Mabilera amadziwika ndi alimi onse komanso ali ndi minda yaing'ono. Kukula mofulumira ndi zosavuta zomwe zilipo zimakopa ambiri. Zidzakhala zothandiza kwa eni ake kuti adziwe zomwe nkhuku zikhoza kuchitika kwa nkhuku, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo chawo.
Chophimba chotsutsana ndi matenda
Osautsa masana a tsiku ndi tsiku amakhala osatetezeka ndipo amafunikira chidwi chapadera. Mankhwalawa samapangidwabe, njira ya kusinthanitsa thupi sichikhazikitsidwa. Choncho, chitetezo cha nkhuku (ndi akulu) chimadalira mwachindunji chisamaliro chaumunthu.
Monga mbalame iliyonse yofulumira, imafuna mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Mphamvu ya "mpweya" imayambitsa maonekedwe a pulema yamadzimadzi, madzi akuthamanga m'mimba (ascites), ndi kusungunuka kwa madzi pamtima (hydropericarditis). Onetsetsani kuti mupatsa mpweya wabwino. Chofunika kwambiri pa umoyo wa mbalame ndi "nyumba" yake. Mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala ofunda kuti mimba isakhale yochuluka. Musanayambe "kusungunula" selo imapsa mtima mpaka 24-33 ° С (mu minda yaing'ono nyali imapachikidwa pamwamba pa bokosi). M'tsogolomu, ikhoza kuthetsa vuto kusiyana ndi kutsekula m'mimba nkhuku.
Pakangotsala maola angapo kuti madzi atenthe, madzi ofunda (pafupifupi 25 ° C) amawonjezeredwa kwa omwa madziwa ndi kuwonjezera kwa ascorbic acid ndi shuga pa mlingo wa 2 ndi 50 g, motero. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha chitukuko cha njira zowonjezera m'mimba. Pofuna kupewa matenda opatsirana m'mimba monga mankhwala oyenera monga "Biomos".
Ndikofunikira! Ma shelfu moyo wa "Biomosa" sadutsa zaka chimodzi ndi theka. "Factory" ikuwoneka kuti yodzaza ndi matumba awiri a makilogalamu 25.Mavitamini ndi mchere amakonzekera nkhuku zofooka m'madzi. Mu masabata awiri oyambirira, chakudya chimaperekedwa ngati mawonekedwe a tizilombo tochepa; chakudyachi chiyenera kukhala ndi mapuloteni osakaniza ndi mafuta. "Kuyambira" kotereku kugulitsidwa mochuluka.
Tsoka ilo, chakudya chosauka kwambiri chimapezeka pamsika. Atatha, kutsekula m'mimba kumayamba nkhuku, ndipo mankhwala ake amafunika mankhwala atsopano. Awa ndi ma probiotics ndi mavitamini owonjezera omwe amaperekedwa kudyetsa. Musanawagwiritse ntchito, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi veterinarian.
Ndipo, ndithudi, madzi. Omwe amamwa mowa amatha kutsukidwa nthawi zonse, kenaka amayenera kuikidwa mosamala - ndizoopsa kudzala "mathithi" kuzungulira dzenje.
Zonsezi zidzathandiza achinyamata kuti akule, koma sangakhale ndi chiyembekezo chokhudzana ndi thanzi lawo. Choncho, aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ayenera kudziwa zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a ziweto zawo ndi momwe angachitire.
Mukudziwa? Kubzala pa mafakitale akugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa White Plymouth ndi Cornish.
Matenda opatsirana a broilers: kufotokoza ndi mankhwala
Mlimi wodziwa bwino amadziwa kuti panthawi ya kukula akhoza kukhala nthawi yapadera pamene chiopsezo cha matenda ndi chachikulu kwambiri. Akatswiri amatsimikizira izi, kutchula nthawi zoopsa: 0-5, 20-25 ndi 35-40 masiku. Panthawi ino, mbalame imafuna diso ndi diso. Tidzakambirana Matenda omwe amafala kwambiri a broilers, zizindikiro zawo ndi chithandizo choyenera.
Coccidiosis
Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha maimililo (Eimeria), omwe amachititsa kuti muphungu ukhalepo. Chifukwa cha kutupa kotero, matenda ena akhoza kuchitika, choncho ngozi ya coccidiosis sayenera kuchepetsedwa.
