Geranium (aka pelargonium) nthawi zambiri imamera m'nyumba zopezeka mumzinda. Ndikosavuta kupeza nyumba yopanda zokongoletsera zokongola ngati izi. Kutchuka kotereku kukufotokozedwa ndi kukongola ndi kuzindikira kwa duwa. Kuphatikiza apo, chomerachi chimakhala ndi mitundu ndi mitundu yambiri. Geranium imatha kudulidwa osati mumaphika amaluwa, komanso mabedi a maluwa otseguka. Komanso, pelargonium imagwira ntchito yoteteza: imabweza tizilombo tina ndi fungo lake.
Maluwa odabwitsa oterowo amayenera kukhala m'malo abwino. Kupititsa patsogolo ndikusunga zokongoletsera zachikhalidwe, muyenera kuchita kudula kwa geranium munthawi. Kupanda kutero, pelargonium sidzangotaya maluwa ake owoneka bwino, komanso kutaya mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa: pomwe mphukira zam'mwamba zimakula, nthambi zam'munsi zimayamba kubvunda, zomwe zimapangitsa duwa kukhala losasangalatsa. Ambiri, akukumana ndi vutoli osamvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa, amaponyera majeremusi. Koma ndikokwanira kungongolula munthawi yake, ndiye kuti duwa lake limakhalabe lokongola kwa zaka zambiri.
Eni eni ambiri osadziwa zambiri amaganiza za momwe amayenera kudulira geranium kuti imamasuka ndikufutuka. Ndondomeko imaphatikizidwa muzokakamira komanso nthawi yomweyo yosavuta yosamalira chomera. Mukasiya maluwa osayang'aniridwa, maluwa atakhala ochepa ndi ochepa, masamba ayamba kugwa, ndipo chikhalidwecho chimafota. Kudulira ndi njira yofunika kwambiri, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wobiriwira, ngakhale chitsamba, kuti maluwa azikhala osangalatsa komanso kutalika. Pali njira zitatu zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito michere:
- Kunyumba (yophukira);
- Kutsina;
- Yophukira.
Kodi kudula geraniums
Nthawi ya njirayi imatengera njira yeniyeni. Kudulira kwakukulu kumachitika nthawi yozizira itatha, ndiye kuti kumayambiriro kwa kasupe (kumapeto kwa February - koyambirira kwa Marichi). Pakadali pano, nyengo ya kukula sikunayambike, kotero mbali zonse zowonongeka za chomera mutadulira zidzakhala ndi nthawi yochira.
Pelargonium
Njira yophukira imachitika pa nthawi yomwe maluwa amalizidwa, kuyambira koyambirira kwa Seputembala mpaka Disembala. Amakhala ndi kuchotsedwa kwa masamba owuma ndi ma peduncle. Kudulira kwamtunduwu kumathandizira kukongoletsa kwa ma geraniums, pomwe sizikhudza maluwa otsatira. Zowonjezera zimachitika mu Okutobala. Ngati zimayambitsa matenda zimawonedwa, ziwalo zowonongeka zimatha kuchotsedwa mwachangu. Kudulira kumeneku kumathandiza kuti matenda asafalikire.
Kwa mawu. M'madera otentha, ma geranium nthawi zambiri amakulira m'mabedi amaluwa ndipo, ngati nyengo yotentha ilibe ozizira kwambiri, amasiyidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yozizira. M'malo omwe nyengo yozizira imalamulira, ma geraniums amawayika mu poto nthawi yayitali kwambiri.
Kutsinina sikuloledwa kuchitika nthawi yozizira, chifukwa chomera chimapumira. Chosiyana ndi izi ndi mitundu ya geranium yomwe imatha kuphuka nthawi yozizira.
Zofunika! Kudula kumafuna nthawi. Kuchedwa kuwongolera kudzapangitsa kuti geraniyayo ichimire kwambiri (chomera sichingaphuke konse).
Kudulira sikuyenera kuchitika nthawi yozizira, pokhapokha ngati mphukira zimakhala ndi nthawi yoti zikule kwambiri (mu February zimaloledwa kuchotsa tsinde limodzi). Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti m'malo mwa kudulira ndikukhomera.
Kudulira kwa Geranium
Geranium ndi yamitundu iwiri: pachaka komanso osatha. Poyamba, kudulira ndikusankha ndipo kumangochitika kuti ukonze maluwa. Mlandu wachiwiri, umachitika kawiri pachaka, pomwe ma geranium ang'onoang'ono amalimbikitsidwa kudulidwa kamodzi pachaka.
Kutalika kwa njirayi kumatengera mtundu wa pelargonium. Mitundu yazing'onoting'ono imasowa kwambiri nthawi zambiri kuposa zina.
Mukuyenera kudziwa! M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, chomera sichitha kudulira. Kupatsa duwa mawonekedwe, mphukira zimatha kuchotsedwa pang'ono.
