Zomera zamkati sizimangokongoletsa zamkati mwa nyumba kapena nyumba, komanso zimayeretsa ndi kutsitsimutsa mpweya. Ma fani amaluwa omwe ali ndi maluwa adzafuna kuphunzira zamitundu mitundu kuchokera ku banja la Bromeliad.
Banja Bromeliad
Zomera zochokera kubanja la Bromeliad zidachokera kumadera otentha, ndipo mitundu ingapo yapezeka ku subtropics yaku America ndi imodzi ku West Africa.
Ma Bromeliad ndi ma epiphytes, ndiye kuti, amakula pamitengo, miyala kapena mbewu zina ndipo amalandila madzi ndi michere kuchokera kumlengalenga ndi madzi amvula. Mosiyana ndi mbewu zambiri, sizimalandila zinthu kuchokera ku mizu. Mizu yawo ndi njira yokhayo yolumikizira thandizo lakukula.
Bromeliad
Pafupifupi onse oimira banja la Bromeliad amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa tsinde lalifupi ndi masamba ataliatali ossiform omwe amalumikizana ndikupanga chopondera. Kapangidwe ka masamba ndi kosavuta: mwa oimira ena amtunduwo ndi ochulukirapo komanso wandiweyani, mwa ena amakhala owonda ndi mawonekedwe otayirira. Kutengera mitundu, inflorescence imatha kukhala yopanda phokoso, mtundu kapena nkhawa.
Mitundu ndi mawonekedwe azomera zamkati kuchokera kubanja la Bromeliad
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 3,000 yamaluwa, mwa iwo: cryptanthus, guzmania, vriesia, chinanazi chamkaka, echmea, neoregelia, bilbergia, acantostachis, neoregelia, nidularium ndi ena ambiri.
Tcherani khutu! Mukamva dzina la bromeliad de Zapata ndipo mukufuna kugula duwa muyenera kudziwa kuti kulibeko, iyi ndi nthabwala ya April Fool.
Momwe mungasamalire mbewuzi kunyumba
Pafupifupi ma bromeliad onse amasinthidwa kukhala nyengo yofunda, yanyontho komanso yotentha. Malo awo okhala amakhala achinyezi ndipo amakula pamtunda wamitengo kapena kumalumikizana nawo.
Zofunika! Ma bromeliad sangathe kulekerera dzuwa lowala mwachindunji.
Kutentha, chinyezi, kuwala
Kutentha kwambiri kwama bromeliad kumaonedwa kuti ndi osiyanasiyana 15-26 15-26, koma amatha kupulumuka nyengo yotentha kwambiri.
Zomera za Bromeliad zamkati zimafunikira 60% chinyezi. Mlingowu ndiwovuta kusamalira, makamaka nthawi yozizira, nyumba ikatenthedwa.
Njira zolemetsa mpweya:
- ikani chinyezi pafupi ndi chomera;
- ikani thireyi ndi chinyezi, mwachitsanzo, ikani miyala, zokongoletsera mu mbale yayikulu ndikutsanulira madzi;
- sinthani mbewu zingapo pafupi ndi bromeliad; chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo, chinyezi pafupi ndi icho chidzachuluka;
- Nthawi zonse mumathira maluwa kuchokera ku botolo ndi chubu ya aerosol.
Kuwala
Sikuti mitundu yonse ya ma bromeliad amakonda kuwala kowoneka mwachindunji, ena ndibwino kuti azikula mumithunzi yosalekeza. M'nyengo yozizira, amafunika kukhazikitsidwa pazenera lakumwera.
Optimum primer yama bromeliad
Kwa oimira awa, dothi lotayirira ndiloyenera, lomwe makamaka limakhala ndi peat yamahatchi ndi kuwonjezera kwa dothi lamchenga ndi mchenga. Dothi la Bromeliads limapukutidwa ndi khungwa, malasha, nthaka yokomera, sphagnum wosankhidwa.
Tillandsia - mbewu yopanda mizu
Tillandsia mlengalenga kapena zam'mlengalenga ndizomera zachilendo za banja la bromeliad. Membala wodziwika kwambiri wamtundu, ofuna chisamaliro chovuta.
Tillandsia
Njira yayikulu yopezera chinyezi kuchokera ku tillandsia yopanda mizu kudzera m'masamba omwe amafunikira kuti ufewe nthawi zonse. Kuti duwa ili lithe, ndikofunikira kupereka malo abwino komanso owunikira (pafupifupi maola 14-15 patsiku), osakonzekera, wokhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa woimira uyu wa Bromelievs ndi 20-25 ºº.
Momwe mungasinthire
Tillandsia wopanda chopanda amafunika kumuika kamodzi kokha atagula m'sitolo. Zomera zikafa, zimafa, ndiye kuti sizifunikira kusintha kwa dothi.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu
Pali mitundu 500 ya oimira awa, pakati pawo: Tillandsia albida, wofiirira, wotambalala, wamoss-ngati, wamkulu, wamaluwa awiri, Mabatani ndi ena.
