Njira zoberekera begonias. Ndondomeko yowonjezera ya momwe mungamere maluwa kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba

Begonia, yomwe ili ndi mitundu yodabwitsa ndi mawonekedwe a masamba, maluwa osakhwima ndi oyambirira, nthawizonse amaonekera pakati pa zomera.

Imakhala ngati chokongoletsa chenicheni cha nyumba, khonde kapena bedi lamaluwa. Pofuna kuti pakhale zenera zowoneka bwino zokhala ndi begonias, munthu amatha kufalitsa chikhalidwecho ndi kudula, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena masamba.

Koma ngati pali chilakolako chokhazikitsa munda weniweni wamaluwa pa khonde kapena pafupi ndi nyumba, pamakhala makope ambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito kubereka kwa begonias ndi mbewu. Momwe mungachitire izo molondola mu nkhani yathu.

Njira zofalitsa zomera

Florists amagwiritsira ntchito njira zingapo zoberekera za begonias:

• Cuttings.
  1. Dulani tsinde laling'ono la masentimita 10, lokhala ndi awiri awiri awiri.
  2. Phesi imabzalidwa pansi pansi pa kapu ya pulasitiki kapena mtsuko.
  3. Patapita mwezi umodzi, masamba amodzi amaonekera pa chomera, kutanthauza rooting ya begonia.
• Mapepala.

  Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa begonias ndi zokwawa.

  1. Mapepala abwino amadulidwa pakati pa mitsempha mpaka kumphepete.
  2. Mitundu iyi imafalikira pa mchenga wouma komanso yokutidwa ndi pulasitiki.
  3. Pambuyo pa miyezi itatu, begonia ikukonzekera kuziika pansi pazinthu zoyenera.
• Kugawanika kwa mabulu.

  Njira yoperekera imeneyi ndi yoyenera kwa mitundu ya chitsamba (mwachitsanzo, kubwerera kwa begonia).

  1. Bzalani mu mphika, gwedezani pansi.
  2. Pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni, rhizome imadulidwa muzigawo zingapo, ndipo iliyonse imakhala ndi nyongolosi kapena mphukira.
  3. Zigawo zimawazidwa ndi malasha.
  4. Zotsatira zake zimabzalidwa miphika yatsopano.
• Mbewu.

  Imeneyi ndi njira yowonjezera nthawi yobereketsa chikhalidwe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mitundu iwiri ya maluwa: begonia begonia, maluwa okongoletsera.

Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu

Kugula malonda a zipangizo za kubzala

Nthanga za begonia zingapezeke mwaulere. Koma nkhaniyi ndi yovuta kwambiri, chifukwa chomera chimabweretsa zochepa kwambiri. Mbeu zokha ndizochepa, zimafanana ndi mchenga. Iwo amawoneka mabokosi a mbewu. Pofuna kusonkhanitsa "zokolola" zabwino za kubzala, muyenera kukumbukira zochepa zomwe zikuperekedwa:

1. Kupanga pollination. Pakati pa maluwa a begonias (July-August) ndi burashi mumayenera kutulutsa munguwo mosakanikirana ndi maluwa. Ndondomekoyi imabwerezedwa kwa masiku 2-3 kuti ikhale ndi mwayi wopambana pollination.
2. Kusonkhanitsa zipangizo. Pambuyo poyambitsa pollination pa begonias, mabokosi ambewu adzapanga. Pambuyo masiku 45-60, ayamba kuuma ndi kutembenuka. Pa nthawiyi ayenera kusonkhanitsa.
3. Kuyanika mbewu. Mabokosi anasonkhana pa pepala ndipo amasiyidwa kuti awume. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, zimakhala zowuma ndipo zimatha.

Mabotolo sayenera kukhala opitirira. Pamene zouma, zimangophweka mosavuta. Sungani nyemba payekhayi sizigwira ntchito.

Gulani - komwe, pamtengo wotani?

Ngati njira yodzipangira yekha ndalama zimapangitsa mavuto, mutha kugula zokolola mu sitolo. Mtengo wa sachet umodzi (uli ndi mbewu 4-10) ndi pafupifupi 30-100 ruble, malingana ndi mtundu wa zomera.

Sitolo idzapereka mitundu iwiri ya mbewu:

• Zosakaniza Mbeuyi ili mu chipolopolo chapadera chophatikizapo feteleza. Chodzala ichi chikuwoneka bwino kwa diso, ndikosavuta kubzala pansi. Koma imamera patali pang'ono, ngakhale kuti kumera kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri.
• Zachilendo. Mbeu zazikulu. Zopangirazi sizinali zosiyana ndi zomwe zimakula pokhapokha.

Ndikofunikira! Pamene kugula ayenera kumvetsera tsiku la kusonkhanitsa zipangizo. Malo odyetsera zakuthupi ndi zaka zisanu. Koma kumera kwakukulu mu mbewu zomwe si zoposa 1 chaka chimodzi. Chaka chilichonse, mwayi wokhala ndi zomera zolimba umachepetsedwa.

Chithunzi

Mu chithunzi mungathe kuona momwe mbewu zikuwonekera ngati begonias:

Kodi mungabzala bwanji?

Ngakhale kulimbika kwa kubzala mbewu, njira yoberekera imakuthandizani kupeza zomera zamphamvu, zathanzi ndi zokongola. Koma chifukwa cha ichi muyenera kulingalira mfundo zingapo zofunika.

Nthawi yoyenera

Ku begonia kuphulika mu May, mbewu zimayenera kubzala kumapeto kwa December - oyambirira January. Koma kwa zomera zotere zoyambirira, kuunikira kwina kumafunika. Kupanda kuwala kudzachititsa begonias zopweteka komanso zofooka.

