Momwe mungaberekere nthabwala - kasupe, chilimwe

Munda wamtchire wokonda kukongola umakometsedwa ndi inflorescence zambiri komanso fungo labwino. Akangooneka wonyoza pamalopo, nthawi yomweyo pamakhala chidwi chofuna kubereka kuti apange hedge maluwa otchinga kapena shrub mixborder. Chubushnik ichulukitsa mosavuta, ndipo mutha kusankha njira zilizonse zodziwika.

Ndibereka liti?

Chubushnik ndi wa banja la a Gortenziev, koma anthu amawutcha "jasmine wa m'munda." Chitsamba chidapatsidwa dzina lachi Latin kuti "Philadelphus" polemekeza Mfumu ya Egypt, Ptolemy Philadelphus, komanso "kuseka" kwacha ku Russia ndi chifukwa choti zonyamula mapaipi ndi zotulutsa pakamwa zidapangidwa kuchokera pachikombo chake.

Chubushnik - zokongoletsera zamunda

Kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi 1-2.5 m, mapesi ake ndi osinthika, owonda, masamba ndiwobiriwira, owala. Maluwa amatengedwa mu inflorescence omwe amapezeka pazotsatira zazifupi. Zitha kukhala zosavuta, zophika, zopendekera, zopangira theka kapena zowoneka bwino, zoyera kapena zonona.

Chubushnik limamasula kumapeto kwa June - Julayi kwa masabata atatu, pomwe mitundu ya masika yatuluka kale, jasmine wam'munda umayamba kusangalala ndi kukongola kwake ndi kununkhira kwake.

Maluwa akunyoza

Chubushnik ndi chomera chosasinthika ndipo chitha kufalikira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zonse zodziwika bwino m'munda. Momwe nthabwala za nthabwala zimasekera:

• kugawa chitsamba;
• kudula;
• ndi mbewu;
• masanjidwe.

Nthawi yakuberekera ikhoza kuchitika zimatengera njira yosankhira:

• Nthawi yabwino yogawa tchire ndi Marichi-Epulo.
• Mukamafalitsa ndikudula, njira zitatu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: kasupe, chilimwe ndi yophukira-masika. Kukolola masamba kwa mitengo kudulira kumayamba masamba atagwa. Zodulidwa zodulira zobiriwira zimadulidwa ndikusiyidwa kuti zisungidwe yozizira m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena chapansi pa kutentha kwa 3-5 ℃ pamwamba pa ziro, pomwe zimayambira zimadziwitsidwa mu chidebe chamchenga wonyowa. Kubzala kumatha kuyamba nthawi yamasika maluwa atatupa. Mu masika odulidwa, mphukira zazing'ono zobiriwira zimasankhidwa chitsamba chisanayambe kuphuka, momwe mungafalitsire nthabwala ndi zodula ndi zodula mchilimwe - mutatha maluwa.
• Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mu kugwa - mu Novembala kapena mchaka - mu Epulo.
• Maudzu ali olimba, mphukira zophukira, zakumbidwa kumapeto kwa Epulo - koyambirira kwa Meyi, mkati mwa nyengo, musayiwale kuthirira madzi, ndipo m'dzinja, ndikulola mizu ya zodulidwazo zitha kale ku malo okhazikika.

Kufalitsa mbewu

Kodi kufalitsa mbewu za marshmallow? Iyi ndiye njira yayitali kwambiri komanso yovuta kwambiri yobala. Kuphatikiza apo, pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, simungapeze zotsatira zomwe mukufuna chifukwa mitundu yokhayo yomwe imafalikira ndi mbewu, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatayika. Koma ngati muli kale ndi bokosi lamtengo wapatali lomwe lili ndi njere m'manja mwanu, kutulutsidwa pachitsamba choyandikana, muyenera kuyesa chitsamba.

Mbewu za Chubushnik

M'dzinja lofesa mbewu, njira zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitidwa:

• Kuchokera pa nthanga zomwe zidang'ambika mu Seputembala ndikusololedwa, sonkhanitsani njerezo, ndikuyika mu thumba kapena chikwama ndikuziyika malo ozizira. Kugawika kumatenga masiku 50 mpaka 60.
• Kubzala mbewu kumachitika pamalo, potseguka. Malo oyenera kukonzedweratu pasadakhale: kukumba, manyowa, ma fomu zitunda. Mu Novembala, njere zimasakanizidwa ndi mchenga ndikuwazidwa zitunda. Mbewu zapamwamba zimakonkhedwa ndi kompositi kapena udzu ndikuwaphimba ndi nthambi kuti ziziteteza kumphepo. Chisanu chikasungunuka, nthambi zimatsukidwa, ndipo malowo ndi mphukira amasungunuka kuchokera ku dzuwa.

Mbewu za Chubushnik zimapezeka pa sitolo.

