Kwa aliyense wamaluwa, kusintha maonekedwe a maluwa akuluakulu ndi chifukwa chachikulu choganizira za thanzi lawo.
Mofananamo ndi orchid, madontho amatawuni amawonekera pa masamba - nthawi yomweyo timayang'ana chifukwa.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chodabwitsa chimenechi sichisonyeza kufunika kochiza mbewu, koma izi sizingatheke.
Kodi madontho amatala amavulaza orchid?
Nkhuta imadumpha pa masamba kapena maluwa a orchids amatha kukhala ndi zotsatira za chilengedwe cha mapangidwe a timadzi tokoma ndipo pakali pano musayese chomera. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti palibe chifukwa chodandaula, chifukwa ngati maluwa a orchid ali ndi masamba osakanizika ndi madontho pa iwo nthawi zonse, ndi nthawi yoti mudziwe za zina zomwe zingayambitse zochitika izi, ndipo ndiyenera kunena zambiri.
Mukudziwa? Pali mitundu yambiri ya orchid, ndipo pamene ena amakula masentimita angapo, ena akhoza kufika mamita angapo mamita.
Zifukwa za madontho pamaluwa
Tangoganizirani kuti mwawona kale zitsime zamitengo pamaluwa a orchid, ndipo tsopano zatsala kuti mudziwe zoyenera kuchita. Poganizira chifukwa cha maonekedwe awo, ndondomeko yoyenera yogwirira ntchito ikupangidwira.
Mwachitsanzo, izi zikhoza kukhala zachilengedwe - zotsatira za kupanga maluwa timadzi timeneti (shuga amangotengedwa mkati mwa chomera). Pachifukwa ichi, madontho okonzeka ndi okoma amathamangitsa tizilombo todwalitsa zosiyanasiyana kumunda, ngakhale kuti sizingatheke kuoneka ngati tizilombo ta maluwa. Ponena za omaliza, ambiri a iwo alibe nthawi yovulaza, chifukwa amamangirira nthawi yomweyo.
Kuti mutonthoze nokha, kuonetsetsa kuti madontho othandizira amaoneka pa orchid, Yang'anani mosamala chomera chonse cha masamba odulira masamba kapena mphutsi za powdery.
Komanso, chifukwa cha kuoneka kwa madontho amatha kukhala ngati madzi okwanira pamwamba pa gawo lapansi kapena poto ndi kusefukira kwa chomera, ndipo kuwala kowala kwambiri ndi kutentha kwachindunji mu chipinda nthawi zambiri kumachita zinthu zina.
Choncho, ngati orchid yanu sichimangokera pamasamba okhaokha, koma tsinde lonse, chotsani mphikawo kuchokera pawindo lazenera, dulani dothi la pamwamba, ndipo yesetsani kutsimikiza bwino madzi.
Chinthu chinanso chofala cha vuto la masamba olira kapenachidzu kuchuluka kwa fetelezaatayikidwa pansi. Kuphatikiza ndi kuthirira madzi okwanira, amapanga chipika chokhazikika pamwamba pa masamba, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chitukuko chikhale chitukuko ndi maonekedwe a mawanga. Nthawi zina, pofuna kuthetsa vutolo, nkofunika kuti mutenge m'malo mwa gawo lapansi, chifukwa iyi ndi njira yokhayo yopezera kuvunda ndi imfa ya peduncle kapena rosette.
Pamene chomera chiri ndi kachilombo, aphid, nkhuni kapena kuluma Amatha kuonedwa mosavuta pamaso pa madontho. Pamaso pa tizirombo, kuyang'ana mmera ndi madontho pa pepala, mukhoza kuona madontho ang'onoang'ono mwa iwo - tizilombo timalowa m'matope ndikukhala pamenepo, chifukwa sangathe kutuluka mumtambo. Zimakhalanso zosavuta kuona pamwamba pa pepala, pomwe mulibe madzi.
Ngati orchid yako yakhudzidwa ndi powdery mildewndiye nthendayi idzayamba kudziwonetsera yokha ndi madontho ochulukira pamasamba, kenako ikadutsa m'kati mwa mapangidwe a maluwa oyera ndi nsalu zakuda pamtunda wonsewo.
Maluwa okongola ali ndi zomera zopanda nzeru kwambiri, choncho ngati muwona mapepala okhwima pamapiri anu a orchid, muyenera kuganizira zomwe mudzachita nthawi yomweyo.
