anthu samadya.
Ili ndi mtundu wa fodya wa zipatso umene amaperekedwa kwa akavalo ndi ng'ombe. Kwa munthu, pali mitundu yofesedwa ya nkhuni. 
Mitundu ya mkuntho yomwe imavomerezedwa kuti idye chakudya ikuphatikizapo:
- Kulima kwa Ulaya nyengo;
- garish;
- Chinese (zofewa kwambiri);
- Asia Minor (ikukula ku Armenia, Azerbaijan ndi Krasnodar Krai).
Mitundu ina yonse ya mtedza wa mabokosi si abwino kwa izi.
Nkhono si mtengo wokha, komanso amadya zipatso zabwino - mtedza - mabokosi. Werengani zambiri za momwe mungamere nthiti ya msuzi, momwe mungamere ndi kusamalira mabokosi odyera, komanso muwerenge mndandanda wa mitundu yonse ya chestnuts.
Kuti tisiyanitse pakati pa zipatso zokadya ndi zosawerengeka za mtengo wa mabokosi, pali malamulo angapo ofunikira. Posiyanitsa kansalu ya kavalo ndi zakudya zodyera anthu, mukhoza kuganizira mfundo izi:
- Kusiyana kwa mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa pepala. Mabokosiwa amapezeka ndi masamba ambirimbiri, osasunthika kapena ozungulira.
- Kusiyana kwa mawonekedwe a inflorescences. M'zinthu zokadya, inflorescences ndi osasinthasintha, pamene ali ndi kavalo mitundu ikulumikizana, yofanana ngati mtengo wa Khirisimasi.
- Kukoma kwa zipatso zakupsa. Kavalo wa kansomba amamva kukoma, mbewu zimakhala zokoma pang'ono.
- Kavalo wamatchiwa ali ndi chipatso chimodzi chokha mkati (green amniotic capsule), yosavuta kwambiri ndi mtedza wawiri.
- Plyuska kavuni wobiriwira wobiriwira, pali pangТono kakang'ono. Kufesa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kumakhala ndi kukhalapo kwa minga yambiri komanso yofiirira ya pluses.
Mitundu yonseyi imagwirizanitsidwa ndi imodzi yokha: zipatso zawo zimakhala zofanana ndi mtundu wofiirira komanso zosalala ndi tinthu tating'ono toonongeka.
Kuwerenga zomwe zilipo
Mfundo yofunika kumvetsetsa ubwino ndi phindu la zipatso izi kwa thupi la munthu ndi zomwe zili ndi micronutrients, minerals ndi mavitamini.
Mavitamini ndi mchere
Ziyenera kuzindikiridwa nthawi yomweyo kuti chestnuts ndi nkhono za mtedza, choncho zimakhala zofanana kwambiri. Zipatso za msuzi zimakhala zowonjezera, zowonongeka, zomera zosiyanasiyana ndi amino acid. Iwo ali ndi folic acid, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa thupi lathu. 
Pano pali sucrose, shuga ndi fructose, mavitamini A ndi E, komanso mzere wonse wa ma vitamini B.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengoyi ndi yokhayo yomwe ili ndi vitamini C.
Kuonjezera apo, mtedza wa mabokosi uli ndi zinthu zing'onozing'ono komanso zazikulu. Mwachindunji ndilo kupezeka kwa:
- chitsulo;
- potaziyamu;
- sodium;
- phosphorus;
- calcium;
- mkuwa;
- magnesiamu.
Kalori ndi BJU
Katemerayu ndi wamtengo wapatali kwambiri, popeza pali makilogalamu 180 mu 100 magalamu a mtedza. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mankhwala opitirira 60 peresenti ndi chakudya chamtengo wapatali kwambiri, zopitirira 30% amaperekedwa kwa mapuloteni ndi mitsempha, ndipo zosakwana 10 peresenti zimatsalira mafuta. 
Mitedza iyi ndi mafuta ochepa kwambiri, choncho odyetsa ndi anthu omwe amawonerera kulemera kwawo nthawi zambiri amawaphatikiza nawo pa chakudya chawo cha tsiku ndi tsiku. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zipatso za mtengo wa mabokosi zimakhala zowonjezera komanso zowonjezera, zimakhutitsa njala kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo sizimayikidwa m'madera ovuta. Inde, ndipo mafuta omwe ali mkati mwawo amakhala okhutira, ndipo amachedwa kubwezeretsedwa ndi thupi.
Werengani za phindu la mtedza monga: Manchu, mtedza, wobiriwira, Brazil, pine, pecans, hazelnuts, hazelnut ndi cashews.
Kodi n'zotheka kudya kansalu yaiwisi
Mtedza wa kabokosi amatha kudyedwa yaiwisi, ndiko kuti, kuchokera pamtengo. Koma choyamba ndikofunika kuti peel ndi gloss filimu ku chipatso. Izi zimakhala nthawi yambiri, kotero zidzakhala zosavuta kuzikonzekera. Pali maphikidwe ambiri pa nkhaniyi, ndipo ndithudi mudzapeza chinachake chomwe mukufuna.
