Saintpaulia ndi chomera chokongola komanso chamaluwa okongola ofiira. Imakhala ndi maluwa ambiri komanso mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri.
About mbiri yakuwoneka
Zosiyanasiyana zidasanjidwa ku Togliatti ndi obereketsa Elena Korshunova. Chifukwa cha izi, chidule cha EC chimawonjezeredwa ku dzina la mitundu ya violet (mosiyana ndi RS - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Svetlana Repkina).
Violet "Bullfight" (Saintpaulia)
Kufotokozera kwa kalasi
Vutoli ndi losavuta kusiyanitsa mitundu ina yofananira. Zimakhala zamitundu yayikulu-yotulutsa maluwa. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi mbewuyi ndi kupezeka kwa chipewa chokhala ndi maluwa ofiira. Maluwa ndi owoneka ngati nyenyezi, terry kapena nusu-iwiri.
Violet Bullfight limamasula chaka chonse. Choyamba chikuwoneka ngati ma peduncle atatu okhala ndi masamba awiri. Pofika maluwa, ma masamba atatu atatu amakula. Zotsatira zake ndi maluwa okongola. Ngati chomera chimasamalidwa bwino ndipo, chofunikira kwambiri, kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi, duwa la maluwa limakwana 30 cm.
Masamba ndi akulu, otambalala pang'ono, obiriwira owala. Mphepete zawo zimakhala zavy.
Kuchokera pamitundu iyi pamabwera golide wa violet Bullfight (ndiye kuti "golide"). Masamba a Violet Gold Bullfight pakati pazotulukapo ndi zoyera kapena ndi tint ya mandimu. Masamba apansi ndi owala, obiriwira. Maluwa a Cherry okhala ndi masamba awa amawoneka okongola kwambiri komanso okongola.
EK Bullfighting ndi ofanana ndi mitundu ya violets Corrida, Blackberry EK-Magaraja. Bulfighting violet, Mosiyana ndi ma violets Bullfight, imakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu awiri oyera.
Zosamalidwa
Kuti chomera chisangalatse diso ndi maluwa okongola komanso osapwetekedwa, muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa komanso mosamalitsa pazomvera zosamalidwa.
Kutentha
Duwa limamveka bwino pakupendekeka kwapakati pa 18 mpaka 25 digiri. Violet akuwopa kuzizira komanso kukonzekera. Kutentha kwambiri kumayikiranso.
Kuwala
Violet akulimbikitsidwa kuti akhazikitsidwe pa maluwa poyatsira maluwa. Muyenera kuyiyika pazenera, "kuyang'ana" kumpoto, kumpoto chakum'mawa kapena kumpoto chakumadzulo.
Violet amakonda kuwala kowala
Zofunika! Magetsi a dzuwa amadzuwa mwachindunji amasokoneza bongo. Ngakhale izi, ndikofunikira kusunga maola masana kuyambira maola 12 mpaka 14. Kuchepa kwa kuwongolera kumakulipilitsidwa ndi nyali yowoneka ndi chikasu (osati incandescent). Ndipo kamodzi pa masiku atatu chomera chimatembenukira kumbali inayo ndikuwala.
Kuthirira
Kuti zikule komanso maluwa, mbewuyo imafunika chinyezi chokwanira. Zomerazi zimathiriridwa madzi akamphika mumphika lapansi ndipo zimafota pafupifupi gawo lachitatu. Thirirani violet ndi madzi okhazikika, kutentha kwa chipinda. Ndege imayendetsedwa pansi pazu. Madzi sayenera kuloledwa kugwera pamasamba - samangosintha mtundu, komanso kuyamba kuvunda.
Pali njira zingapo zamadzi:
- Madzi amathiridwa mumphika ndi kuthirira akhoza kukhala ndi kutuluka kwa nthawi yayitali.
- Mphika umayikidwa m'madzi kwa 2/3 pafupifupi theka la ola, kuti chinyezi chimatengedwe pansi m'nthaka.