Olima amalima amakhulupirira kuti nthawi yoyenera yobzala mbewu ndi pakati pa mwezi wa February. Pankhaniyi, zomera sizifunikira zowonjezera zowonjezera. Koma iwo adzasangalala ndi maluwa awo osati kale kuposa June-July.

Kusankha kwa pot

Musanayambe kubzala mbewu, muyenera kusankha choyenera "zowonjezera" zamasamba. Begonia imakhala bwino m'miphika yowonongeka. Kwa kubzala kukwanira zotengera izi:

• zitsamba za kukula mbande;
• muffins kuphika mapini;
• trays okhala pansi;
• mabokosi osaya.

Kukonzekera kwa dothi

Begonia imakonda kusalowerera ndale kapena nthaka yochepa. Nthaka ikhoza kugulidwa ku sitolo kapena kuphika nokha.

Chinthu Chopangira Zojambula Zojambula:

1. Mchenga (gawo limodzi), peat (ora limodzi) ndi masamba (2 hours) ndi osakaniza.
2. Kuti achotse mitsempha, nthakayo imachokera ku sieve.
3. Kenaka dothi limatetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Mmalo mwa gawo lapansi pansi, mukhoza kugwiritsa mapiritsi a peat. Iwo samafuna maphunziro aliwonse.

Ngati chisankhocho chigwera pa mapiritsi a peat, m'tsogolomu padzakhala kufunika koyang'anitsitsa kukula kwa dothi. Nthakayi imauma mofulumira kwambiri. Ngati simukuwombera nthawi yake, zimamera.

Kufesa

Kukonzekera kwa njirayi kumaphatikizapo ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

1. Mu chotsala chosankhidwa kutsanulira nthaka yotsirizidwa.
2. Sungani nthaka.
3. Mbewu imafesedwa pansi. Kuti mumve mosavuta, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pepala. Iyo imapangidwa pakati, ndipo mbewu imatsanuliridwa mkati. Kuwala kumagwirana ndi singano pamapangidwe amenewa kudzateteza kuchepa kwa mbewu.
4. Kuchokera pamwamba pa chodzala sichikugona.
5. Mbeu zouma zimayambitsidwa ndi botolo la kutsitsi.
6. Makhalidwe ali ndi galasi kapena filimu yofalitsa.

Ngati mapiritsi a peat amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mbeu yobzala mbeu ndizo zotsatirazi:

1. Mapiritsi amaikidwa mu chotsala chosankhidwa. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mbande panopa. Mu selo iliyonse pansi piritsi 1.
2. Nthaka ya Peaty yathyoledwa bwino.
3. Pamwamba pa piritsi yofewa ikani mbewu imodzi.
4. Mothandizidwa ndi mbewu zowonjezera madzi.
5. Mphamvu yomwe ili ndi filimu yoonekera.

Kusamalira maluwa panyumba

Begonia imayenera kupanga zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Kutentha kwamtundu. Mwamsanga mutabzala, muli ndi mbeu zimasamutsira kumalo otentha, otetezedwa ku ma drafts. Kutentha kwakukulu kumasiyanasiyana mkati mwa 23 ° С - + 25 ° С. Kenaka, pamene mphukira imaonekera ndipo galasi ikhoza kuchotsedwa, kutentha kumatha kufika ku 18 ° С - + 20 ° С.
2. Kuunikira Mwamsanga pamene mphukira ikuwonekera, nkofunika nthawi yomweyo kusamalira kuwala. Begonia imafuna tsiku la kuwala kwa maola 12. Ngati zochitika zachilengedwe sizikukwaniritsa zofunikirazi, ndiye kuwonjezera apo kuunikira ndi nyali za fulorosenti.
3. Kuthirira Madzi amathirira madzi otentha (kwa masiku 1-2). Sungani nthaka m'mbali zing'onozing'ono komanso ndi sprayer. Ngati chodzala chikachitidwa mu mapiritsi a peat, ndiye kuti moistening imapangidwa kudzera pallet.
4. Kumaliza kuumitsa. Mphukira zoyamba za begonias zidzayamba kuonekera pamasiku 10-14. Pambuyo masiku 5-7, mukhoza kuyamba kuuma zomera. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani filimuyo kapena galasi kuchokera mu chidebe kamodzi pa tsiku kwa mphindi 10-15. Pang'onopang'ono, nthawi yowala ya begonias ikuwonjezeka. Umu ndi mmene mbewu zimayendera pazomwe zimachitikira chipinda.
5. Kusindikiza zomera. Mitengo yaing'ono ikadali ndi masamba awiri enieni, yesani choyamba. Maonekedwe a nthaka akhala ofanana. Mitengo yotere imadalirabe kutentha.

   Kuika kachiwiri kumapangidwa patapita mwezi umodzi kuchokera pakusankhidwa koyamba. Tsopano onjezerani pang'ono humus pansi. Ndipo mutabzala, pambuyo pa masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri (10-14), mbande zimakhala ndi feteleza zovuta.

   Kuika kachigawo katatu kumachitika ngati chomera chikubzala kunja. Begonia imaikidwa pamalo otseguka pokhapokha ngati kutentha kwakunja kuli 18 ° C.

Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale kuti amakonda kuwala, begonia salola kuti dzuwa liwonekere. Iwo amatha kuchoka pamoto pa chomera chochepa kapena kuchiwononga kwathunthu.

Kubzala mbewu begonias ndizovuta kwambiri. Koma zotsatira zake ndi zoyenera. Begonia wokongola idzatonthoza kwambiri m'nyumba, pabwalo kapena pabwalo. Koma a esotericists ali otsimikiza kuti maluwa ena amatha kubweretsa mtendere, chikondi ndi chitukuko kunyumba.

Vidiyoyi imanena za zinsinsi ndi zikhalidwe za chisamaliro cha begonia kunyumba: