Kale, nkhuku za Brahma zinali zamtengo wapatali kwambiri ndi alimi a nkhuku zoweta chifukwa cha nyama zawo zabwino kwambiri. Iwo amadziwika ndi nyama zokoma kwambiri, zachifundo, zodyera. Kuoneka kwawo kokongola ndi mtundu wa bonasi, kubweretsa chisangalalo kwa eni ake. Komabe, patapita nthawi, ndizokongoletsera mbalame za mtundu uwu zomwe zimatuluka pamwamba, choncho lero nkhuku za Braman zimamera ngati nyama yokongoletsera. Musanapange chisankho pa kuswana kwa mtundu uwu wa mbalame ayenera kudziwa bwino zomwe zimachitika.
Mbiri yamabambo
Nkhuku Brahma anachotsedwa kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo analembetsa mwalamulo mu 1874 ku North America. Anachokera ku madera awiri - Ma Malay ndi Kokhinhinsky. Yoyamba inali yosiyana ndi maonekedwe ake okongola ndi kumenyana, yachiwiri - ndi nyama yabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa cha ichi, obereketsa amatha kubweretsa nyama yokongola.
Nzika za ku Russia zinakumana ndi nkhuku za Brama m'zaka za m'ma XIX. Kwa nthawi yaitali akhala akuyamikika ngati nyama. M'zaka za zana la makumi awiri, mtunduwu unali pakati pa mbalame zisanu zomwe zimafala kwambiri. Panthawi imeneyo, mpweya unkalemera makilogalamu 7.
Ngati mukukula nkhuku zodya nyama, mvetserani ku Jersey Giant, Plymouthrock, Orpington, Fireol, Cornish, Mbalame yaikulu ya Hungary.
Kulemera kwakukulu kunapatsa ngakhale zovuta zambiri, chifukwa zinali zovuta kuti mbalame zigwire miyendo yoonda. Masiku ano, iwo akuwonjezeka kwambiri chifukwa cha makhalidwe okongoletsera. Chifukwa cha kusakaniza ndi mitundu ina, iwo ataya mtengo wa nkhuku za nkhuku (monga nyama za nyama).
Mukudziwa? Nkhuku zapakhomo zimachokera ku zakutchire zakutchire zomwe zikukhala ku Asia. Zotsatira zaposachedwa kuchokera kwa asayansi zimatsimikizira kuti kubwetsedwa kwa mbalame kunachitika pafupi zaka 6-8,000 zapitazo kumadera a Southeast Asia ndi China.
Makhalidwe
Zizindikiro za kunja kwa nkhuku za Brahma zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzisiyanitsa ndi nkhuku zina. Amadziwika ndi:
- kukongola kokongola;
- thupi lalikulu la minofu;
- chifuwa chachikulu ndi mimba;
- khungu laling'onoting'ono mumakoko ngati mawonekedwe opanda mano osiyanitsa bwino;
- maso a red-lalanje;
- miyendo yodzaza nonse;
- khungu lachikasu;
- mtundu wofiira wa mtundu wachikasu;
- mphete zofiira ndi earlobes;
- maluwa okongola;
- nkhuku zimatha kulemera kwa 3.5-4 kg makilogalamu 4.5-5 makilogalamu.
Kutulutsa mazira
Ndilemera kwa thupi la nkhuku 3 nkhuku zingabweretse 100-120 mazira pachaka. Kulemera kwake kwa dzira lililonse ndi 50-65 g.
Nkhuku zowonongeka za Brahma zimayamba pa miyezi 9. Kuchepetsa zokolola m'nyengo yachisanu ndizosafunikira. Kuchepetsa mazira a nkhuku kumachitika pamene nkhuku imakafika zaka ziwiri.
Ndikofunikira! Poweta nkhuku pofuna kupeza mazira, munthu ayenera kudziwa kuti mlingo wa dzira umakhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga zaka za munthu, zomangamanga, chakudya, ndi nyengo.
Chilengedwe cha nkhuku
Chikhalidwe cha mbalame chili ndi zotsatirazi:
- kukwiya;
- pulogm;
- kukonda;
- kuledzera kwa munthu.