Chifukwa chiyani kudulira
Pamene zimayambira pang'onopang'ono, mphukira zotsika zimayamba kupepuka. Zotsatira zake, masamba amangokhala kokha pamtunda wapamwamba. Chowonadi ndi chakuti geranium pafupifupi samapereka njira zina. Kuti "mudzutse" impso zomwe zili pa iwo, muyenera kudulira. Chifukwa cha izi, mphukira zatsopano ndi masamba achinyamata zimapangidwa.
Njira yayikulu ndikuyambitsa kuti pakhale maluwa ambiri ndikupanga chitsamba chowoneka bwino.
Kudulira kwa masamba ndi njira yoteteza, kutsina kumachitika ngati kuli kofunikira.
Yang'anani! Kusowa kwa dzuwa m'nyengo yozizira kumapangitsa kuti chomera chikule. Zotsatira zake, kukongoletsa kwa pelargonium kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Komabe, wina sayenera kuthamangira kufupikitsa zimayambira, ndibwino kudikira mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo. Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February, zimayambira zimatha kudula mpaka 2/3 ya kutalika. Njira zitha kupewedwa ngati musamalira kuyatsa kwazinthu zamagetsi pasadakhale ndikuwonjezera kuyatsa nyali.
Chifukwa chake, kubzala ndikofunikira:
- Kudzuka kwa impso.
- Pangani mawonekedwe abwino a chitsamba.
- Mapangidwe atsopano inflorescences.
- Kukwaniritsa maluwa ambiri.
- Kuchulukitsa kwa maluwa.
- Kufalikira kwa chikhalidwecho kudzera mu mphukira zatsopano (pakukula ma geraniums, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu, masamba amtundu ndi odulidwa).
- Kuchotsa madera owonongeka a geranium.
Kupangidwa kwakukulu korona
Mosasamala mtundu ndi mtundu womwe mbewuyo ili yake, kudulira kumachitika mosalephera. Kenako, tikambirana za malamulo odulira, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe a njira iliyonse, za momwe tingakhinitsire geranium kuti ikule.
Lashi yotulutsa maluwa
Kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba, mudzafunika tsamba kapena mpeni woonda kwambiri.
Malangizo. Chingwe chosavuta ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito, chifukwa pakunyengeza amatha kuwononga tsinde pamalo odulira.
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Musanayambe kudula, muyenera kupenda maluwa bwino ndikuwona kuti ndi magawo ati omwe adzachotsedwe kuti chitsamba chosalala komanso chabwino chizipezedwa, ndipo palibe zitsamba zopanda masamba popanda masamba ndi inflorescence.
Zofunika! Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, nthawi yophukira ikayamba, kudula geranium kumakhala kuvomerezedwa. Ngati tsinde likakhala lobiriwira, mbewuyo imakhalabe ndi moyo, ndipo masamba atsopano amatenga masiku atatu. Ngati mutakonza thunthu lija ndi kuda ndipo litayamba kuyanika, nyongolosiyo imfa.
Malangizo a tsitsi akuphatikizira zotsatirazi za zochita:
- Choyamba muyenera kuchotsa zouma, kuyamba kufota masamba ndi maluwa. Zotsatira zake, mbewuyo singawononge mphamvu pakapangidwe mphukira zatsopano komanso kubwezeretsa matupi akale.
- Dziwani magawo ati a mbewu omwe akuyenera kuchotsedwa.
- Pangani kudula ndi tsamba lakutetemera pamwamba pa msonkhano wa tsamba, lomwe liyenera kuyang'ana kunja kwa chitsamba. Kukonzedwa kumachitika ndi mowa, madzi otentha kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Manja amayeneranso kukhala oyera.
- Geranium imafupikitsidwa ndi theka, zomwe zimapereka kusinthana kwa mpweya mkati mwa chitsamba ndi mwayi wopezeka ndi kuwala ndi chinyezi ku masamba akutali kwambiri. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Muyenera kuchotsa nthambi zomwe zimayang'aniridwa mkati mwa korona, kusiya okhawo omwe akukula kunja.
- Chitani zinthu zodulidwazo ndi ufa wofiyira ndi kaboni wa sinamoni. Izi ndizofunikira kuti tsinde lisawola.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuganizira mawonekedwe a mtundu wina ndi mitundu ya geranium. Mtundu umodzi umatha kukhala ndi tsinde laling'ono kwambiri, lomwe limakula m'lifupi mwake. China chimadziwika ndi mphukira yoyenda. Chachitatu - chili ndi phesi lalitali, lomwe limakonda kukwera.
Mukuyenera kudziwa! Mothandizidwa ndi kudulira, ndikosatheka kusintha kwambiri chitsamba. Kuyesayesa koteroko kudzatsogolera ku kufa kwa duwa.
Munda wakuchotsa mpeni
Zambiri za kudulira kwa yophukira
Choyamba, geranium iyenera kuphukira, pokhapokha ndi pomwe ikhoza kukonzekera nthawi yozizira. Pakati pa Disembala mpaka pakati pa Okutobala, mbewuyo imakhala yofooka, chifukwa chake kudulira sikuyenera kuchitika panthawiyi.
