Verbena ndi chikhalidwe chokongoletsera, choyamikiridwa ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha mtundu wake wolemera wamitundu ndi mitundu yambiri. Chomwe chimakonda kwambiri ndi verbena yokwera - mitundu yowala modabwitsa. Udzuwu sungopezeka m'minda yamalimi oyambira okha, komanso m'mapaki otchuka omwe amakongoletsedwa ndi opanga mawonekedwe.
Mbiri ya verbena
Dzinalo la verbena lochokera ku Roma, lodziwika bwino kuchokera m'zaka za zana la XVIII. Itha kupezeka m'mabuku akale ndikulongosola za machiritso. M'mayiko osiyanasiyana muli nkhani momwe chikhalidwe chimatchedwa misozi ya Isis, mtsempha wa Venus kapena udzu wopatulika. Malinga ndi nthano yachikristu, verbena idapezeka koyamba pa Phiri la Kalvari, pomwe Yesu Khristu adapachikidwa. Anamutchingira mabala kuti magazi asiye kutuluka.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mutha kupeza pachimake nyengo yonse
Pali mitundu yoposa 250 ya maluwa oimira awa. Kuchuluka kwa mitundu yokongoletsera kumakula ku USA, pa kontrakitala yochokera ku Chile kupita ku Canada. Zitsamba zamankhwala zimakula ku Europe ndi Far East.
Makhalidwe
- chitsamba mpaka 40 cm;
- masamba oyera, oyera, amtundu wamaluwa;
- masamba osokoneza.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito udzu:
- Zolinga zokongoletsera zamaluwa: kupanga zowoneka bwino, mapiri ndi mapiri;
- kulimbikitsa chilimbikitso ndi kudzutsa kusinkhira mu mankhwala;
- mizu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira nkhaka kuti iwapatse fungo lonunkhira.
Verbena amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu aromatherapy kuti achepetse kutopa ndikusintha machitidwe.
Osayamba kapena pachaka?
Njira yodzala idalira magawo angapo a chitsamba ichi, ndikofunikira kudziwa musanakonze chiwembu kapena munda. Malamulo a chisamaliro amasiyana, kutengera ngati muyenera kubzala mbande zatsopano chaka chilichonse. Kusamalira koyenera kumathandizira kuti maluwa ake azikhala otakataka komanso azikhala nthawi yayitali.
Verbena ndi nthumwi yoimira maluwa, yomwe imalekerera kutentha ndi chilala chochepa. Komabe, chitsamba sichimalimbana ndi chisanu, chifukwa chake, ku Russia chimawonedwa pachaka. Sizimapezeka mu kugwa kuti isunge mpaka kupendekera. Mtunduwu umalimidwa muzibzala ndi miphika, pamakhonde ndi pazenera la sill. Ampoule Verbena imafunika nyengo yabwino kuti ipulumuke nyengo yachisanu ku Russia. Nthawi zambiri wamaluwa amatenga mbande kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachilimwe. Kuphatikiza apo, obereketsa chaka chilichonse amatsogolera zatsopano za maluwa omwe amazolowera kwambiri ku Russia.
Zambiri! Chikhalidwe chazaka chimodzi sichimazika dothi lolemera, ndipo dzuwa likafika, maluwa amakula pang'ono komanso opanda kanthu.
Chisanu chisanachitike, amakumba chitsamba ndi dothi lapansi ndikusunthira kuchipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kosaposa 10 ° C. Ichi ndichikhalidwe cha thermophilic chomwe chimafuna kuwala. Kuwala ndikulimbikitsidwa m'malo otseguka ndi mwayi wopezeka ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Pamthunzi, mphukira idzatambasuka, ndipo maluwa akutuluka. Panthawi yokhala chinyezi chachikulu, pamakhala mwayi wopezeka ndi matenda omwe ali oopsa kwa verbena.
Verbena masamba ochulukitsa omwe amafalitsidwa ndikudula ndi mphukira
Zosiyanasiyana za Verbena zopambana
Pachikhalidwe, ndi mitundu ya hybrid yokhayo yomwe imapezeka, yopezeka pakuwoloka zosankha zabwino kwambiri. Mitundu yokhala ndi masamba owala a mithunzi yofiirira, ya buluu ndi yofiirira ndiyodziwika kwambiri.