Ananazi ngati chomera cham'mimba chosungika
Piniapple wopanga tomwe timadabwitsanso alendo kunyumba, komanso amasangalatsa diso la mwini wake chaka chonse. Pineapple wamkati ndi maluwa okongoletsa.
Kubzala Phula Pamankhwala
Kusamalira chipinda cha chinanazi
Mutha kulima chinanazi kunyumba mumphika, ngati zonse zampangiridwira, ndikusamalira sizimafuna kuchita zambiri. Chomera sichifunira kudulira, chimangobwezera m'masika ndi chilimwe. Kuti mubzale chinanazi, muyenera kudula mtengo, womwe umatsukidwa mu njira ya manganese potaziyamu. Chotsatira, muyenera kuwaza gawo ndi phulusa ndikusiyira. Kenako malowo amawasokerera mumphika (0,4-0.6 l), pomwe wosanjikiza ndi chosakanizira cha dothi la humus, malo a mchenga, mchenga ndi peat zimatsanulidwa (chiyerekezo 1: 2: 1: 1).
Kafotokozedwe kamene mungakulire zinanazi kunyumba kwaperekedwa pansipa.
Kutentha, chinyezi komanso kuwala
Piniapple wamkati ndi chomera chotentha, mtundu wapadera wa ufumu wokongola. M'nyengo yotentha, imamera bwino 25-25 ° C, ndipo nthawi yozizira 22-24 ° C.
Chinanazi sichimafuna chinyezi chambiri, chimamva bwino m'malo otentha. Pamafunika kupopera nthawi zonse ndi madzi firiji.
Zofunika! Woimira Bromeliadyu ndijambulani zithunzi, koma safunika kuwunikira dzuwa.
Njira yothirira
Chinanazi chiyenera kutsanulidwa nthawi zonse, komanso kuthiriridwa ndi madzi okhazikika pamtunda wofunda tsiku lililonse.
Zofunika! M'nyengo yozizira, duwa liyenera kuuma, silifunikira kuthiridwa madzi ndi kuthirira kwambiri.
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Dothi la chomera liyenera kukhala ndi dongo zokulirapo, makala, makala osweka ndi dothi.
Mullein kulowetsedwa (mkati mwa masiku 4-5) mutha kuwonjezeredwa ndi kusakanikirana panthawi yomwe mbewu ikukula.
Tcherani khutu! Osamawonjezera feteleza wa zamchere ndi phulusa la nkhuni.
Guzmania (gusmania): Kufotokozera kwa chomera ndi duwa
Kodi guzmania ndi chiyani? Guzmania ndi mbewu yamuyaya ya banja la Bromeliad. Ndiwosavuta kwambiri kukulira gusman bromeliads, ndipo ma bracts awo amakongoletsa nyumba chaka chonse.
Guzmania
Kufotokozera kwamabotolo amitundu yotchuka ya guzmania
Pali mitundu yoposa 120 ya gusmania yomwe ndi mbadwa ku South America. Mwachitsanzo: magazi a guzmania ofiira, okongola, Donnella-Smith, Tempo, ndi ena.
Zosamalidwa
Chomera cha bruzeliad cha Guzmania chimafuna chipinda chowala bwino, ndiye muyenera kuchiyika pazenera lakum'mawa kapena kumadzulo.
Zofunika! Osaloleza mwachindunji dzuwa.
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndizoyenera kuchokera 25 ºº nthawi yachilimwe ndi 18 ºº nthawi yozizira.
Muyenera kuthirira mbewuyo ndi madzi otentha okhazikika nthawi zonse pachilimwe komanso kawiri pasabata.
Maluwa a guzmania akamwalira, matuza ndi masamba owuma amadulidwa.
Tcherani khutu! Zomera sizifunikira kudyetsedwa.
Cryptanthus: chisamaliro chakunyumba
Cryptanthus ndi chomera cha banja la Bromeliad chomwe chilibe tsinde, koma masamba atali okha omwe atengedwa mu rosette. Chifukwa chake dzina "nyenyezi zadothi".
Khalid
Maluwa amafunikira kutentha kwa 8-10 ºº nthawi yachilimwe ndi 18-20 ºº nthawi yozizira.
Kukula kwa cryptanthus ndikosatheka mu mpweya wouma, chifukwa chake kuyenera kupukutidwa bwino. Ndikwabwino kuyika chowonjezera pafupi.
Bilbergia akuwombera
Drooping bilbergia ndi udzu wamuyaya wa masamba, masamba ake omwe ali ofanana ndi chimanga.
Bilbergia akuwombera
Zosamalidwa m'nyumba bilbergia
Chomera ichi cha banja la Bromeliad sichizolowezi ndipo sichifunikira chisamaliro chovuta.
Kutentha kwa mpweya pakukula kwa bilbergia kumafunika osachepera 12 ºº.