- Chingwe chimakokedwa kudutsa dzenje. Mapeto ake amaikidwa mumtsuko wamadzi pansi pamphika.
Kuwaza
Simungathe kupopera mbewuzo. Kumwaza madzi kumaloledwa motalikirana pafupifupi mita 2 kuchokera pachomera.
Chinyezi
Chinyezi mchipinda chomwe bulfight violet ilipo chizikhala osachepera 50% osati oposa 65%. Chinyezi chitha kupitilizidwa poika zotengera zodzadza ndi madzi pafupi ndi mbewu.
Dothi
Ndikofunikira kuthira osakaniza a dothi osakaniza a violets. Itha kukonzedwa palokha posakaniza peat, tsamba, turf ndi coniffort lapansi, mchenga wofanana. Pulogalamu yaying'ono ya perlite kapena vermiculite imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumasula nthaka.
Dothi la violets
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakadutsa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Nitrogen feteleza ndi ofunikira pakupanga masamba ndi kukula kwa masamba.
Masamba akapangika, kapena mbewu ikatulutsa, imafunikira phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, komanso kufufuza zinthu. Kudyetsa kumachitika ndikusakanikirana kwa mchere. Pulogalamu yovomerezeka ya feteleza iyenera kuchepetsedwa pafupifupi kawiri.
Tcherani khutu! Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika kokha chomera chathanzi. Pambuyo poika, feteleza sagwiritsidwa ntchito pakangotha miyezi iwiri. Kuletsa komweku kumagwiranso ntchito ngati vutoli lakhudzidwa ndi matenda.
Pa maluwa
Nthawi yamaluwa, nyanjayo imafunikira kuthirira nthawi zonse. Ntchito ya wophunzirayo ndikusunga chinyontho m'nthaka. Sayenera kukhala youma ndipo nthawi yomweyo imadzaza madzi.
Kuphatikiza apo, chomeracho chimafunikira feteleza wa phosphate nthawi zonse, kuti maluwawo akhale amphamvu komanso ooneka bwino. Mbewuyi imadyetsedwa mosamalitsa mogwirizana ndi malangizo ogwiritsa ntchito feteleza.
Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani
Zomera zimakhala ndi maluwa.
Utoto ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa
Zosangalatsa. Thupi la pamakhala limasiyana malinga ndi kuunikira: padzuwa ndi ofiira, mumitambo nyengo ya ruby kapena chitumbuwa.
Zovala zamtunduwu zilibe maluwa zomwe zingasiyane kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe ofiira.
Duwa la Saintpaulia
Maonekedwe ndi kukula kwa maluwa
Kukula kwa maluwa ndikakulu - mpaka masentimita 8. Maluwa owoneka ngati nyenyezi, terry.
Nthawi ya maluwa
Chowoneka mosiyanitsa ndi mitundu iyi ya ma violets ndikuti chimamasula pachaka chonse. Pulogalamuyo nthawi zonse imaponyera mitengo yatsopano yomwe maluwa okongola ndi opusa amakula.
Momwe mungafalitsire violet
Pali njira zingapo zofalitsira ma violets: ndi mbewu, tsamba, kutulutsa kwa mwana wamkazi.
Kumera kwa mbeu
Kukula izi ndi thandizo la mbewu kumakhala ndi magawo ambiri, chifukwa chake limangopezeka kwa obereketsa.
Mizu yodula
Tsamba liyenera kudulidwa kuchokera mzere wachiwiri wogulitsa. Chodulacho chimachitika ndi mpeni wakuthwa pafupi ndi mzere wa oblique pafupifupi 3 cm kuchokera pansi pa pepala. Wodula umayikidwa mchidebe chaching'ono ndi madzi kapena ndi dothi losakaniza ndi mchenga. Mizu ikaonekera, phesi liyenera kubzalidwa mumphika ndi dothi. Ana adzawonekera pafupi mwezi.