Komanso, zipatso zosapsa zilibe pfungo losangalatsa komanso lopweteketsa, choncho simungapeze chilichonse chapadera, chosaiwalika. 
Kodi kuphika zokoma
Ntchito yaying'ono kukhitchini, mumadya chakudya chokhala ndi chikondi chapadera chomwe sichidzasiya aliyense, ndipo nyumba yanu idzadzaza ndi zokoma zapadera zapadera za Paris. M'munsimu talemba zochepa zomwe mungachite popanga chipatso cha msuzi.
Chestnuts yokazinga
Pa mbale iyi muyenera:
- bolodi;
- mpeni;
- spatula kapena supuni kuti mutembenuzire chestnuts;
- Poto yophika ndi chivindikiro (zabwino koposa zonse zakale, monga mtedza wofiira amachotsa zipsera zosasaka ndipo nthawi zambiri amawotcha).
Ndikofunikira! Pa sitovu yamagetsi simungathe kukoka mabokosi abwino molondola. Pofuna kukonzekera bwino mukufunikira kutsegula moto, kapena mpweya wozizira.
Mafuta, mchere ndi zina zowonjezera ndi zipangizo sizidzafunika.
Zosakaniza Ziyenera
Zakudya za chestnuts (monga momwe zimakhalira mu poto yanu).
Chinsinsi chotsatira ndi sitepe
- Sambani mtedza bwinobwino.
- Zipatso zonse ziyenera kudulidwa, koma osati kumapeto, koma pafupifupi pakati. Choncho mtedza wanu akonze mwamsanga.
- Tsopano yikani mtedza pa poto, pansi pomwe pansi.
- Mwachangu kwa mphindi zisanu pamoto, pezani poto ndi chivindikiro kuti zipatso zisamaume.
- Tembenuzani mtedza. Panthawiyi adzakhala omasuka kwambiri. Ngati mbali yamtendere ya mwanayo imakhala yakuda, ndiye kuti nkofunika kuchepetsa moto. Kenaka, mutseka mtedza wouma movutikira ndi chivindikiro ndi kuzunzidwa kwa maminiti ena khumi.
- Ndiye muyeneranso kuteteza chipatso ndikuchikonzanso pa kanyumba kakang'ono ka gasi, kapena kuchepetsa moto kwambiri.
- Mu njirayi, chipatso chiyenera kukhala mu poto kwa maminiti khumi ndi asanu, kenako amatha kuyika pa mbale.
- Dikirani mpaka mtedza utakhazikika, ndiye pitirizani kuwatsuka ku peel yopsereza.
Ndi bwino kudya mabulosi amtunduwu atangotha kuyeretsa, pamene akadali otentha. Akamazizira kwambiri, kukoma kumatha pang'ono.
Zophika zophika
Kusiyanitsa kwa njira iyi yokonzekera kuchokera kumbuyomu ndikuti pamene mukuphika nkhuku sizimapsa, choncho sikofunikira kupanga punctures kapena kudula.
Zosakaniza Ziyenera
Zakudya zapamadzi ndi madzi.
Chinsinsi chotsatira ndi sitepe
- Lembani mtengo wamasitini ndi madzi. Zomwe zimabwera sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ayenera kuchotsedwa.
- Thirani chipatso mu mphika ndikuphimba ndi madzi kuti madzi awaphimbe kwathunthu.
- Pambuyo kuwira, kuphika kwa maminiti makumi awiri, kenako sungani madzi otsala ndi maminiti asanu mu sepu ndi chivindikiro chatsekedwa.
- Kenaka, muyenera kuika mtedza pa mbale ndipo, pambuyo pokuzizira pang'ono, perekani. Simukuyenera kuyimitsa ndi kuyeretsa, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kuti muzithetse pamene mutakhazikika.
- Mtedza woterewu ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku supu ndi mafupa, nkhuku zowakulungidwa ndi iwo, kapena kupanga mbatata yosenda. Kuti muchite izi, onjezerani mkaka ndi mafuta ku mtedza wa nut, monga mbatata yosenda. Kawirikawiri, mabokosi ali ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi mbatata, kuphatikizapo kukoma.
Zamagetsi
Njira yachitatu yakuphika mabokosi amodziwa. Njira iyi ndi imodzi mwachangu kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Ku Girisi wakale, m'misewu ya mizinda yambiri anthu amatha kupeza malo onse a chestnuts, chifukwa anthu adathawa njala pa nkhondo zambiri, pamodzi ndi sieges. Mitengo yoyamba idabzalidwa ndi Agiriki mumidzi ya chikoloni ku gombe la Black Sea inali mabokosi a chestnuts.
Zosakaniza Ziyenera
Zakudya za chestnuts ndi zikopa.
Chinsinsi chotsatira ndi sitepe
- Sambani kutsuka ndi kuuma zipatso za mtengo wa mkuta pa thaulo.
- Pangani chosowa chokhala ngati mtanda pambali ya chipatso. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, zikhoza kuphulika.
