Kukulitsa mavwende ndi mavwende mu polycarbonate wowonjezera kutentha: kubzala ndi kusamalira

Nkhaka ndi zukini zimakula zambiri mu mabedi kumbali zonse za dzikoli. Koma kokha olima munda wamaluwa kwambiri achibale awo mu dzungu banja - mavwende ndi mavwende.

Koma zabwino zokolola za zipatsozi zimakhala ndi mavitamini ndi macronutrients n'zosavuta kupeza ngakhale kumpoto. Zabwino zokha ndizofunika wowonjezera kutentha

Chifukwa chiyani mu wowonjezera kutentha?

Gourds zofuna nthaka, chinyezi ndi kutentha kwa mpweya. Mzu wozama sumalekerera pafupi pansi, umayamba kuvunda. Chakumapeto kwa chisanu, chomwe chimakhala chachilendo m'madera ozizira, sasiya mbande mwayi wopulumuka.

Kukolola kozizira kwa chilimwe sikudzawononge, koma adzakhudza kukoma. Zipatso zidzakhala zosangalatsa, madzi. Mukamapatsa mavwende ndi mavwende mu malo obiriwira a mavutowa mungapewe.

Kodi ndi wowonjezera kutentha kotani?

Chojambula ndi chophimba chingakhale chilichonse. Kotero kukula Mavwende ndi mavwende mu polycarbonate wowonjezera wowonjezera amapeza othandizira awo. Yesetsani kukhala wokoma mtima pafilimu yotsika mtengo.

Ndikoyenera kumvetsera zokha pa mfundo zingapo.

• wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala wapamwamba. Chabwino, pafupifupi mamita awiri. Kuwombera kwa mavwende ndi mavwende, womangirizidwa ku trellis, kukwera pamwamba;
• kuteteza mpweya wozizira. Mapangidwe sayenera kukhala ndi mipata, kutsekemera, kutuluka kwa zofunda;
• kuthetseratu chitukuko cha matenda a fungal (mavwende ndi mavwende ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa iwo).

  M'katikati mwa nyengo kuti asamalire chithunzi ndi nthaka mu wowonjezera kutentha Bordeaux osakaniza kapena njira ya buluu vitriol.

Kodi tikusowa "oyandikana nawo"?

Choncho kuti wowonjezera kutentha sichimaima ndikudikirira kutentha kwabwino kuti apange vwende, ukhoza kufesa mmenemo masamba oyambirira kapena radishes. Mavwende ndi mavwende omwe amayamba kale samapweteka. Gourds adzakula bwino pafupi ndi chilala chosagonjetsedwa, tomato ojambula zithunzi, eggplant.

Nkhuka zokhumba misala ndi tsabola wa Chibulgaria sizitha kukhala oyandikana nawo bwino. Ochirikiza nyengo yotentha, mavwende ndi mavwende amadwala matenda (powdery mildew, angular spotting, peronosporosis) ndi chinyezi cha makumi asanu ndi limodzi peresenti.

Ndi mitundu iti yosankha?

Kulima mu wowonjezera kutentha wina ayenera kusankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zazikulu zapakatikati kapena nyengo ya kucha. Mitundu ya mavwende: "Sunny", "Chinunkhira Chokoma", "Garden Garden", "Thiratu", "Rainbow", "Autumn" imapereka zokolola zabwino mu greenhouses. Mitundu yotchuka Mavwende: "Sibiryak", "Moscow Charleston", "Mphatso ya Kumpoto", "Spark", "Cinderella", "Ultra Early".

Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji dothi?

Mavwende ndi mavwende amakonda nthaka yachonde yofooka kapena yopanda ndale. Ziyenera kukhala zosasamala, kupuma. Madzi ochepa sayenera kuloledwa.. Ndi bwino kuyamba kukonzekera nthaka kuti ikhale yokolola. Ikani mabedi, nsomba, manyowa ovunda.

Amakonda kuthera tizilombo toopsya m'munda wachisanu. M'chaka, mukhoza kupanga manyowa kapena humus ndi feteleza mchere.

Pofuna kukonza mapangidwe a nthaka, chidebe cha mchenga wa mtsinje chimatsanulidwira mumtunda uliwonse wa mamita a malo ndipo mabedi akumbidwa. Kuchepetsa nthaka acidity Mitengo ya calcium ndi magnesium imaphatikizidwa. Amadyetsa zomera ndikukulitsa kukula kwawo.

Sulfure kapena ammonium sulphate amathandiza kuwonjezera asidi bwino. Dziko lapansi panthawi yobzala mbande limakhala lofunda. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani nthaka yosanjikizana ndi kuya kwa fosholo, ikani chisakanizo cha udzu ndi humus, kutsanulira ndi madzi ambiri otentha. Dulani pansi kuchokera pamwamba ndikuphimba ndi zojambulazo..

Kodi muyenera kudziwa chiyani za mbande?