Wonyamulira wa matendawa akhoza kukhala mumapangidwe, mabedi, mbale zodyera ndi feeders. Nkhuku iliyonse yomwe ili ndi zaka 10 ikhoza kutenga kachilomboka.
Zizindikiro:
- kufooka kwakukulu;
- kuchepetsa kudya;
- kupindula pang'ono;
- chisangalalo chosadziwika;
- ludzu;
- Kutsekula m'mimba ndi zowonjezera zofiira kapena lalanje. Chotupa chakuda kapena chakuda chimakhala ndi zotsekemera. Nthawi zina, mawonetseredwe oterewa sangakhalepo, omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale kachilombo ka HIV.
Choopsa cha matendawa ndi kupulumuka kwa chonyamuliracho. N'zosatheka kuchotsa kwathunthu coccidia, pang'onopang'ono zomwe zimakhala m'matumbo a nkhuku. Choncho, ngakhale mosamalitsa kwambiri disinfection sichidzapereka zotsatira.
Ndikofunikira! Coccidia amasintha bwino mankhwala osiyanasiyana, ndipo amapanga mavuto atsopano. Choncho, aliyense kapena zaka ziwiri, akulangizidwa kuti asinthe coccidiostatics.
Komabe, sizinthu zonse zosautsa. Pofuna kupuma komanso njira zamtundu (kuyimba, kuyeretsa) gwiritsani ntchito otchedwa coccidiostatics. Mankhwalawa amagawidwa mu mitundu iwiri. Malo ogulitsira amapereka lasalocid, salinomycin, naprazin, monensin. Izi ndizionetsero zomwe zimapangidwira makamaka kupewa ndi kuteteza chitetezo. Pang'onopang'ono amawonjezeredwa kuyambira masiku khumi. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo asanaphedwe, amachotsedwa ku zakudya.
Molunjika kwa mankhwala a mitundu yovuta Chemistry amagwiritsidwa ntchito: totazuril, nicarbazine, robenidine, amprolium (zonse zimaganizira komanso 20%) ndipo njira zoterezi zimaphatikizidwa ku madzi. Phunzirani mosamala mlingo, chifukwa ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali.
Mankhwalawa amasungunuka ndi madzi kwa masiku atatu kapena asanu (malingana ndi mtundu wa mankhwala ndi kukula kwa chifuwa chotenga matenda)
Matenda omwe amatchulidwawa ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe broilers amamwalira pamwezi uliwonse. Wina "mankhwala" - okonzekera mankhwala oyambirira. Muzitsulo zing'onozing'ono, samapezeka kawirikawiri, koma kufufuza n'kofunika.
Mukudziwa? Zitsulo zoyamba zija zinkawonekera kale - zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Aiguputo. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusudzulana kwa mafakitale mbalame zoterezi zinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900.
Aspergillosis
Wothandizira matendawa ndi bowa la nthaka lomwe limalowa m'thupi kuchokera ku malo owonongeka, kuyala ndi kudyetsa. Makamaka aperpergill ndi owopsa kwa anapiye akale.
Kwa nyama zonyansa zodwala, njira yovuta ndi yofunika, pamene nkhuku zazikulu, aspergillosis zimatenga mawonekedwe osatha. Zizindikiro za mibadwo yosiyana ndizosiyana..
Wachinyamata:
- kukula;
- kuperewera ndi kupuma mofulumira;
- kufooka kwakukulu;
- "kumapanga" mpweya, broiler imakoka khosi pamwamba.
- kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kupanga dzira;
- ntchentche zimachokera m'maso ndi mitsempha;
- kukwanira kwathunthu;
- feteleza;
- kupuma kovuta.
Ngati ma broilers akudumpha ndikuwuluka, funso likubwera, chochita ndi momwe mungachiritse? Choyamba ndicho kufotokozera za matendawa.
Kwa munthu wodziwa zambiri, izi sizili zovuta - pamene kudula mbalame yodwala m'mapapu pali mitundu yonse ya bowa wotsutsa. Mukhozanso kudziwa ndi mazira - mankhwalawa kuchokera ku zigawo zodwala amadwala ndi aspergillus. Atathyola dzira, idzawoneka ngati bulauni chobiriwira kapena chakuda.
