Spathiphyllum

Spathiphyllum (Spathiphyllum) - wowuma wosazungulira wochokera ku banja la Aroid. Spathiphyllum imabwera kuchokera kumadera otentha a Central ndi South America. Mitundu ina imachokera ku Indonesia ndi Islands Islands.

Mtengowo umakongoletsedwa chifukwa cha masamba obiriwira amdima amitundu yosonkhanitsidwa mu rosette yoyambira yotalika 30cm mpaka 1 mita. Tizilomboti timatulutsa maluwa mwachidule, tsinde kulibe. Masamba ndi chowulungika, kuloza pamwamba, wokhala ndi mtsempha wapakati. Ziweto zazitali, zokulira pansi.

Mtundu wa inflorescence ndi cob wokutidwa ndi chivundikiro choyera cha chipale chofewa. Mitundu yambiri, ngakhale ilinso ndi kuwala kobiriwira. Pambuyo pamaluwa, pakatha milungu 6 mpaka 10, chivundikirocho chimakhala chobiriwira.

Zothandiza komanso zovulaza za spathiphyllum

Maluwa amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi amodzi oyeretsa mpweya ochokera kumaukidwe osiyanasiyana amakankhwala osokoneza bongo - benzene, formaldehyde, trichlorethylene ndi ena, komanso kuchokera ku acetone ndi magesi akumwa. Malinga ndi mabuku ena, imathandizira mawonekedwe a nkhungu.

Komabe, monga zina zambiri zosagwirizana, zimakhala ndi makhristali a oxalate omwe angayambitse mkwiyo pamlomo, lilime komanso ngakhale laryngeal edema, ngati mwadzidzidzi mwana wamng'ono aganiza kuyesa tsamba kuti alawe.

Zizindikiro ndi zikhulupiriro

Pakati pa olima dimba, malingaliro osemphana mphamvu yamphamvu yakunyumba amatumizidwa - ena akukhulupirira kuti amathamangitsa amuna mnyumba, pomwe ena, motsutsana, akutsimikiza kuti amathandizira kupeza mnzake womanga naye banja. Sizachabe kuti duwa limatchedwa "chisangalalo chachikazi."

Amati mukadzakulitsa limodzi ndi anthurium - "chisangalalo chachimuna", mgwilizano ndi kumvetsetsana zizipezeka mnyumbamo. Ndikwabwino kuwabzala mumphika umodzi, komabe, ambiri omwe amalima maluwa amakayikira zamtunduwu - zikhalidwe za chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro zimasiyana kwambiri muzomera.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zamatsenga zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi duwa zimakopa kukopa kwa chikondi ndi kuyambanso kwa kutenga pakati kwakudikirira. Ndipo zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa zidzachitika mutangomaliza kuphukira kwa spathiphyllum.

Ngati duwa liziuma, ndiye kuti chisangalalo chimachoka m'banjamo. Chomera sichilola kunyanyala ndi kukangana mchipindacho, nthawi yomweyo chimagwa masamba opanda moyo. Kaya zizindikirozi ndizowona kapena ayi, wokolola aliyense ayenera kusankha yekha.

Zomwe zimachitika posamalira pakhomo (Mwachidule)

Kusamalira spathiphyllum kunyumba

Kuyambira maluwa atha kukonzanso nyumba zawo mosangalala ndi chomera, chifukwa sizikukakamiza zapamwamba pazomwe zili.

Maluwa spathiphyllum

Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, spathiphyllum imadziwika ndi maluwa ataliatali - kuchokera pa imodzi ndi theka mpaka miyezi 2.5, ndipo iyi ndiye mwayi wake waukulu. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amatengedwa mu inflorescence-cob - amuna ndi akazi omwe. Mbewu zakunyumba sizimanga, chifukwa mapangidwe ake amafunika kupukutidwa ndi njuchi yapadera.

Kukula kwa cob kumasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa spathiphyllum, koma mtundu wake umakhala woyera nthawi zonse, wobiriwira nthawi zina. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chomera chimatchedwa "bwato loyera", ngakhale "chisangalalo chachikazi" ndi dzina lodziwika bwino.

Malinga ndi nthano, mulungu wamkazi wachikondi paartarte patsiku laukwati wake adapumira pang'ono kachisangalalo chake kukaluwa kuti awapatse atsikana onse akwati. Dzina la botanical la mbewu limaphatikizidwanso ndi inflorescence ndipo limamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Greek yakale ngati pepala lophimba.

Spathiphyllum itatha, muvi uyenera kudulidwa kumunsi komwe

Njira yotentha

Spathiphyllum - mbewu zimatha kutentha ndipo nthawi zambiri zimangokhalira kukhazikika kutentha kwapakatikati kuchokera pakati +18 mpaka +25 kuposa zero. Kutentha kumalekeredwa pokhapokha ngati pakuwoneka chinyezi chokwanira, koma chofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo sichidutsa 32 degrees. M'nyengo yozizira, ndikosayenera kulola kutentha kwa thermometer kutsika kuposa 15 digiri. Maluwa sakonda kukonzekera komanso kuzizira, komwe kumawombera pawindo lotseguka.

