Tomato ndi imodzi mwa masamba omwe amakonda kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mmodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri m'dera lathu - "Amwenye achimongo".
Pa nthawi yomweyi, maganizo ndi ndemanga zokhudzana ndi izo zimatsutsana kwambiri.
Kodi unachokera kuti?
Momwe tomato amaonekera, palibe amene akudziwa zedi. Zimadziwika kuti sizinalembedwe mu zolembera za boma, ndipo zakhazikika mu Siberia. Choncho, tingathe kunena kuti "Chimongoli cha ku Mongolia" ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masewera, yomwe mwina inachokera kwa asayansi a ku Siberia, mwina kuchokera ku Novosibirsk.
Yang'anani mitundu yambiri ya phwetekere: "King", "Star of Siberia", "Rio Grande", "Spas Honey", "Gigolo", "Rapunzel", "Samara", "Chozizwitsa cha Dziko", "Paradise Paradise", "Volgograd" , "Red ndi Red" ndi "Cardinal".
Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti abambo ochita masewera amatha kubweretsa mitundu yatsopano ya phwetekere kuchokera ku mayiko ena kapena kupanga mitundu yatsopano pa intaneti. Kenaka amawasonkhanitsa, akusinthira kumalo awo, amafalitsa ndi kugulitsa. Mwinamwake, mitundu ya tomato ya ku Mongolia imapezeka mofanana, zomwe zimatanthawuza kuti chidziwitso chokhudza izo komanso malo ogula chingapezedwe poyendayenda kudutsa kwambiri pa intaneti.Kufotokozera
"Amuna achimongo" - ndi kucha, kwakukulu, kochepa komanso nthawi yomweyo.
Mukudziwa? Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya phwetekere yapamwamba ndi yakucha kucha.
Mitengo
Dzina la "tomato" la phwetekere limalandira chifukwa tchire chochepa. Koma izi sizili zopweteka, koma osati ubwino. Chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali, tchire sichiyenera kumangirira ndi kutsina. Chomeracho sichimapanga tsinde limodzi lopenya. Kuchokera muzu kumakula 4-5 zimayambira kamodzi. Kufikira kutalika kwa masentimita 20, iwo amayamba kukulunga. Kukula pa nthambi, ana opeza amamanganso. Zimapezeka kuti chitsamba sichikula, koma m'kati mwake. Nthambi zazikuluzikulu zimakhala ndi "pillow", zomwe zimafika pamtunda wa masentimita 80-100. Pakukula, mizu yamphamvu imapangidwanso. Masamba akuda, opapatiza komanso osindikizira kwambiri. 
Zipatso
Zipatso zazikulu (100-200 g), kuzungulira, mtundu wofiira. Zikuwoneka ngati zazikulu pa tchire zotsikazo komanso kubodza pansi. Choncho, kuteteza tomato ku zowola ndi mphutsi, odziwa wamaluwa mulch pansi pansi tchire ndi wakuda filimu kapena agrofibre. Tomato yoyamba imakololedwa mu June. Amakhala ndi mavitamini otchuka: ali amadziwa, okoma ndi owawasa. Ngakhale malingaliro pa kukoma amagawilidwanso: kwa zipatso zina, zipatsozi ndizozomera kwambiri, kwa ena - zokoma kwambiri. Sindimaswa tomato okhwima, amasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo mosavuta amatha kuyendetsa galimoto. Mukhoza kuzigwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana: zonse zatsopano komanso zowonongeka. Amapanga zokonzera zokoma m'nyengo yozizira, madzi, ketchups. Tomato amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa saladi, sauces ndi stewed ndi masamba ena.
Mukudziwa? Tomato ali ndi mavitamini, mavitamini ndi zinthu zomwe zimalimbikitsa kupanga mapangidwe a hemoglobini.
Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana
- Mbali yosiyanasiyana ya zosiyanasiyana si kukula kokha kwa chitsamba, komanso nthambi zambiri zimayambira, zomwe zimatenga malo ambiri m'munda. Choncho, iwo ayenera kubzalidwa patali kwambiri.
- Mbali yokongola ya "amamera" - yaitali fruiting. Zipatso zimamangirizidwa ku tchire pafupifupi mwamsanga pakatha kuziika kumatseguka pansi. Njirayi ikupitirira mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn.
- Popeza ana opeza, akamakula, amawerama pansi, monga nthambi, tomato amapangidwa ndi kukula mkati mwa chitsamba. Zimaphimbidwa ndi masamba, kotero sizimapweteka kwa nthawi yayitali, zatsalira pa tchire, ndipo kukoma kwawo sikungowonongeka.
- "Amwenye a ku Mongolia" saopa chimfine ndipo amatha kukula m'madera akummwera, kumene chimfine chimayambira ndi nthawi yopuma. Madera a Windy omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira ndi yoyenera kwa iye ngati zovuta zowonongeka si zachilendo kumeneko.
Ngati mukufuna tomato wanu akhale wathanzi, werengani za mankhwala ochiritsira ochizira a phytophtoras pa tomato.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Ubwino ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Mbalame yamphongo yomwe imakhala pafupi ndi nthaka, ngakhale mphepo yamkuntho ikuluikulu siidzasweka.
- Madzu samasowa zingwe ndi pinching, zomwe zimapulumutsa nthawi ndi khama.