- Ikani mtedza podula pansi (pansi) pamphika wophika, musanayike pansi ndi pepala.
- Kuphika pa 200 ° C kwa mphindi 15-17.
- Ikani mtedza wokonzeka pa mbale ndi peel.
Kodi n'zotheka ku mabokosi
Tiyeni tipeze zomwe zili ndi amayi omwe ali ndi pakati, amayi oyamwitsa, makanda ndi ana, chifukwa nawonso, akufuna kusangalala ndi zokondweretsa zonse.
Amayi ndi otupa
Zipatso izi zimalangizidwa kuti zigwiritse ntchito anthu ovutika maganizo, opsinjika ndi olemetsa, komanso kuphwanya thupi. Zimakhala zochepa kwambiri za ma microelements ndi mavitamini kuti amayi onse omwe ali ndi pakati ndi omwe akuyamwitsa amapezeka, chifukwa gawo lina la thupi lawo limasamutsidwa kwa mwanayo.
Choncho, kudya zakudya za chestnuts sizingatheke, koma kofunika kuti onse omwe ali ndi pakati ndi odyetsa - mtedzawu uli wolemera mumagulu ambiri ofunika, kuphatikizapo folic acid, zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa mkaka wa m'mawere.
Komanso ali ndi calorie yochepa, yomwe ndi yofunika, chifukwa nthawi ya amayi oyembekezera nthawi zambiri amapeza mapaundi owonjezera. Zipatso za mitengo ya mabokosi sizowonongeka mwakuya uku.
Ndikofunikira! Potassium amachititsa chestnuts njira yabwino yopezera kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuthetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi). Makamaka, amathandiza kusintha ma circulation magazi ndi kuyendetsa magazi.
Zambiri zokhudzana ndi zopindulitsa za chestnuts:
- Vitamini B2 imachepetsa zotsatira za khungu lokalamba; imathandizanso kuti munthu akhale ndi thanzi la maso;
- mafupa ndi mano amalimbikitsidwa chifukwa cha phosphorus;
- kusowa tulo kumatetezedwa chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa amino acid monga tryptophan;
- mtedza umateteza dongosolo la mitsempha chifukwa cha vitamini B ndi phosphorous;
- high fiber zokhudzana zimathandiza chimbudzi;
- Matenda a chifuwa amathandizidwa ndi matenda a impso, chifukwa cha potaziyamu wambiri;
- kuthandizani kukumbukira kukumbukira;
- zabwino kwa matenda oopsa kwambiri ndi matenda a mtima.
Ana ndi ana
Ana sakulimbikitsidwa kuti ayambe kudyetsa ndi mabokosi, chifukwa izi zidzakhala zolemetsa kwambiri chifukwa cha zofooka zawo za m'mimba. Ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi thupi la mwana limaperekedwa mokwanira ndi zinthu zonse zofunika ndi mavitamini ochokera mkaka wa amayi. 
Choncho, n'zotheka kulowa zakudya za mwana wamphongo kuchokera chaka chimodzi, ndipo makamaka kuyambira zaka zitatu, pamene mimba yayamba kale kuzindikira ndi kudya chakudya choterocho.
Ndikofunikira! Lowani mu zakudya za mwana wa chestnuts ayenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono, osati achangu. Mwanjira iyi, mimba idzakhala yabwino kusintha ndikudya ndikudya zakudya zolemetsa.
Kwa ena onse, palibe malire. Kwa ana, komanso akuluakulu, mtedzawu udzakhala wofunika kwambiri.
Ndani sangadye chestnuts: zovulaza ndi zotsutsana
Ambiri, ngati si onse, zopangira zakudya zili ndi mbali zabwino komanso zoipa. Mtedza wa mkuta sizomwezo. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zingakhale monga:
- kusalana;
- shuga;
- atonic kudzimbidwa;
- gastritis;
- magazi osalala;
- chithandizo;
- matenda a chiwindi ndi impso;
- kusamba kwa msambo;
- kukhudzidwa ndi matenda;
- kupititsa patsogolo.
Ngati simudanyalanyaza malangizidwewa, ndiye kuti simungathe kukuvulazani ndi thupi lanu. Chinthu chachikulu - kutsatila muyeso. Tulutsani mankhwalawa mu zakudya zanu pang'onopang'ono, penyani zomwe thupi lanu likuchita. Ngati mawonetseredwe a mitundu yambiri sakuwonetseratu, mungathe kuonjezera bwino.Anthu omwe sangafune kukonda mafano m'misewu ya Paris akhoza kukonza ngodya yawo ku France kunyumba, ndikudzaza khitchini yawo ndi fungo lapadera la mtedza wokazinga. Izi zokondweretsa sizidzasiya aliyense wopanda chidwi, kupatulapo, zili ndi katundu wothandiza kwambiri zomwe zingathandize kukhala ndi thupi la vitamini ndi mineral. Pali mchere wochokera ku chipatso cha mtengo wa mabokosi si zokoma zokha, komanso zothandiza.