Zinthu ziwiri zimakhudza kubzala mbewu zamphamvu, zathanzi:

1. Mbeu yosankhidwa bwino. Ziyenera kukhala zazikulu komanso zapamwamba kwambiri. Musapangidwe kungathandize njira ya mchere. Mbewu imayikidwa mu madzi (supuni ya tiyi mu galasi la madzi). Pewani kutaya kunja. Kufesa kumatha kukhazikika pansi. Zoonadi kutero yambani zitsulo zamcherekuti ziume.
2. Dothi lopatsa thanzi. Zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo, koma n'zosavuta kudziphika. Milogalamu itatu ya humus yokhala ndi kilogalamu ya mtedza. Onjezerani 200 gr. phulusa ndi phulusa ya potaziyamu sulphate. Nthawi zina peat kapena mchenga wa mtsinje wothira. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yowonongeka, yowala, yabwino kudutsa chinyezi.

Kodi mungatani kuti zikhale ndi mavwende ndi mavwende mu wowonjezera kutentha? Mbande zimayamba kukula nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro kwa April. Kuchokera kubzala mbeu yokonzekera kupita kumalo otentha, zimatengera masiku 25-35 mavwende ndi 20-25 mavwende. Malingana ndi izi, muwone tsiku lenileni lomwe anayamba ntchito.

Miphika ya peat ya mbande (ingasinthidwe ndi makapu apulasitiki kapena botolo losadulidwa) imaphatikizidwira mbewu imodzi mozama masentimita atatu. Pamwamba chophimba ndi zojambulajambula. Kutentha kumakhalabe kosakwana 25ºC. Pakuwonekera kwawombera filimuyo imachotsedwa. Ngati wowonjezera kutentha utenthedwa, miphika yomwe imakhala ndi mavwende ndi mavwende amasamutsidwa kumeneko. Ngati kutentha kuli kochepa, mukukula pawindo.

Kupereka mphamvu kwa zomera zazing'ono kudzakuthandizira malangizo angapo.

• Mbande zimafuna kuwala kochuluka. Kuteteza zomera kuti zisatuluke Pangani maola a usana (maola oposa 14);
• kuthirira kumachitidwa mosamala. Madzi akafika pamasamba, amatha kuvunda;
• zomera zimagwirizana ndi "malo awo". Miphika sayenera kuyima pafupi;
• Musanyalanyaze zowonjezera mavitamini.

Mu wowonjezera kutentha, mbande zimasunthira ku gawo la masamba awiri kapena atatu enieni. Dziko lapansi liyenera kutentha mpaka 14ºC. Kutentha kwa usiku kumakhala kochepa kuposa 5ºC-8ºC ya kutentha, ndipo masana ali pamwamba pa makumi awiri.

Mwadzidzidzi kutaya kutentha kwa mpweya, mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha ziyenera kuphimbidwa. Zomera satumiza ngakhale zachisanu.

Zipatsozi zimachotsedwa mosamala kuchokera ku chidebe cha pulasitiki pamodzi ndi clod ya dziko lapansi ndi kulowetsedwa m'madzi otenthedwa ndi madzi ofunda. Kuzama kwake ndi masentimita 10. Mitengo imayikidwa pamtunda wa 50 - 70 masentimita wina ndi mzake mu kachitidwe ka checkerboard. Pamwamba nthaka mulch utuchi.

Mukhoza kuika zomera ziwiri mu dzenje limodzi. Mliri munkhaniyi umatumizidwa kumbali yotsatizana. Pofuna kupewa kuvunda kwa khola la mizu, musamikemo chomera kwambiri m'nthaka. Ndani ayenera kukwera pamwamba pa 2 cm.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?

Yobu kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino osati zovutakoma kumafuna kutsata ndi zikhalidwe zina.

• Good fruiting adzapereka bwino anapanga chomera.

Kodi mungapange bwanji mavwende mu polycarbonate wowonjezera kutentha? Mukamapatsa mavwende pamwamba pa tsamba lachisanu, yesetsani kukula (monga nkhaka). Sabata ndi hafu - magawo awiri a mzere wapansi adzawonekera. Ofooka ayenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga. Pa mphukira zonse zamphamvu kuti muime pa mfundo yokula. Ndikofunikira! Ngati mukufuna kupeza zipatso zabwino, zowutsa mudyo, mabulosi amodzi ayenera kumera paulusi uliwonse.

Kuti muchite izi, dikirani mpaka ovary ikukula mpaka masentimita asanu. Sankhani mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri. Zonse Mazira ndi maluwa adzachotsedwa, ngakhale ngati mumawakonda. Apo ayi, mumapeza zipatso zing'onozing'ono, zokoma ndi zokoma.

Kodi mavwende amathira chitukuko pamwamba pa pepala lachisanu. Pambuyo pake, amachotsa mphukira za m'munsi (maluwa amamera mochedwa, zipatso sizikhala ndi nthawi yoti zipse). Nsonga zotsatizana zimangirizidwa ku trellis kumbali zonse za mphukira yaikulu. Akuwombera popanda mazira ochotsedwa.