Mu nthawi yamasika, mbewu zimafesedwa mu Epulo mu chidebe chokonzedwa ndi dothi. Mbeu zisanafike zimafunika kukonzekera:

• Ikani nthochi muchikwama cham'madzi ndikuchiviika mu kapu yamadzi pa kutentha kwawoko kwa maola awiri.
• Sanjani chikwama cha nyemba kapena utuchi kwa masiku atatu. Munthawi imeneyi, mbewu zimatupa ndi kumera mwachangu mutabzala.
• Sakanizani mbewu zomwe zakonzedwa ndi mchenga, kubzala m'bokosi lokonzedwa ndi dothi lomwe limakutidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu pamwamba kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha
• Tenthetsani mpweya wowonjezera kutentha tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikuwaza mbewuzo kawiri pa tsiku. Mphukira zoyambirira zimayenera kuwonekera pakatha sabata.
• Mphukira tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichiritsidwe ndi yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kupewa matenda "mwendo wakuda". Kuwonjezera kutentha ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kukupitirirabe.
• Pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa tsamba lachinayi, mbande zimadumphira m'madzi.
• Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, mbande zokhwima zimasinthidwa m'malo otseguka, pamalo otetezeka.
• M'nyengo yozizira, kuti ateteze ku chisanu, zikumera zimafunikira kuphimbidwa ndi kompositi kapena peat.
• Kasupe wotsatira, kuti apange chitsamba chowirira, gawo la mlengalenga liyenera kudulidwa, ndipo pakugwa limasulidwa kumalo okhazikika.

Madzi akuwuluka

Kudula

Kudula kwa nthabwala ndikoyenera kufalitsa mitundu yazitsamba, njira iyi imasunga mawonekedwe onse osiyanasiyana. Njirayi ndiyothandiza, chifukwa ndizotheka kuchita zodula nyengo yonseyo.

Mbande za marshmallow

Kufalikira kwa masika ndi masipika kumachitika kumapeto kwa Epulo - Meyi, musanayambe maluwa. Kuti muchite izi, nthambi zobiriwira zazing'ono zimathyoka limodzi ndi chidendene (chidutswa cha khungwa kuchokera ku mphukira), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mizu ikhale yabwino. Kutalika kofunikira kwa chigawo ndi masentimita 5-7. Masamba otsika a chogwirira amafunika kudulidwa, kusiya imodzi imodzi, kotero kuti mphamvu zonse za nthambi zimapita kukapanga mizu. Pamaso panu, muyenera kukonza poto ndi dothi losakaniza: 1 gawo la peat limasakanizidwa ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga. Mangani zodulidwazo zakudula m'nthaka yokonzeka mpaka kufika masentimita 2. Tsekani pamwamba pamphika ndi botolo la pulasitiki lomwe linadulidwa kuti apange nyengo yabwino. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mpweya wabwino uzidula tsiku lililonse, kuchotsa kapu ya pulasitiki, ndi utsi. Mizu yoyamba imawonekera pakadutsa masabata awiri, ndipo ndizotheka kutulutsa mphukira m'mundamo pakati pa nthawi yophukira.

Kudula kwa nthabwala m'masupe

Kubwezeretsanso kwa chipongwe mwa omwe adula mchilimwe ndikothekanso. Ngati sipanakhale nthawi yokwanira mu kasupe ndipo jasmine wamaluwa watulutsa kale, ndiye kuti kunyoza kudula chilimwe. Atangotulutsa maluwa, mu June-Julayi (malingana ndi mitundu), timitengo tating'onoting'ono timadulidwa ndi ma secateurs, ndikupanga oblique yodulidwa pansipa ndikulunjika korona. Zochita zina momwe mungadulire marshmallow m'chilimwe ndizofanana ndi nthawi yobzala masika.

Mukudula kwa yophukira masamba atagwa, ma secateurs amadulidwa mu nthambi za m'mimba, zazitali masentimita 15. Zidutswa zakonzekedwa zitha kusungidwa mu thumba la pulasitiki mufiriji kapena kuzamitsidwa mumchenga m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba. Mutha kubzala zodula panthaka pomwe dothi latenthe kale kapena mumphika kumayambiriro kwamasika. Akuwombera kulowa pansi mpaka impso.

Chubushnik kudula mu chopukuzira kukula

Ndi njira iliyonse yolumikizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kukonza njira zodula musanadzalemo ndi chowonjezera chokupatsani. Momwe mungazizire. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azamba (madzi a aloe, yankho la yisiti, madzi osaya) kapena mankhwala (muzu, zircon, heteroauxin). Spig imamizidwa ndikuyipeza kwakanthawi kwa maola 6 mpaka 12.

Kufalikira kwa odulidwa ndi njira yosavuta ndipo nthawi zonse imapereka zotsatira zake.

Kufalitsa mwa kuyala

Momwe mungafalitsire nthabwala ndi zigawo ndizosavuta. Kubala mwa kugawa ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri komanso yosavuta. Kuti muchite izi, kumayambiriro kwa masika, musanaphuke, zinthu zotsatirazi zimachitika:

• Kumbani dothi mozungulira chitsamba, manyowa ndi kupanga mabowo 1.5-2 cm.
• M'mabowo kuti mukonzekere kugawa, pamwamba ndi madzi ndikuwaza ndi lapansi.
• Pamwamba pa zigawozi mulibe, uyenera kumangirizidwa ndi msomali kuti kukula kwake kuthepetse.

