Kunja kwakukulu kwambiri kufanana kwa amaryllis ndi m'chiuno m'chiwopsezo cha zachilengedwe ndi mitundu ya mtundu womwewo - Amaryllis. Alimi a Novice amatha kusakaniza mbewu. Ndikosavuta kuwona kusiyana pakakhala maluwa awiri pafupi, nthawi zina, muyenera kuyang'anira kusiyana kwakufunika pakati pawo.
Ma inflorescence okongola komanso osazolowereka onse a hippeastrum ndi amaryllis ali okongoletsa kwambiri, amakongoletsa chilichonse chamkati, ali oyenera kupanga maluwa okongola, adzakondwera ndi mitundu yosadziwika bwino komanso ma inflorescence ambiri.
Hippeastrum ikufalikira pawindo
Maluwa awa ayenera kubzala pawindo komanso m'mundamo, amabweretsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikupereka zokongoletsera zokongola kulikonse. Maluwa onse awiriwa amakhala mkati, amapanga mawonekedwe abwino ndikukongoletsa nyumbayo. Ndikofunika kuphunzira kusiyanitsa mbewu izi.
Kukhala wa mtundu womwewo kumapangitsa mbewu ziwiri izi kukhala zofanana kwambiri kotero kuti ambiri sangathe kuzisiyanitsa. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana pazinthu zazikulu ndikuwona momwe amaryllis amasiyana ndi hippeastrum:
- mu amaryllis, mawonekedwe a bulb ndi owumbidwa ndi peyala, pomwe mu hippeastrum amakhala wozungulira, wowirikiza pang'ono pang'ono;
- amaryllis alibe fungo lililonse, m'chiuno chotupa chamaso;
- zosaposa 6 masamba pachimake mu inflorescence wa m'chiuno, amaryllis amapanga zazikulu maluwa 12 mpaka 12 masamba;
- Kapangidwe ka maluwa m'dzinja kamayambira mu amaryllis, nthawi yozizira ndi masika, maluwa amatulutsa;
- muvi wopatsa maluwa wa amaryllis umadzaza mkatimo, m'chiuno mwake mumakhala timiyendo.
Amaryllis m'munda
Chifukwa cha chidziwitso chosavuta chonchi, mutha kuphunzirapo kusiyanitsa mbewu izi ndikukula zomwe zimakusangalatsani kwambiri kunyumba. Amaryllis ndi m'chiuno, zosiyana zawo ndizodziwikiratu kotero kuti, mutayendera malo ogulitsira mwapadera, zimakhala zosavuta kuwona kusiyana kwawo ndikusankha chomera chomwe chili mukukonda kwanu.
Kusiyana mitundu yamitundu mitundu
Amaryllis ali ndi mitundu inayi yokha, yotchedwa Amaryllis belladonna, Amaryllis bagnoldii, Amaryllis condemaita, Amaryllis paradisicola. Pakadali pano, m'chiuno (m'chiuno) mumakhala mitundu pafupifupi 90, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yosiyana kwambiri.
Zofunika kudziwa! Ma taxonomist amathanso kusokoneza mbewu ziwiri izi, m'mbuyomu mtundu wa Amaryllis unali ndi mitundu yambiri, koma pambuyo pake ambiri anasamutsidwa ku genpeastrum genus. Vuto lakusakanizidwa nthawi zonse limakhala ndi mitundu yatsopano yomwe imakondweretsa wamaluwa ndi kukongola kwawo. Amalekerera matenda bwino ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala osatetezeka nawo.
Chiyambi cha mbewu
Maluwa amakula mbali zosiyanasiyana za dziko lapansi. Mtundu wa Hippeastrum unapezeka ku America, kumadera otentha komanso otentha, ambiri amapezeka ku Peru, Brazil ndi Bolivia ku Amazon. Mitundu iyi imadziwika kuti ndi geophyte ndipo imakula kwambiri m'malo opeza mapiri ndi mapiri. Amaryllis yemwe amapezeka ku South Africa, kenako amabwera ku Australia. Ndi mesophytes; amakonda m'malo dothi lonyowa.
Kutha kubzala
Amaryllis amawoloka bwino ndi mitundu ina, mwachitsanzo, ndi Krinum, Nerin kapena Brunsvigia. Hippeastrum, ndiye kuti singathe kudutsa, 90% ya izi sizingatheke.
Amaryllis kuthengo
Ngakhale izi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yayikulu kwambiri ndipo mitundu yonse pafupifupi 2000, pafupifupi 200 ndi omwe ali otchuka kwambiri. Ochulukirapo ndi oimira gulu la Leopold hybrids.
Nthawi zamaluwa
Zomera ziwiri izi zokhudzana zimasiyana pang'ono pakadutsa komanso maluwa. Amaryllis nthawi zonse amakhala ndi nthawi ikagona, chifukwa chomeracho ndi duwa lokhazikika, hippeastrum imakhalanso yobiriwira, kutengera mitundu.