Ngati mulibe zoterezi, funsani katswiri. Zoona, mayesero akhoza kuchedwa chifukwa cha moyo wapadera wa matenda.
Mankhwala ophera antibiotics ndi othandizira a ayodini amachiza mankhwala. Koma poyamba zipinda zimayambira - monga tikudziwira, matendawa amafalikira mlengalenga.
Kuram prick nystatin, intraconazole, instatin, mycoplasis ndi ma antibiotic omwewo. Iodide ya potaziyamu imadulidwa m'madzi (0.2-0.3 mg pa nkhuku). Copper sulphate ndi njira yothetsera vutoli, imagulitsidwa masiku asanu (mofanana ndi 1/2000).
Ndikofunikira! Nthawi yosakaniza yothandizira aspergillosis imatha masabata awiri.
Kawirikawiri, katemera sagwira ntchito, choncho ndizomveka kuti mutembenuzire ku processing nkhuku nkhu. Pachifukwachi mukufunikira njira zotsatirazi:
- Gawo la iodine (1%), tengani 5 - 10 ml / cu. Chiwonetsero - 1.5 maola;
- 2% ya boric acid yankho. Mlingo womwewo ndi kuwonekera;
- Chloride-mtundu wotchulidwa. 0.2 ml ya laimu ndi kuchuluka kwa turpentine kumatengedwa pa mita imodzi;
- Monochloride iodine. 0,5 ml / m. Cube kwa chipinda chosindikizidwa. Lembani madziwo muzitsulo zamakono kapena pulasitiki, onjezerani ufa wothira zitsulo zotayika mu chiwerengero cha 1/20. Kuwonetsa - mpaka mphindi 40 ndikupitirizabe kuyenda. Njira yachizolowezi ya mankhwala ndi itatu mwa masiku atatu.
- Revolin ndi nystatin zimatulutsidwa, mamita a cubic 300 amafunika pa mita imodzi;
- 1% berenyl: mpaka 10 ml / m. cc Osachepera theka la ora lotsekula, masiku 3 mpaka 4 akukonzekera.
Mukudziwa? Ku Ulaya, nkhuku nyama imakhala pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya chakudya cha nkhuku. Ndipo ma broilers amakhulupirira mwachidwi kutsogolera pakati pa mitundu yoimiridwayo.
Matenda a Marek
Matenda owopsa ndi ofala, omwe amachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kupanga mankhwala a broilers ku matendawa si chinsinsi kwa alimi ndi ziweto. Gulu loopsya ndi nkhuku masiku oyambirira atatha, pamene kachilombo kamapezeka. Kuchenjera kwa matendawa kumakhala kumapeto kwake (zizindikiro zoonekeratu zikhoza kuwonekera ali ndi zaka 2 mpaka 3).
Zizindikiro:
- Kutaya thupi ndi kufooka kwakukulu;
- Limping;
- Maso odwala (asintha mawonekedwe a ophunzira mu zigawo);
- Nthawi zonse amaponyedwa kumbali ya khosi;
- Kutaya madzi m'thupi (ndi matenda ambiri).
Katemera umatsirizidwanso pakati pa masiku 10 ndi 21. Katemera ndi Nobilis mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pankhaniyi, ndibwino kuti muyankhule ndi odwala matendawa.
Matendawa ndi ovuta kuchiza chifukwa cha nthawi yake yachilendo. Mbalame yokhala ndi miyendo yowonongeka imakhala yovuta kuchokapo. Ngati zizindikiro zina zimapezeka, pafupifupi 30% ya nkhuku zodwala zimafa.
Kutupa Mphuno Yanga
Matenda ambiri. Amatchedwa bacterium mycoplasma. Kutenga kumachitika mlengalenga, ndipo nkhuku zimatenga matendawa akadali mu dzira. Zimasiyanitsa pang'onopang'ono (mpaka masiku 20). Pafupifupi zaka zomwezo zingathe kuchitika nkhuku. Malo otetezeka ndi zaka kuyambira 20 mpaka 45 masiku, koma nkhuku zowonongeka zimayambanso. Chizindikiro chowonekera kwambiri cha matenda - nkhuku zimalira ndikuwuluka, ndi momwe tingachitire, timalingalira mwatsatanetsatane.