Kuwaza

Chinyezi ndi gawo lofunikira pakulima kwa spathiphyllum. Chomera chimakonda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, makamaka kutentha kwa chilimwe.

Komabe, mtengowo umatha kusintha mpweya wouma wokhala ndi chinyezi chosaposa 40-50%.

Kuwala

Akatswiri amakangana pa zomwe mbewu imafunikira pakuwala: ena amati imakhala yololera, ena, mmalo mwake, amakonda kuwala kowala, koma kuyatsa. Dzuwa lolunjika limawononga masamba owala, kusiya malo owotcha. Kuperewera kwa nyali kumakhudza kusasiyana kapena maluwa.

Choyenera duwa ndikuyenera kuyika pazenera lakum'mawa kapena chakumadzulo, lomwe limasungunuka nthawi yakutentha, komabe, ngakhale ndikuwunikira, mbewuyo imakula bwino.

Kuthirira

Spathiphyllum imafunikira chonyowa chokhazikika, koma osati chonyowa nyemba zadothi. Zomera nthawi yomweyo zimakhudza chinyontho m'nthaka ndikutsitsa masamba, komabe, turgor imachira mwachangu mutathirira.

Duwa silimalola kuwumitsa kwa dothi losakanizika, mbali ya mizu imafa, ndipo zikuwoneka kuti masamba, omwe adabwezeretsa kutalikirana kwawo, nthawi zambiri amasinthira chikaso ndikuuma. Nyowetsani spathiphyllum katatu pa sabata pakatha kutentha kwa chilimwe ndi madzi ofewa, okhazikika. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata. Komabe, amayesetsa kuti asasokere madzi mu poto ndikuthira madzi owonjezera.

Ground for spathiphyllum

Mbewuyi imakulidwa mu gawo limodzi lachonde lophatikiza magawo ofanana:

• humus
• peat nthaka
• pepala ndi mchenga kuphatikiza kawiri gawo la malo owetera.

Zonse zimaphatikizidwa bwino ndipo zidutswa zingapo zing'onozing'ono za njerwa ndi makala zimawonjezeredwa. Dongo lokulitsa kapena dothi lamiyala limayala pansi pa chomera.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Chomera chimakhala chikuvala nthawi zonse pachilimwe komanso nthawi yachisanu ngati chimapitilirabe msipu, koma sichinapume. Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Seputembu, duwa la spathiphyllum m'chipindamo limaphatikizidwa masiku onse 15-20 ndi feteleza wovuta wa michere yemwe ali ndi zomwezi za potaziyamu, phosphorous ndi nayitrogeni. M'nyengo yozizira, kuvala pamwamba kumachepetsedwa kamodzi pamwezi ndipo feteleza wapadziko lonse wokhala ndi mlingo wochepetsedwa wa nayitrogeni amasankhidwa.

Kuyika kwa Spathiphyllum

Zoyerekezera zazing'ono za spathiphyllum zimafunikira kupatsidwa kwachaka.

Zomera zokhwima zambiri zitha kuziika mu maluwa ochulukirapo nthawi zambiri - kamodzi pa zaka 3-5. Komabe, pa chomera chilichonse, ndikofunikira kupanga chisankho pamwini - mwachangu tchire chokulirakudya chomwe chili ndi ana ambiri aakazi amatha kudzaza mumphika, ndipo amakana kutulutsa.

Poika mbewu, simuyenera kusankha poto womwe ndi wokulirapo kuposa kale. Mizu yake imapanga danga lamkati la chotengera kwa nthawi yayitali kuti liwononge maluwa.

Kudulira

Spathiphyllum yakunyumba safuna kudulira pafupipafupi. Ndikofunika kuchotsa zonyowa mwachangu munthawi yake kuti ndiyambe maluwa obwereza, komanso kudula masamba achikasu kumunsi kwenikweni.

Kubala kwa Spathiphyllum

Kunyumba, mmera umachulukana pokhapokha pochokerana ndikugawa mphukira m'magawo angapo. Ndikofunikira kuti gawoli lililonse lizikhala ndi mizu yathanzi komanso mtengo wokhwima wa masamba. Nthawi zina sizingatheke kupatulira njere ndi mizu kuchokera kwa chomera cha kholo. Pankhaniyi, iyenera kuyamba kuzika mizu m'madzi, kenako ndikubzalidwe mu dothi losakaniza mbeu zokulira m'mphala.