Amaryllis pachimake kamodzi masiku 365, monga lamulo, nthawi yophukira, nawonso, maluwa amadzuwa ndi maluwa osalala kuyambira kawiri mpaka kanayi pachaka, nthawi zambiri maluwa amatuluka nthawi yozizira kapena masika. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyambira kwa maluwa kumasiyanasiyana kungakhale koyamba kukakamiza.
Maonekedwe, mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa, masamba
Palinso kusiyana pakumera kwa mbewu, pomwe chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa ku mitundu ndi mawonekedwe.
Hippeastrum imakhala ndi maluwa okongola modabwitsa: kuyambira oyera ndi achikaso mpaka obiriwira, ofiira komanso ofiira. Kuphatikiza apo, mitsempha kapena madontho a mitundu yowala nthawi zambiri amakhalapo. Udzu umasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wake, umakhala wosalala komanso wowuma, mawonekedwe ake ndi lamba.
Kusiyana pakati pa amaryllis ndi m'chiuno
Mzere wa m'chiuno umafikira masentimita 80, osaboweka mkatikati, wobiriwira utoto ndi utoto wonyezimira. Mpaka masamba asanu ndi limodzi amapangidwa, pomwe amatulutsa, fungo lawo silowonekera konse kapena ngakhale kulibe. Kukula kwa masamba kumafika masentimita 14.5, m'mimba mwake - mpaka 25 cm, okhala ndi mawonekedwe.
Babu mu m'chiuno umakhala wozungulira, wofanana ndi apulo, itha kukhala yopendekeka pang'ono. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tofanana ndi pesi loyera. Pakatikati, mababu amasiyana masentimita 5 mpaka 10, mizu imapangidwa ndi chingwe.
Amaluwa a Amaryllis mumitundu yonse ya pinki, masamba ndi ochepa komanso ophukira, maluwa amatuluka nthawi zambiri kulibe. Mikwingwirima ndi zikwangwani pamaluwa zimapezeka, koma zimakhala ndi zoyera kapena zapinki, zonunkhira zimatchulidwa.
Maluwa a Amaryllis
Peduncle wopanda mzere, wobiriwira wokhala ndi mthunzi wonyezimira. Imafika pamtunda wa 1 mita, osapitirira 12 maluwa pachimake. Mtundu wa inflorescence umakhala ngati maambulera, masamba amapezeka mizu mizere iwiri. Maluwa m'mimba mwake amafika 8 masentimita, omwe amakhala ndi ma petals 6, omwe malangizo awo adawonetsedwa.
Babu la amaryllis limawumbidwa ndi peyala, nkhope yake yonse imakulungidwa ndi mamba aimvi, imakhala ndi khungu mkati. Kukula kumafikira 12 cm.
Momwe mungasakanizire mukamagula
Njira yosavuta yodziwonera ndikusagula zonse ziwiri ndipo zimaphuka. Nthawi zina, muyenera kutsatira zambiri zazing'ono zomwe mukufuna.
Pogula mababu, ndibwino kupatsa chidwi kwa opanga odalirika, ndiye kuti kuthekera kosokoneza amaryllis ndi m'chiuno kumakhala zero. Pogula mababu popanda kulongedza mu shopu yamaluwa, muyenera kulabadira mawonekedwe ndi mthunzi wa masikelo.
Malangizo. Ndikofunika kuyang'anira masamba a mbewu: mu amaryllis, ndi yopapatiza komanso yosalala ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono, mu hippeastrum imakhala yolimba, yolowera, mpaka 50 cm. Amaryllis ilibe masamba obiriwira nthawi yamaluwa; imawoneka mochedwa kwambiri kuposa inflorescence.
Pakati pa chilimwe, amaryllis akupumula, chifukwa mababu atha kupezeketsa bwino, chiwopsezo cha m'chiuno chakumaso chiri pachimodzimodzi pakali pano. Pafupifupi nthawi yophukira, Amaryllis amadzuka ndikupanga peduncle, masamba amawoneka patapita nthawi pang'ono, nthawi yozizira.
Zomera zonse ziwiri ndizabwino kwambiri komanso zofanana. Ngati palibe cholinga cha kuswana ndi kugulitsa maluwa awa, ndiye kuti zamaluwa zapakhomo zilibe kanthu zomwe zapezeka: hippeastrum kapena amaryllis. Ndiwofanana, okongola komanso okongoletsa. Duwa la Amaryllis limafanana kwambiri ndi m'chiuno, samachitika mwangozi, chifukwa lachiwiri ndi wosakanizidwa woyamba.
Pankhani ya kupeza, muyenera kupatsa chidwi ndi mthunzi wa maluwa ndi kusamalira chomera. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yopumira, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, babuyo amayenera kuchotsedwa m'malo abwino, ndipo podzuka, pangani malo abwino kwambiri opanga maluwa nthawi yayitali.