Zizindikiro:
- wheeze;
- mpweya wochepa;
- kukula;
- kusowa kudya.
- zikopa zotupa (kawirikawiri, koma nthawi zina).
Mu nkhuku zakale, zizindikiro zomwezo zimawonetsedwa, komanso kuwonjezera - kuchepa kwa dzira. Zonsezi zikhoza kuwonetsa matenda ena (hemophilia, bronchitis, pneumovirus). Mycoplasmosis imafalitsidwa mosavuta kwa anthu wathanzi, ngakhale odwala angapo amatha kuchiza ziweto zonse. Choncho, timachita chithandizo.
Ndikofunikira! Chithandizo cha mycoplasmosis chidzafuna ndalama zina - mankhwala osiyanasiyana angatchedwe kuti angakwanitse, ndipo nthawi zina kumawavuta kumidzi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito majekeseni ochepa. Mankhwala opatsirana amaperekedwa kwa nkhuku monga:
- Tialong (0.1 g / 1 kg kulemera kwa thupi);
- "Tylanic" (onse 5% ndi 20%);
- Farmazin (50,200);
- Tilocolin AF (0,5 g / 1 kg);
- Tilobel (50,200).
Funso losiyana ndi mankhwala a zizindikiro zosadziwika. Pano pali zokonzedwa zovuta: Biofarm, Gidrotrim, Eliprim, Tilokol, Macrodox 2000, Denagard. Ambiri a iwo akusakaniza mowa, koma gawo lalikulu lakonzedwa kuti likhale chakudya. Choncho, mlingowo ndi wosiyana. Kuti musasokonezeke posankha - funsani ndi wogulitsa kapena veterinarian.
Mukudziwa? Mitengo yambiri ya zakudya imakhala yatsopano ya broiler nyama. Mpaka masiku asanu - kwambiri chic kwa gourmet.Polimbana ndi vuto lokhala ndi ma broilers ndikupeza momwe tingachitire, tiyeni tiime pa disinfection. Kusankha njira zopopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kochepa:
- "Monklavit" (3 ml / m 3 cube);
- 30% lactic acid (10 ml);
- "Ecocide" (0.15 ml);
- Yodotriethylene glycol (0,7 ml).
Matenda a chideru
Dzina lina ndichinyengo-wit. Ndizoopsa kwa mbalame za mibadwo yonse, ndipo zinyama zonse ndi anthu amatha kukhala ogwira ntchito. Matendawa ndi olimba kwambiri - akhoza kufalikira mkati mwa makilomita 10.
Zizindikiro:
- kutopa kwakukulu;
- chisokonezo;
- kusokoneza mutu;
- kutsekula m'mimba;
- ntchentche kuchokera pakamwa ndi pamphuno;
- chifuwa;
- wophunzira;
- kupuma.
Mwatsoka Kuchiza matendawa sikungatheke - nkhuku zathanzi zili pangozi ndi izi. Kutsekula m'magazi, zakudya, kuyeretsa komanso kutalika kwa ogula. Pa katemera, inunso musaiwale. Zakudya zamakono zimatemera katemera, koma izi ndizofunikira kwa nkhuku.
Mankhwalawa amapezeka kale ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira, ndipo katemera m'deralo amachitika ali ndi zaka makumi awiri ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri (25) kwa nyumba zopangira nyumba, nthawiyi siidutsa masiku khumi ndi asanu, amatsika m'mphuno kapena maso. Nkhuku zazikulu zimachiritsidwa ndi kusokoneza. Ngati gulu liri lalikulu, iwo alibe "kugwiritsira ntchito", kupereka chonchi chotchedwa katemera wamoyo, kuchepetsedwa m'madzi. Iye ndi wamwano kwambiri, koma amachititsa kanthawi kochepa.
Phunzirani mwatsatanetsatane deta za momwe mukugwiritsira ntchito ndi ndalama zanu - zina mwazo zimatsutsana kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Nkhuku zazikulu monga chakudya zimatsutsana ndi nkhuku zazing'ono.