- Chomera chimakhala chosagonjetsa: chimangovuta kupirira kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, kuchepa kwa madzi okwanira, kuchepa kwa nthawi yochepa komanso mame ambiri a mmawa.
- Tomato wa zosiyanasiyanazi sakhala ndi vuto lochedwa. Ndipo ngati akudabwa, ndi ofooka komanso mochedwa kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira.
- Kukula msinkhu ndi nthawi yaitali ya fruiting: kuyambira pachiyambi cha chilimwe mpaka chisanu choyamba.
- Zokolola zabwino: mpaka makilogalamu 10 akhoza kuchotsedwa ku chitsamba chimodzi.
Phunzirani momwe mungasankhire tomato kuti ikule.
Pali zochepa zochepa, koma ndizo:
- "Amamera" samakonda dothi lakuda, lolemera. Sitilola kukolola bwino kumadera ozizira, komwe kuli kotentha kwambiri.
- Gawo loyamba la chitukuko ndi lolimba kwambiri: choyamba, mbande "amakhala" kwa nthawi yaitali, ndiyeno nkuyamba kukula mozama.
- "Amwenye achimongo" sangatchulidwe m'mabuku a boma, kotero n'kosatheka kugula m'masitolo.
Zotsatira zofika
Kubzala tomato kungagawidwe mu magawo awiri: kufesa mbewu ndi kubzala mbande pamalo otseguka.
1. Kufesa mbewu:
- Akatswiri amapereka malingaliro osiyana pa masiku odzala: ena amalangiza kuchita izi mu February, ndi ena mu March. Ubwino wa February kufesa ndikuti mu May maluwa akutchire adzabzalidwa yotseguka pansi mu Meyi, ndipo zipatso zoyamba zidzakonzeka mu June.
- Mabokosi a mbande ayenera kudzazidwa ndi chisakanizo cha nthaka ndi humus, kapena ndi nthaka yokonzeka yokonzekera mbande.
- Mbande zokometsera ziyenera kukhala ndi maonekedwe a masamba 2-3 oona.
Ndikofunikira! Zing'onozing'ono za mbande zazing'ono sizisonyezo za kusowa kwa zakudya, koma zizindikiro za mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
2. Kubzala mbande:- Kwa mbande zinapereka kukolola koyambirira, mukhoza, popanda mantha, kuzibzala poyera mwamsanga. Iye sachita mantha ndi kuzizira. Pankhani ya chisanu, tchire chofewa ndi zosavuta kuziphimba ndi filimu kapena china.
- Pamene mbande zikukula mwamphamvu, zimafuna malo ambiri. Choncho, tchire tiyenera kubzala pamtunda wokwanira: pafupifupi 60-80 masentimita.
- Nthaka sayenera kukhala yowawa. Mukamabzala, mukhoza kuthirira nthaka: kutsanulira madzi pang'ono ndi 10 g a superphosphate mu dzenje lililonse.
- Ndikofunika kuti muzitha kumera nthaka kuti mbeu zisamangokhala pansi, koma pa "kama", zomwe zidzateteza ku slugs ndi kuvunda. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chida chakuda chakuda kapena filimu yakuda chifukwa chaichi. Koma mulch ukhoza kugwira ntchito monga zipangizo zina zomwe zilipo: utuchi, udzu, chiputu cha nettle. Ndipo mungagwiritse ntchito mapulogalamu ndi mapuloteni mwa kuwayika mwachindunji pansi pa tomato yakucha.
Ndikofunikira! Zitsamba "Chimake cha ku Mongolia" chimakula bwino ndi kubereka zipatso pamalo otseguka, osati mu wowonjezera kutentha, komwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowonongeka. Ndipo kusowa mpweya wabwino wa wowonjezera kutentha kumawawononga iwo basi.
Kusamalira phwetekere
"Amuna Achimongolia" - mitundu yoipa. Iye amasangalala kukula ndi otchedwa "aulesi" wamaluwa, popeza safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Amasamalira "amamera" mofanana ndi tomato ena: amamwa madzi nthawi zonse, ameta, amachotsa namsongole, amadyetsa ndi zovuta zamchere feteleza. Mosiyana ndi tomato zina, izi sizingafunikire kumangirizidwa ndi kunyozedwa, chifukwa tchire ndi lalifupi kwambiri. 
Kumene angagule mbewu?
Monga tanenera kale, phwetekere "Chimongoli" amalembedwa paliponse, kotero palibe malo ogulitsira malo omwe mungathe kugula mbewu zosiyanasiyana. N'zotheka kuzigula okha kuchokera kwa osonkhanitsa okha, atapanga dongosolo pa intaneti. Koma muyenera kusamala, popeza pali ogulitsa osakhulupirika omwe amapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato, kuwatcha "Mongolia amwenye". Choncho ndi bwino kugula okha kuchokera kwa ogulitsa odalirika amene adziwonetsa bwino. Mbali yaikulu ya "nyenyezi" iyi ndi chitsamba chochepa, zomwe zimayambira pamtunda wa 15-20 cm mwamphamvu. Mitundu ina ya phwetekere ilibe malowa.
Phwetekere "chinenero cha Mongolia" chakhala nacho zokongola ndi zochitika koma kungodziwa kuti ndizodziŵika bwino ndi zosiyana siyana, sikutheka kupanga malingaliro anu enieni. Kugula mbewu ndi kubzala ndi njira yabwino yodziwira ngati zosiyanasiyanazi ndi zabwino, monga ena amanenera.