Mitundu yobereketsa
Masiku ano, mitundu 4 ya nkhuku ya Brama imamera, yomwe imasiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wa mphukira zawo:
- gawo;
- fawn;
- kuwala;
- mdima
Kuropatchataya
Mphuno yayikulu ya magawo ena a kuwala kowala ndi katatu katatu a nthenga mumdima ndi imvi. Mizere imakhala yofiira ndi mtundu wa lalanje wa mutu ndi kumbuyo, mimba ndi miyendo ndi zakuda ndi zokometsera zobiriwira.
Mbali yodzaza nkhuku imakhala ndi mazira ndi chigoba chofiira kwambiri mumdima wofiira.
Phunzirani mmene mungakulitsire dzira m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa nkhuku zimanyamula mazira ang'onoang'ono, mavitamini otani amafunika kuika nkhuku, momwe mungayang'anire mazira, chifukwa nkhuku zimawombera mazira.
Fawn (buff)
Mtundu waukulu wa maulawu ndi wofiira kwambiri ndi golide wagolide. Amuna abambo ali ndi mdima wandiweyani. Amuna ndi awiri ali ndi kolala yamdima. Nthenga pa khosi zili zakuda. Muzojambula zakuda ndi kumapeto kwa mchira. Maso ali ndi iris yofiira-bulauni.
Nkhuku zimabadwa zachikasu kapena mdima.
Dziwitseni ndi malamulo oyambitsa nkhuku za nkhuku, kudyetsa nkhuku m'masiku oyambirira a moyo wawo, kulera ana awo, kuteteza matenda komanso kulandira nkhuku.
Kuwala
Mitundu yambiri yomwe imakhala ndi mpweya wambiri imatchedwanso Colombian. Mphuno yake imakhala yamitundu yofiira kwambiri. Kuthamanga mapiko ndi mchira mapeto ali wakuda.
Palinso mzere wakuda mwa mawonekedwe a kolala kuzungulira khosi. Mizere imakhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda pa nthenga za lumbar, nkhuku ziribe mikwingwirima yotereyi. Mphungu ndi yobiriwira kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Zithunzi za nkhuku zinapezeka manda a Tutankhamen, omwe amamangidwa mu 1350 BC. er Ku Egypt, akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale anapeza zotsalira za nkhuku, zomwe zalembedwa zaka 685-525 BC. er
Mdima
Pakuti zigawo zamdima za mtundu wa Brahma zimadziwika ndi machitidwe ovuta. Mizere yakuda kumapeto kwa nthenga, zomwe zimapatsa thupi la mbalame mtundu wokongola kwambiri. Mutu ndi woyera woyera. Nthenga pa khosi ndi zakuda ndi zoyera.
Mizere ndi mtundu wophweka kwambiri. Mutu uli wojambulidwa ndi siliva woyera ndi zofiira zakuda. Mbali zina za thupi ndi zakuda ndi zokometsera zobiriwira.
Zokongoletsera, nkhuku za Araukan, Ayam Tsemani, Hamburg, Chinese Silk, Sibrayt, Blue Aurora, Gudan zimabala.
Malangizo odyetsera nkhuku
Pofuna kukwaniritsa nkhuku zokongola za nkhuku, maonekedwe awo abwino, ndi nyama zokoma, ndikofunika kusankha zakudya zabwino. Nazi malingaliro a momwe mungadyetse mbalame za Brahma moyenera:
- Mukasunga nkhuku zimalimbikitsidwa kukonza chakudya chachitatu pa tsiku. Mbalame ziyenera kudyetsedwa nthawi yomweyo.
- Tikulimbikitsanso kutsatira ndondomeko yotsatira ya chakudya: m'mawa - chakudya chambewu, chakudya chamasana - pothandizidwa ndi madzi kapena msuzi, masamba, madzulo - chakudya cha tirigu.
- Zakudyazi ziyenera kukhala ndi zigawo zotsatirazi: tirigu, nthambi, masamba, nsomba, choko, mchere. Maziko a menyu ayenera kukhala tirigu.
- Nthano za tsiku ndi tsiku zikhoza kuwoneka motere: tirigu - 50-55 g, phala - 30 g, mbatata yophika - 100 g, ufa wa udzu - 10 g, choko - 3 g, ufa wa fupa - 2 g, mchere - 0,5 g M'nyengo yozizira, kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumafunika kuwonjezeka pang'ono (kuchokera pa zosowa za mbalame).