Pullorosis
Mwanjira ina, matendawa amatchedwa white typhoid. The causative agent ndi bakiteriya a Salmonella. Zowopsa kwambiri kwa nkhuku kuyambira masiku asanu ndi awiri mpaka 20. Ndilo khalidwe limene akuluakulu a broilers amatha kupitilira popanda kutchulidwa zizindikiro:
- Kutsegula m'mimba ndi mazira wobiriwira;
- ludzu;
- kugona kwa achinyamata;
- mpweya wochepa;
- Chisa chotumbululuka (akuluakulu).
Mwachizoloŵezi, nkhuku yodwala ikhoza kufa kamodzi pa sabata. Ngati kachilomboka kankachitika pa sabata lachiwiri kapena lachitatu, ndiye kuti matendawa adzakhala ndi mawonekedwe osatha. Mungathe kuzindikira kuti mbalameyi siimatha kugwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri pamakhala matumbo.
Mukudziwa? Mabililers ndi hybrids kuchokera kudutsa mizere yosiyanasiyana ya nkhuku zinyama. Ntchito zoterezi zinayamba kugwira ntchito pakatikati pa zaka zapitazo ndipo tsopano zafika pachimake.
Kutsekula kotereku mu nkhuku za broiler ndi zofuna zowonjezera zowonjezera osati eni eni okha, komanso amwenye. Chowonadi n'chakuti palibe maphikidwe owonekera pankhani ya pullorosis. Kuonjezera apo, ngakhale mankhwala amphamvu opha tizilombo samathetsa matendawa. Choncho, mankhwalawa amatenga mawonekedwe a prophylactic.
Zosungidwa - furazolidone ndi biomitsin. Iwo amawonjezeredwa kudyetsa:
- Furazolidone: mitu 2 g / 1000 (1 - 5 tsiku), 3 g (kuchokera 5 mpaka 15), tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Biomitsin: 1 g / 1000 mitu kuyambira masiku 1 mpaka 10, 1.2 g - kuchokera miyezi 11.
Musaiwale komanso za chithandizo cha chipindacho, kutaya matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sikungakhale kosasangalatsa.
Kupewa matenda a broiler
Matenda a mbalame amafunika njira zenizeni zothandizira, koma kupewa ndi kofala komanso kovomerezeka pazitsulo zonse. Palibenso ambiri, koma kufunikira kwake ndi koonekeratu.
Chinthu choyamba chiri chipinda ndi kukonzekera kwake. Ife tanena kale izo kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi. Timaphatikizapo kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyenera kuchitidwa mofanana, ngakhale kumidzi ya kumidzi. Mmodzi sayenera kuiwala za kulimbana ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo - ndizo zonyamula matenda oopsa kwambiri. Ngati n'kotheka, peŵani kukhudzana ndi mbalame kapena nyama zina. Sikoyenera kukumbutsani za ukhondo - m'malo mwa zinyalala ndi zinthu zatsopano zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda.
Ndikofunikira! Msuzi amakhala ndi chinyezi pang'ono, pomwe udzu suli wotayirira ndipo kubereka kwa bowa wochuluka mmenemo sikokwanira.
Katemera amadalira zaka ndi malo ogula mbalameyi. Kawirikawiri amatenga nkhuku zatsiku. Ngati mumagula munda wa nkhuku, nthawi zambiri amapezeka katemera. Ngakhale katemera wowonjezera udzakhala wothandiza.
Kugwirizana ndi zakudya sichimatengera matenda ambiri. Zakudya zapamwamba kwambiri, premixes ndi mavitamini, pokhala ndi mlingo woyenerera wa mlingo, onetsetsani kukula kolimba. Zimapangidwa ndi zipangizo zambiri, koma mukhoza kuyenda mwa kuwerenga nkhaniyo kapena kupempha wogulitsa.
Mwini enieni nthawi zonse adzawona zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa. Choncho musakhale aulesi kuti muyang'ane zinyama. Ngati nkhuku zingapo zidatengedwa, izi zimachepetsa ntchito. Ndizofunikira kudzipatula odwala ndikuyang'ana mkhalidwe wawo.
Tinayang'ana matenda omwe amafala kwambiri a broilers, zizindikiro zawo ndi mankhwala. Tikuyembekeza kuti uphungu wathu udzakuthandizani kupeŵa mavuto, ndipo kusunga nyumba kudzakhala kosangalatsa.