Pakapita kanthawi, mizu ndi mphukira zimapangika kuchokera ku impso iliyonse pa mphukira yachinyengo. Pamene mphukira zazing'ono zimakula, zimatalikana mpaka kutalika kwa 10-15 cm.

Kubalana kwa Chubushnik ndi masanjidwe

M'nyengo yotentha, tchire lomwe limakula limathiriridwa madzi ndi kumasulidwa. Mu yophukira, kudula kudula ku chitsamba chachikulu, kukumba ndikudula ma secateurs pakati pa masamba kuthengo. Mbande zakonzedwa kuti zibzalidwe pamalowo.

Kugawanitsa

Momwe mungaberekedwere moseketsa pogawa chitsamba? Izi zitha kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa masika, asanaphuke, kapena m'dzinja, masamba atagwa. Mukamagawa chitsamba muyenera:

• M'mbuyomu, kwa tsiku, jasmine amakhetsedwa ndi madzi.
• Kenako ikani chitsamba mosamala ndikuchimasula kuchokera kumaudzu padziko lapansi.
• Gawo lotsatira ndikugawa muzu wa jasmine wa m'munda pogwiritsa ntchito secateurs. Chiwerengero cha tchire chatsopano chitha kutengera chiwerengero cha mphukira, chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti ali ndi mizu yokwanira yatsala. Ngati mizu yopanda mizu yokwanira - gawani magawo angapo mphukira.
• Pa tchire, kumtunda kwa mphukira ndi gawo lotsika mizu amazidula.
• Pamalo atsopano, mabowo amakonzekera kuya kwa masamba oyambira pa mphukira. Sakanizani dziko lapansi ndi feteleza, kompositi kapena peat, mankhwala ndi manganese kapena fungicides. Thirani madzi mumtsuko.
• Ikani tchire m'maenje, kuphimba ndi dothi lokonzedwa, madzi.

Kubalana mwa kugawa chitsamba

Pakubzala kwa masika, tchire limamera mizu ndikulimbitsa m'malo atsopano pazagwa; nthawi yakubzala yophukira, ndikofunikira kukonzekera mbande m'nyengo yozizira - kudzaza ndi peat youma kapena kuiphimba ndi lapnik.

Pogona nyengo yachisanu

Kusamalira pambuyo kuswana

Mbeu zazingwe zazingwe zoyambirira zingafunike chisamaliro:

• Mukamasankha malo okhalamo, muyenera kuganizira pasadakhale kuti mtengowo suukonda kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali ndi dzuwa. Ngati sikunali kotheka kupeza malo otetezedwa, ndiye kuti tchire tating'onoting'ono timayenera kuti timetedwe.
• Chubushnik amafunika feteleza. Mukabzala, feteleza adayambitsidwa kale mdzenje, lomwe liyenera kukhala lokwanira kwa zaka ziwiri, koma ochepa nthawi 2 pachaka sizipweteka pochiza mbewuyo ndi feteleza wachilengedwe ndi michere. Chapakatikati, chomera chimafunikira nayitrogeni (chosakanizira chosakanizira cha mullein ndi zitosi za nkhuku) ndi potaziyamu ndi superphosphate m'chilimwe kuti chilimbikitse mizu itatha nthawi yozizira komanso kuti ipange masamba obiriwira.
• Mabasi amafunika kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zonse, ndibwino kuzichita m'mawa kapena madzulo ndi madzi ofunda, okhala ndi madzi.
• Mukathirira, dothi lozungulira lomwe limakhala lomasuka limamasulidwa kuti mpweya uzitha kulowa mizu. Kuti musunge chinyezi, mutha kuphimba pansi ndi mulch.
• Zingwe ndi wachinyamata woseketsa ayenera kukhala wopanda udzu nthawi zonse.
• Mu nthawi yophukira kapena yophukira, kudulira kwamtchire kumapangidwa kuti pakhale unyinji wopindulitsa ndi mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna.
• Pokonzekera kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira, wonyoza wachinyamata ayenera kutetezedwa. Kuti muchite izi, kapu ya kanema, nthambi za spruce, masamba owuma kapena peat ndizoyenera. Chomera chachikulire sichifunikira kuteteza chisanu.
• Chapakatikati, mutakolola kuteteza nyengo yachisanu ku tchire, akuyenera kuthandizidwa ndi fungicides ndi mankhwala atizilombo kuteteza ku tizirombo ndi matenda.

Chubushnik ndiwofatsa komanso wosakongoletsa m'munda. Kuti mufalitse, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zilizonse zachikhalidwe. Kufalikira kwa munda wa jasmine sikutenga nthawi yambiri ndipo sikutanthauza kuyesetsa kwakukulu. Mabasi amatha kwambiri kuzika ndi kubereka. Zotsatira zake zitha kusangalatsa patatha zaka 4-5 ndi maluwa osakanikirana bwino a maluwa kapena mipanda yokhala ndi fungo labwino.