- Mu nkhuku nkhuku ndi kuyenda, muyenera kuyika chotengera chosiyana chimene mungaike mchenga kapena mtsinje. Zinthu zimenezi ndi zofunika kuti mbalame izidya bwino.
- Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kukhala ndi 15 g a mapuloteni, 4 g mafuta ndi 50 g wa chakudya.
- Ndikofunika kusintha menyu nthawi ndi nthawi kuti chakudya chisakhale chosautsa.
- Kupeza nthawi zonse kwa mbalame kuyenera kukhala mbale yakumwa ndi madzi otentha kutentha.
- Pofuna kulimbikitsa nkhuku kumagalimoto, muyenera kutsanulira 10 peresenti ya chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Mavitamini opangira mavitamini omwe ali ndi mavitamini ayenela kuikidwa pambali.
Ndikofunikira! Mlimi ayenera kutsatira mwatsatanetsatane malangizowo pa chakudya cha nkhuku. Mbalame yomwe imakhala yoperewera chakudya nthawi zambiri kapena yowonjezereka bwino ikhoza kudwala. Pakuti mtundu wa Brahma uli ndi matenda monga kunenepa kwambiri, kotero muyenera kusamala kwambiri.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira
Kuti mutha kukhala ndi nkhuku za Brahma sizidzasowa zinazake zapadera. Ali ndi nkhuku zokwanira zokwanira nkhuku komanso malo oyenda. Zofunika zoyenera kukonza ndi kusamalira:
- Miyendo yodumpha ndi miyendo yambiri imalola mbalame kukhala mosavuta kutentha kutentha ndikukhala m'nyumba yopanda nkhuku.
- Mu nkhuku nkhuku, mbalame ziyenera kusungidwa pa mlingo wa anthu 2-3 pa 1 mita imodzi. M square. Kuwonjezereka kumawopsa ndi matenda opatsirana.
- Mu chipinda chimene mbalame zimakhala, ukhondo ndi kuuma ziyenera kusungidwa, ndipo kusinthasintha kwa madalaivala nthawi zonse ndikuyenera kuchitidwa, kuphatikizapo feeders ndi omwa.
- Kholali liyenera kukhala ndi dongosolo la mpweya wabwino. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti chipinda chikhale ndi zenera limodzi.
- Kutalika kwa tsiku lalitali ndi maora 14. M'nyengo yozizira, chipindachi chiyenera kuika kuwala.
- Mu khola ayenera kukhalapo zinthu zovomerezeka zotere: odyetsa, oledzera, zisa, mabedi, mapepala. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti, chifukwa cha kulemera kwakukulu, nkhuku za Brahms zimakhala zovuta kukwera pazitsulo, kotero kwa iwo muyenera kuika mipando yamtengo wapamwamba muzitali zakuda.
- Mu khola lotseguka kwa munthu aliyense ayenera kukhala 1 lalikulu. M square.
- Mu aviary ayenera kukhala nkhokwe ndi omwera. Denga lamtengo wapatali.
Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale kuti mazira a Brahma amasiyanitsidwa ndi chibadwa chabwino cha amayi, nyama zinyama zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizitsukidwe ndi makulitsidwe, popeza pali milandu pamene mbalame zazikulu zimathyola mazira awo.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Mtundu uwu uli ndi mphamvu zake komanso zovuta zazing'ono.
Ubwino:
- kunja kokongola;
- mwayi wobereka m'madera ndi nyengo yozizira;
- Mtengo wabwino zakudya zakudya zabwino kwambiri;
- chisamaliro;
- chibadwa chabwino cha amayi;
- kukwiya.
- kuchepetsa kusakaniza;
- Matenda amodzi mwa achinyamata.
Chiberekero cha nkhuku Brahma: kanema
Zambiri za mtundu wa Brahma: ndemanga
Pali alimi a nkhuku omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mbalameyi mozama ndikusunga nkhuku zazikulu zokha, ngati kuti zimathandizira nyama zamtunduwu, koma ndizochepa. Monga lamulo, masiku ano Brahma ndi 3-4 makilogalamu a nkhuku ndi nkhuku zochepa. Panthawi ina, Brahma anatengedwa kuchokera kwa amateur ndi mtundu uwu, ndipo anabweretsa mbalame kuchokera kudziko lina, makilogalamu 6 kg aliyense. 4.5 kg iliyonse.