Kuti mupeze zigawo za ana aakazi, amafunika kudulidwa komanso kuzika mizu. Pa hemp wotsalira atadula chomera, ma rosette ang'onoang'ono aakazi amawoneka. Akakulirakulira pafupifupi 3 cm, amalekanitsidwa ndi kutulutsa kenako ndikuziika m'miphika yaying'ono. Kuyambira pamwambapa amafunika kuphimbidwa ndi phukusi. Pogona amachotsedwa pomwe masamba atsopano amawonekera phuma. Akakula mpaka pafupifupi 4 cm, amachotsedwa.
Mizu ndi kumera kwa odulidwa
Zosankha zina
Pali njira yofalitsira ma violets pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba. Mndandanda wa zochita uzikhala motere:
- kudula pepalalo;
- ikayikeni m'nthaka pafupifupi 2 cm, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono padziko lapansi mozungulira;
- kuphimba ndi mtsuko wagalasi ndikutsanulira.
Thirani mutagula
Violet amamugulitsa chaka chilichonse, kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa Marichi. Kuchepa kwamtunduwu kumachitika chifukwa chakuti maluwa opendekera nthawi yayitali amatsogolera pakutha kwa nthaka. Chomera chimafuna gawo lapansi chatsopano ndi michere. Miphika iyenera kukhala yotalikirapo komanso yotsika, chifukwa muzu wa mbewu umakhala pamwamba panthaka. Zigawo zake zina zimaphatikizidwa. Dawo lamphika siliyenera kupitirira 12 cm.
Zofunika! Mu mbale yowaza, nyanjayo siiphuka.
Mapa mawonekedwe a timiyala ting'onoting'ono, miyala yoyala, ndi chithovu timayala pansi pamphika. Amachotsa chinyezi chambiri, osalola kuwola.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Matenda a Violet amakula ngati ali osakwanira pakuwala kwa dzuwa kapena, m'malo mwake, amawonekera pakuboweka kolimba, amathiridwa ndi madzi ozizira, ndipo ali m'chipinda chochepa kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikangowoneka, masamba onse odwala ayenera kuchotsedwa, chomera chija chiikidwa kaye mumphika watsopano wokhala ndi dothi latsopano. Masamba amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala oyenera ndi fungicidal kwenikweni.
Matenda
Matenda ofala kwambiri a violet Bullfight amachedwa blight, imvi kapena powdery mildew, fusarium, imvi zowola. Zonsezi zimachitika chifukwa chothirira kwambiri kapena osagwirizana ndi zomwe amamangidwa.
Mutha kupulumutsa violet kokha pazitsulo zoyambirira za chitukuko cha matendawa. Zina zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimachokera kumtunda, masamba athanzi amathandizidwa ndimankhwala.
Powdery mildew
Tizilombo
Choopsa chachikulu pamtengowo ndi tizirombo:
- nsabwe za m'masamba;
- kuponya;
- nkhupakupa;
- nematode;
- udzudzu wa bowa;
- tizilombo tambiri.
Ngati masamba a chomera akhudzidwa ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda, muyenera kuwasambitsa ndi njira yothira sokosi, ndiye kuti muwagwiritse ntchito yankho la mankhwala a Alatar, Actellik, Furanon ndi zina.
Mavuto ena
Zosiyanasiyana ndizodandaula. Nthawi zina maluwa amakhala osakhazikika, miyala ya petry imawonekera pambuyo pa maluwa lachitatu.
Zimachitika kuti masamba am'munsi amayamba kutembenukira chikaso msanga. Izi zimachitika popanda yozungulira kutentha. Masamba achikasu sizitanthauza kuti mbewuyo imakhudzidwa ndi matenda aliwonse. Masamba apansi amatha kutembenukira chikasu nthawi zonse ndikugwa, zatsopano zimamera m'malo mwake.
Vutoli yamtundu wa Bullfight ndiwokongoletsa bwino kwambiri chipinda chilichonse. Ubwino wosakhazikika wa mtengowo ndi kuthekera kwake kwa maluwa pachaka chonse. Chomera chikufuna chisamaliro, poyamikira chifukwa chake chimapereka maluwa okongola.