- Tiara Red Imp. Zosiyanasiyana ndizosasamala mu chisamaliro, zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kubowoleza komanso kutalika kwamaluwa. Ubwino waukulu ndikukana kukana chilala ndi chisanu mpaka −3 ° C;
- Zowonera Zakuwononga. Zomera zazomera zosiyanasiyana mpaka mpaka 20 cm.Yokwanira kubzala m'makaseti m'miphika kapena m'mapulogalamu okhala ndi masentimita 12. Nthambi, sizifunikira kutsina. Mtengowo uli ndi inflorescences yayikulu. Zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana ndi powdery mildew;
- Zosiyanasiyana za verbena ampelous imaginous ndi mitundu yosavomerezeka yozizira. Ndizoyenera malo onse otseguka ndi miphika ndi mabasiketi opachikika. Ikufalikira mphukira ndi maluwa ambiri munyengo kuyambira Juni mpaka Frost woyamba. Kutalika mpaka 30 cm;
- Imathandizira Pichesi. Mitunduyo imayamikiridwa chifukwa cha maluwa ake ambiri a kirimu komanso maluwa ambiri. Mphukira imafika 50 cm kutalika;
- Nyenyezi ya Estrella Voodoo. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi maluwa akuluakulu osiyanasiyana. Kutchuka kwambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mithunzi ya lilac yokhala ndi mawanga oyera. Sichifuna kuthirira pafupipafupi ndi madzi;
- Amethyst ndichikhalidwe chofanizira mpaka kutalika kwa 30 cm.Nyengo yonse ya chilimwe imamasula: kuyambira June mpaka Seputembara. Mikhalidwe yamtundu: pamtambo wamtambo wabuluu wokhala ndi malo oyera mkati mwa bud;
- Lanai Candy Kaye. Wophatikiza watsopano wokhala ndi masamba akulu owala ndi mawanga oyera. Akuwombera mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 45. Maluwa kuchokera kumapeto kwa Seputembara.
Zofunika! Maluwa sayenera kuthiriridwa madzi ndi masamba.
Zosiyanasiyana Estrella Voodoo Star limamasula mpaka kugwa
Verbena pakupanga kwapangidwe
Oimira okonzekera bwino a maluwa okongoletsera, maluwa kapena mabedi amaluwa. Chimodzi mwazochita zawo ndikugawa malo kukhala mabwalo. Verbena imakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa ndi ma monoclops. Mtundu wapadera ndi mawonekedwe a masamba amaloleza kusiyanasiyana ndi zitsamba zina. Uku ndi mawu owala bwino pamalopo pafupi ndi nyumbayo.
Ma chameleon ndi otchuka pakati pa opanga, omwe amayamba kutulutsa miyezi itatu atayikidwa pansi. Ngati mbewu ibzalidwe nthawi zosiyanasiyana, masamba owala amakongoletsa maluwa mabedi kwanthawi yayitali. Mutha kupanga mapanelo kuchokera ku verbena kapena kuonjezeranso kapangidwe kazinthu zina.
Mitundu yomwe imamera m'munsi mwa verbena imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malire obiriwira. Maphunziro apamwamba ndi oyenera kulimbikitsa pakati pa maluwa. Chojambula chokongoletsera chamakonzedwe achikale ndimayendedwe okhala ndi maulendo oyandikana ndi ma camellias. "Anansi" abwino ndi marigold, daisies, delphinium, nyvyanik ndi rudbeckia. Pogwiritsa ntchito masamba ambiri, mutha kukwaniritsa zokongola.
Tcherani khutu! Verbena amaphatikiza mogwirizana ndi chitsamba ndi maluwa okwera.
Kulima ma hybrids a ampel adayamba kuchitidwa m'zaka za zana la 19. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyi, ndi yomwe idakhala imodzi yamaluwa otchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Zaulimi pogwiritsa ntchito mbande zatsopano chaka chilichonse. Njirayi ndi yoyenera kwa iwo omwe akufuna kukongoletsa kama wamaluwa, sill windo kapena khonde. Nthawi yomweyo, chomeracho chimakhala chosazindikira, sichitha kutentha ndi chilala. Mitundu yosiyanitsa mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