Choyamba, yang'anani momwe angasamalire, yang'anani kutentha ndi kuzizira m'chipinda ndi maluwa.
Ngati simukuchita kanthu m'kupita kwanthawi, zimatha kuphedwa kwa orchid, imfa ya zida zake komanso mizu ya mlengalenga.
Mukudziwa? Ngati phokoso limatuluka pamaluwa a orchid, ndipo madontho osadziwika amachokera pamasamba, izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kukopa kwa tizilombo zomwe zimathandiza zomera, zomwe zimawopseza ndi kuwononga tizirombo.
Kutsetsereka kumagwera masamba a orchid, kukonza vuto
Tsopano mukudziwa chifukwa chake orchid ikulira, koma mukufunikira kumvetsetsa momwe mungathetsere vutoli. Zotsatira zina zatchulidwa kale, koma tsopano tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane nkhaniyi. Choyamba, poyamba, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa chomeracho, yang'anani dothi la kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa madzi, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, chotsani chidebe ndi orchid kutali ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Ngati mutapatsa chomera choyenera, koma vuto silikutha, kuvala kokometsera masamba a orchid - zotsatira za matenda, matenda a maluwa ndi tizirombo toyenda mkati. Tsopano muyenera kugula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikusamalira orchid pochotsa scythe ndi nkhupakupa.
Ndikofunikira! Muyenera kupempha thandizo la mankhwala pokhapokha mutayesa kale njira zina zothetsera matenda a orchid, omwe amapezeka m'mamasamba odula: kuchepetsa kuthirira m'nyengo yozizira, wothira chipinda mwa kupopera mpweya kuzungulira mphika, ndikupukuta masambawo ndi madzi otentha kutentha. Nthaŵi zambiri, kugwira zochitika zotere kumathandiza kuthana ndi vutoli.
Komabe, zotsatirazi zikuwathandiza kwambiri pochiza orchid:
- Kusintha madzi okwanira poika madzi mitsuko kawiri pamwezi (mu chidebe chokhala ndi madzi ofunda ndi omveka, kuchepetsa mapiritsi angapo kuchokera ku matenda a fungal, pambuyo pake orchid (pamodzi ndi mphika) imalowetsedwa mu njira yothetsera tsinde, kusiya kwa mphindi 20) ;
- kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha kuthirira mbewu m'nyengo yozizira, makamaka ngati orchid yakhala masamba osungunuka kuchokera pansi kapena pamwamba (ndi mkulu chinyezi chomera matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimadziwonetsera ngati malo owongolera, zidzakula mofulumira);
- Kupopera mankhwala a orchid ndi madzi ofunda ndi omveka, omwe muyenera kuyamba kuwonjezera madontho pang'ono a mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- Kuwombera kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda panthawi ya kuchulukanso kwawo kwa mbeu;
Ndikofunikira! Nthawi zonse ganizirani chifukwa cha vutoli. Mwachitsanzo, maonekedwe a powdery mildew amayamba chifukwa cha kuwala kochepa kwa chipindacho, ndipo ngati chomera chikuwonongeka ndi chishango, chithandizo cha sopo ndi chofunikira. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito zamagetsi motsutsana ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kuchitapo kanthu
Ngakhale kudziwa masamba omwe amaoneka ngati mapepala amaoneka ngati otsika, ndikuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira, muyenera kuteteza chomeracho mwakukula kwa matenda akuluakulu. Inde, choyamba ndi chofunika kwambiri chodzitetezera chidzatsatiridwa ndi zofuna za ulimi wa orchid. Lingaliro limeneli limaphatikizapo nthawi zonse ndi kuthirira kwa kuthirira, feteleza, kutsata zofunikira za kuwala, kutentha ndi chinyezi m'chipinda ndi orchid.
Ndibwino kuti nthawi zonse muyambe kuyang'ana chomeracho, komanso ngati mvula yoyamba ikupezeka pa orchid, muyenera kutengapo nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa tsopano mumadziwa kuti izi sizowonongeka nthawi zonse. Zomwe zizindikiro zofanana zimapezeka pa chomera chimodzi, kuti zisawonongeke maluwa ena, ndi bwino kuzisiya nthawi yomweyo ndi kuyamba kufufuza zomwe zimayambitsa ndi mankhwala omwe amatsatira.
Kuonjezerapo, chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa matendawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito mankhwala monga "Aktellik" ndi "Aktara", omwe ali ndi mlingo woyenera amathandizira kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha ma orchids.