Mtengowu sufuna kuunika kowala, ndipo umakhala bwino mopepuka.
Chinyezi chikuyenera kusamalidwa ndi kupopera masamba.
Njira yothirira
Bilbergia imafuna kuthirira pafupipafupi mu nyengo yotentha (kuteteza chinyezi). Pamwamba padzulidwe 2 cm, ndiye kuthiriranso chomera. M'nyengo yozizira, kayendedwe kothirira kumachitika kamodzi pa sabata.
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Bilbegia siimakomera dothi, chifukwa chake mutha kusankha madzi aliwonse osakanikirana ndi dothi.
Kudyetsa kumachitika kawiri pamwezi. Zomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa bromeliads.
Zofunika! Simungathe kuwonjezera feteleza wopezeka ndi nayitrogeni wambiri.
Duwa la Ehmeya: chisamaliro chakunyumba
Zomera ziyime pamalo owala bwino, mwachitsanzo, pazenera lakumwera.
M'chilimwe, kutentha kwa 22-26 ºะก kumafunikira, ndipo nthawi yozizira - 15-18 ºº.
Chinyezi ziyenera kusungidwa mopitilira muyeso.
Duwa limafunikira kuwala kowala.
Ehmeya
Njira yothirira
Munthawi yotentha, pamafunika kuthirira yambiri mukangoyala ndi dothi lapamwamba. Thirani madzi mu phula kuchokera masamba. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa mpaka 1 m'masabata awiri.
Mapangidwe dothi la duwa liyenera kuphatikizapo mchenga, masamba ndi peat.
Manyowa mmera ndi yankho la mchere wambiri kwa bromeliads.
Vriesia Astrid: Kufotokozera kwa mbewu ndi mawonekedwe osamalira
Vriesia ili ndi mawonekedwe achilendo - imakhala ndi rosette yama masamba okhala ngati korona. Kutalika kwa mbewu kuchokera pa masentimita 40 mpaka 80. Vriesia amatulutsa maudzu owala ofanana ndi nthenga. Kunyumba, sanatenge.
Vriesia Astrid
Kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kuchokera pa 24 ° C mpaka 28 ° C m'chilimwe ndipo sikuyenera kukhala otsika kuposa 18-20 ° C nthawi yozizira.
Chinyezi chofunikira kwambiri (kuchokera 70%). Maluwa amafunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Thirirani mbewuyo mutayanika dothi lokwanira masentimita 2-3 ndi madzi ofunda. Mu nthawi yophukira-yophukira, kuthirira kumachitika kawiri pamwezi.
Manyowa nthaka ndi yankho lapadera la Bromeliad.
Zapamwamba kapena Vriesia Splendans
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya banja la Bromeliad yomwe ndi yoyenera bwino kukula pakhomo. Pamasamba, duwa limakhala ndi malowedwe achikasu otambalala ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono kuti atenge chinyezi. Limamasula mu February ndi June.
Vriesia Splendans amakonda kutentha (25-28 ° C), chifukwa chake mphikawo uyenera kutenthetsedwa nthawi yozizira.
Tcherani khutu! Kuwala kwamphamvu kwambiri, kuthirira kwambiri m'chilimwe komanso modekha nyengo yozizira.
Neoregelia: chisamaliro chakunyumba
Neoregelia - chomera chotsika cha banja la Bromeliad, lomwe limakhala ndi mizu yopanda tsinde, imakhala ndi masamba angapo a masamba. Amakula mpaka masentimita 20. Masamba ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wakuda, ndipo nthawi yozizira amasintha kukhala ofiira. Pafupifupi koma pamtunda inflorescence amakula pakati penipeni pa duwa.
Malo okhala zachilengedwe za neoreligia ndi nkhalango zachilengedwe zotentha komanso malo otsetsereka a m'mapiri.
Neoregelia
Mitundu ndi mitundu yakukula kunyumba
Mwa mitundu ya neorelia, oyimira pafupifupi 60 amadziwika. Kunyumba, mitundu yazomera monga Carolina, marble unorgelia, wokongola, wosasangalatsa, nyalugwe waubbly, ndi zina zambiri.
Duwa limafunikira kuwala kowala, kwachilengedwe. Pewani kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Ndikofunikira kuthirira neoregelia katatu pa sabata, nthawi yozizira - 2 kawiri pamwezi.
Chinyezi chachikulu (chosachepera 60%) chofunikira. Pukuta ndi kupukuta masamba pafupipafupi.
Kutentha kovomerezeka kumakhala mu 20-25 ° C nthawi yotentha komanso nthawi yozizira osachepera 16 ° C.
Chovuta chobzala oimira banja la Bromeliad zimatengera mitundu. Mitundu yambiri imasinthasintha mosavuta kunyumba. Mukamasankha duwa, munthu ayenera kuganizira zomwe amakonda kutentha, chinyezi, kuyatsa, kuthilira, kuthilira, kuthira dothi, ndi zina.