Mbali ikuwombera ndi mazira aimala pamwamba pa tsamba lachitatu pamwamba pa mkazi, pamwamba pachisanu ndi chiwiri pamwamba pa maluwa amphongo. Mavwende wokwanira kuchoka pa chomera chimodzi nzipatso zopitirira zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi.
• Mavwende ndi mavwende amafunika kupereka dzuwa ndi kutentha zambiri.

30 ° C amaonedwa kuti ndibwino kwa chitukuko cha mavwende. Ndi kutentha kwautali, wowonjezera kutentha amawombera potsegula mazenera kapena zitseko. Njirayi imalepheretsa mapangidwe a condensation. Ndikofunikira! Mavwende amanyamula kutentha kulikonse. Mavwende kuchokera kutentha kotentha ayenera kumangidwa ndi zinthu zoteteza. Mukhoza kulima chomera (mwachitsanzo, nyemba zoyenda).

• Chinyezi chiyenera kukhala chochepa.

Mavwende ndi mavwende ali ndi mizu yozama yomwe imawalola kuchotsa madzi pansi. Pamene mizu idzavunda, ming'alu idzawoneka pa zipatso. Mitengo yokha idzauzidwa za kusowa kwa chinyezi. Ngati masamba adabzala, ndi nthawi yokhala ndi madzi. Njira yothirira madzi, yomwe imaletsa madzi kulowa m'masamba, yatsimikizira bwino.

• Akufunika garter ku trellis.

Izi ziyenera kuchitika pamene zomera zimakhala zochepa, pansi pa tsamba lachiwiri kapena lachitatu. Ndi kukula kwa chikwapu chopotoka.

• Kuwonekera maluwa achikasu amasonyeza kufunikira koti apite ku gawo lotsatirali - kuwunikira.

Ndikofunika kuti musataye nthawi. Maluwa a amuna adzagwa mu maola angapo. Akazi amatha kuyambitsa mungu chifukwa masiku atatu. Mavwende odzola akhoza kudziimira. Koma chifukwa cha ichi mukusowa othandizira amoyo - njuchi.

Ngati kulibe, nkofunika kutenga ndondomeko yoyambitsa mungu. Pezani maluwa wamwamuna. Iwo ndi aakulu ndipo alibe mazira. Ikani iwo ndi kuchotsa pamakhala.

Chitani mosamala kwambiri. Musagwedeze mungu. Onetsetsani mzere wa maluwa amphongo kwa amuna a pistils a kangapo.

• Mavwende ndi mavitamini akukula mu wowonjezera kutentha amafunika kudya ndi ash ash.

Amapatsa zipatso zokoma. Chofunika kwambiri ndi phulusa la vwende. Manyowa amchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pamwezi. Pakatha masiku khumi ndikuyenera kuthirira madzi ndi ammonium nitrate osakanizidwa m'madzi (15 g pa 10 malita a madzi). Ndikofunikira! Mwamsanga zipatso zikayamba kucha, kudya kumayimitsidwa.

• Mabungwe sayenera kugwira pansi.

Pali njira zingapo zothetsera vuto:

1. Kubala zipatso kuti iike aliyense mu ukonde wosiyana ndi womangira ku trellis. Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yotetezera mavwende ndi mavwende.
2. Ikani mbale pansi pa vwende kapena vwende. Njirayi ndi yabwino kwa zipatso zochepa (kapena muyenera kugwa pansi pansi). Ndi chiwombankhanga chiyenera kutchulidwa kufunika kobwereza zipatso nthawi zonse chifukwa cha kucha kwawo.
3. Pangani masamu a zinthu zilizonse, kuzikonzekera pamakoma a wowonjezera kutentha. Zipatso ziyenera kutembenuzidwanso.
4. Nthawi zina makatoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa ukonde. Zili zovuta kuti zigwirizane ndi trellis, zimakhala zovuta kufufuza kukula kwa mwanayo.

Pa kukula kwa mavwende adzanena khungwe lowala ndi ndondomeko yoyera, shrunken stem ndi mndandanda womveka bwino pamene mukuponya mabulosi. Mavwende okoma amapatsa fungo lapadera. Sungani mbewuzo mu makatoni. Makamaka chipatso chirichonse mu chidebe chosiyana.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji zolakwa?

Nthawi zina, mavitamini samangiriridwa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zolakwa.

1. Kusankhidwa kwa mbewu yolakwika. Agule bwino m'masitolo apadera. Samalani moyo wa alumali ndi kuvomerezeka kwa kulima kumadera ena;
2. Kuphulika kwa zikhalidwe za kukula mbande ndi zomera za fruiting. Mapangidwe a lashes, garter, pollination amakhudza mapangidwe omimba mazira;
3. Kutentha kwakufupi. M'nyengo yozizira mvula chilimwe akuyenera kupereka zina zotentha zotentha ndi kutsindika zomera ndi LED kapena nyali za sodium.

Pansi pa zovuta zomwe zimabzala ndi kusamalira, mavwende ndi mavwende m'minda ya greenhouses sangawonongeke kuposa pansi pa dzuwa. Makhalidwe abwino, mavitamini ndi mavwende alimi adzasangalala ndi zokolola zambiri ndi kukoma kokoma.

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