Ndizothekanso kufalitsa mbewu ndi mbewu, koma kubzala zinthu ndizovuta kupeza mu shopu yamaluwa, ndipo njirayi imakhala nthawi yambiri komanso nthawi yambiri.

• Kuwaza mizu chifukwa chinyezi zambiri zapadziko lapansi.
• Malangizo a tsamba la brown spathiphyllum akuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa vutoli kumayambiriro kwa mawonekedwe ake, ngakhale atha kuwonetsa malo owuma komanso kufunika kwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
• Masamba amtundu onetsani kuwala kochulukirapo.
• Kutulutsa masamba nthawi zonse amauza wobzala za nthawi yothirira. Zowona, mmera nthawi zambiri umayankha chinyezi chambiri pochulukitsa masamba.
• Masamba ozungulira kokha pamtunda wotsika kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri.
• Kukula moyipa osatha chifukwa chosowa dothi losakanizika ndi manganese ndi chitsulo, kapena kusakwanira chifukwa cha kuzizira kapena kutsika kwa mpweya kwa mpweya.
• Masamba amapindika ndi kutsika kwa chipinda.
• Masamba osanduliza chikasu spathiphyllum pakuzimitsa duwa ndi madzi kwambiri.
• Kodi sikuti pachimakengati mbewuyo ilibe kuwala kapena chinyezi chokwanira. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa chokana kukokolola sichimadyedwa mosadukiza kapena kusakhalitsa kwa zinthu zina. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kuyambitsa maluwa pongosunthira mphika wamaluwa m'malo abwino.
• Zinyalala pamasamba chimatchedwa chinsinsi cha kuterera kumatumbo, pomwe mbewuyo imachotsa chinyezi chambiri. Amadziwika ndi odziimira ambiri ndipo samayimira vuto posamalira.

Pakati pa tizirombo pa spathiphyllum, tizilombo tambiri timadziwika - nsabwe, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tchuthi, mealybugs ndi whiteflies, koma akangaude amakhumudwitsa osatha.

Mitundu ya homeopathic spathiphyllum yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Paulimi wamkati, otchuka kwambiri ndi mitundu yambiri ya spathiphyllum kuchokera 50 odziwika mu chilengedwe:

Kufalikira kwa Spathiphyllum (S. floribundum)

Chomera chokhala ndi rosette wandiweyani, nthawi zina chimakhala ndi masamba 40, glossy ndi emerald amdima, 20-25 cm. Chimatha kutulutsa pachaka, inflorescence ndi yoyera komanso yachikaso.

Spathiphyllum cannifolia (S. cannifolium)

Masamba amtunduwu amafanana ndi masamba a canna ndipo amafikira theka la mita kutalika. Khutu la mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira wokutidwa ndi chotchinga chofiyira choyera. Amamasuka ndi chisamaliro chabwino kawiri pachaka: mu Epulo-Juni komanso kumapeto kwa Novembala.

Spathiphyllum Wokongola (S. blandum)

Imakhala ndi chotchinga chobiriwira chobiriwira chomwe chimakutidwa ndi masamba akuluakulu ozunguliridwa ndi masamba akuluakulu mpaka 20-35 cm kutalika kwa petioles, mpaka 30-40 cm.

Spuniphyllum Supuni woboola pakati (S. cochlearispathum)

Mawonekedwe amtali omwe amatha kutalikirana mpaka mita. Masamba ndi akulu, pafupifupi 35-40 masentimita, kutalika kwa masentimita 70. Chizindikiro cha inflorescence ndichikasu pachiwongola maluwa, kumapeto kwake chimakhala chakuda. Pabedi pali zoyera ndipo ndi zomata bwino ngati boti.

Spathiphyllum Wallis (S. wallisii)

Zachikale kuyambira 30 mpaka 60 cm kutalika kwake ndi masamba opindika mpaka 25c. M'mphepete mwa masamba masamba ndi wavy. Maluwa amayambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, kachiwiri m'dzinja kapena nthawi yozizira. Khutu ndi la chikasu chopepuka, lotakutidwa ndi chikuto choyera cha chipale chofewa, katatu kuposa khutu.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri:

Chopin - yaying'ono yosapitirira 30-35 masentimita omwe amakhala ndi maluwa onunkhira okhala ndi mabedi ataliitali okhala ndi nsonga yosongoka;

Chisoni - adaganiza za mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yolimidwa m'nyumba, yotalika masentimita 150, ndi masamba pafupifupi 80 cm;

Picasso - mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi masamba oyera obiriwira pamasamba;

Cupido - Dutch hybrid yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osadziwika amamabedi - okwera komanso opendekera kumtunda, ojambulidwa mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yobiriwira.

Spathiphyllum ndiyotchuka kwambiri m'maluwa am'maluwa chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira komanso kusamalira kosavuta, kupezeka ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene omwe amadziwa bwino zoyambira zazomera.