Mphukira zazitali zosafunikira ziyenera kuchotsedwa patsamba loyamba la tsamba. Poterepa, zimayambira sizilola mphukira mtsogolo. Kuti nthambi zomwe zidakonzedwa zipitirize kukula mtsogolo, zimayenera kuchotsedwa pamalo omwe ali pamwamba pa node.
Tsinde lalikulu limapangidwanso 1/3.
Zomwe zimadulira masika
Ndondomeko ikuchitika kumapeto kwa February - m'ma March. Ziwonetsero zimachitika poganizira kukula kwa geranium. Chitsamba chachikulu sichiyenera kunyengedwa mopepuka (ngakhale kukumbukira kukula kwake). Kupanda kutero, mbewuyo imapatsa mphamvu zake zonse kuti ipangidwe masamba ndi mphukira kuwonongeka kwa mapangidwe a inflorescence (adzawoneka mochedwa kwambiri kapena sadzapezeka konse). Chifukwa chake, ndikokwanira kudula motalika, popanda zimayambira, nthambi zodwala. Ponena ndi chitsamba chaching'ono, kusintha kwakukulu kungachitike.
Kutsina
Musanadine masamba, muyenera kupeza nthambi yayikulu kwambiri patsinde, yomwe imayang'anira zomerazo. Mutha kutsina ndi zala zanu, ndikuzipatula mosamala ndi mphukira. Impso yolimba imatha kudulidwa ndi mitengo yolidulira.
Kwa mawu. Nthawi zambiri, maluwa amayambira mu Meyi. Kutsina kwa geranium ndi chifukwa chomwe chikhalidwechi chimayamba kuphuka mochedwa kuposa masiku onse (mu Meyi). Izi ndichifukwa choti michere imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga njira za ofananira nawo.
Kukanikiza magulu
Kusamalira pambuyo pokonza
Chisamaliro chapadera pankhaniyi sichofunikira. Pulogalamu yokhazikikayi imaphatikizapo izi:
- Pamapeto pa njirayi, ma geraniums amayikidwa m'malo abwino.
- Malo omwe mabala amathandizidwa ndi othandizira: sinamoni kapena kaboni yodziyambitsa.
- Kuchuluka kwa kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachepa. Kuchuluka chinyezi kudzatsogolera ku kufa kwa duwa.
- Apatseni kuyatsa kotsatsa. Ndi wopanda kuwala, ma geraniums amayikidwa pansi pa nyali yochita kupanga.
- Mbewu imadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni kuti mphukira zatsopano ziziwoneka posachedwa. Komanso asidi wa boron wa geranium amalimbikitsidwa ngati feteleza asanafike maluwa. Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zomwe zasonyezedwa phukusi (Sungunulani 0,5 g ya mankhwalawa mu madzi okwanira 1 litre ndikuwaza chomera, chithandizo cha 2-3 chidzakwanira). Pakudya, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito yisiti.
- Tikadulira masika, duwa limafuna kupumula kwa sabata 2. Geranium imayikidwa m'chipinda chotsekeramo bwino kutentha ndi kutentha komanso chinyezi.
Kusamalira ma geranium odulira
Zolakwika wamba pokonza
Ngakhale kuphweka kwa njirayi, olima maluwa a novice nthawi zambiri amachita zinthu zolakwika zomwe zimayambitsa mbewuyo kufa. Zolakwika wamba zimaphatikizapo izi:
- Ngati nthawi zambiri chomera chinali panja, nthawi isanadulire, duwa limayenera kuyima mchipindacho kwa masiku angapo kuti lizolowere nyengo yakunyumba. Eni ake osadziwa zambiri amayamba njirayi atangolowa maluwa m'chipindacho. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chomera chimayamba chikasu, ndiye kuti ndizosatheka kuthana ndi vutoli.
- Kunyalanyaza lamulo la kusakhazikika kwa zida zodulira. Asanayambe ntchito ndipo atamaliza, zida zake zimayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
- Kuthirira kwambiri pambuyo pa nthawi yophukira. Mfundo ina yofunika - momwe mungayendetsere ma geranium. Madzi ayenera kukhala oyera, makamaka osasefedwa. Sungunulani kapena madzi amvula nawonso ali oyenera. Njira ina - yokhazikika kapena yophika.
Chimodzi mwazomera zomwe zimakonda kwambiri wamaluwa ambiri ndi geranium. Kudulira maluwa ochepa sikutanthauza ntchito yambiri komanso maluso apadera, chikhalidwecho chimatha kutulutsa pafupifupi chaka chonse ndipo sichikufunika chisamaliro chapadera. Kudziwa ndikuwona malamulo osavuta a momwe mungakhinimitsire geranium, momwe mungabandere geraniums molondola kudzakuthandizani kukula bwino duwa ndikusunga zokongoletsera zachikhalidwe popanda kuvulaza thanzi lake.
