Matenda a Dahlia - zomwe zimachitika, bwanji zimakula bwino ndipo sizimaphuka

Dahlias ndichikhalidwe chokongoletsera chomwe chimadziwika ndi tchire lophika komanso maluwa opitilira nyengo yotentha yonse. Alimi ambiri amalima ngati duwa, koma chifukwa cha kuthekera kwakukulu kwa chomera ku tizirombo ndi matenda, kutchuka kwake kumayamba kuchepa. Vutoli limathetsedwa ngati njira zopewera kuchitira nthawi yomweyo tchire ndikusungidwa bwino kwa ma tubers nthawi yozizira kumachitika.

Kufotokozera mwachidule za mbewu

Dahlia ndimtengo wa pachaka kapena wosatha, kutengera mtundu. Chikhalidwechi ndi cha banja la a Astrov. Kuthengo, chomera chimapezeka kumapiri a Mexico, Chile, Guatemala, Colombia. Ma dahlias amakono ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa womwe wadutsa nthawi yayitali pantchito yopanga. Zotsatira zake, mitundu idapezeka yomwe imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu, komanso kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe ake.

Dahlias amatenga matenda ndi tizirombo.

Dahlias osatha amakhala ndi muzu wofiyira, wophukira, momwe umakhazikika chinyezi ndipo michere imadziunjikira. Chifukwa cha izi, chomera chimatha kudzipatsa chilichonse chofunikira. Dahlias mawonekedwe okhazikika otsetsereka 50-200 masentimita. Masamba owongoka obiriwira amtundu wabiriwira wamtunduwu amapezeka kutalika konse. Maluwa a Dahlia ali ndi mawonekedwe a basiketi, momwe mabango, m'mphepete, pakati komanso ma tubular tubular amatha kupezeka. Mtundu wawo ndiwowoneka bwino komanso wokongola.

Izi sizimva nyengo yachisanu

Pofika nyengo yachisanu yoyamba, ma tubers ayenera kukumbidwa ndikutumizira nyengo yachisanu kumalo abwino, owuma. Chapakatikati amabzala. Dziko likayamba kutentha bwino, mbewuyo imayamba kukula. Dahlia limamasula kumapeto kwa June - koyambirira kwa Julayi ndipo kumatha mpaka nthawi yophukira.

Chimayambitsa matendawa ndi chiani?

Zophatikiza mitundu ya dahlias pang'ono idataya mphamvu zawo zachilengedwe, ndipo chiwopsezo cha mbewu chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chinakula. Zolakwika zilizonse pakusamalidwa ndi kusungidwa kwa ma tubers zimatha kuyambitsa matenda. Mukakulitsa maluwa, ndikofunikira kutsatira njira zopewera, chifukwa si matenda onse a dahlias omwe amachiritsika.

Chisamaliro chosayenerera

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimatha kupangitsa chitukuko cha matenda. Zonsezi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusamalira bwino chomera.

Zambiri:

• kusungidwa kwa ma tubers pamtunda wambiri kapena wotsika kwambiri;
• magawidwe olakwika a rhizome m'chaka;
• kusowa kwa chakudya;
• kuthirira kwambiri kapena kuchepa;
• kusowa kwa njira zochiritsira;
• makulidwe amtunduwu;
• kulephera kwa mbewu.

Matenda ofala

Dahlias nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Mukakulitsa maluwa patsambalo, muyenera kudziwa momwe amawonekera komanso zomwe angachite ngati zizindikiro za matenda zikuwoneka.

Masamba owoneka

Chochititsa chidwi chakukula kwa bowa ndi kukula kwa malo obzala. Potengera maziko awa, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wabwino pakati pa mbewu kumachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinyezi chiziwonjezeka. Matenda a tsamba la Dahlia amatha kuwonekera ndi kuwala kwachikasu komwe sikowoneka bwino komanso ndi malire. Pambuyo pake, mthunzi wawo umakhala wofiirira, ndipo malire amapeza mtundu wakuda.

Mutha kuthana ndi matendawa ndi mankhwala:

• Fundazole;
• sulfate yamkuwa;
• Oksikhom.

Kuwona kwamasamba kumayamba pang'onopang'ono

Gray zowola

Matendawa amathanso kukhala chifukwa chomwe dahlias samakula komanso kuphuka. Pakati pake, mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamasamba, omwe, ndi chinyezi chowonjezereka, amaphimbidwa ndi m'mphepete oyera.

Kukonzekera nkhondo yolimbana ndi imvi zowola:

• Topsin;
• Benleit;
• Rovral.

Verticillus ndi Fusarium akufuna

Matendawa ali ndi zizindikiro zofananira, koma ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Poyamba, mafangayi amakhudza mizu ndi ma tuber a chomera, kenako amasunthira ndikukhala chifukwa chomwe dahlias imatota ndikufota. Zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mbewu zimasanduka pinki kapena zofiirira. Mankhwala, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito Fundazole kapena Oxychom.

Brown zowola

Matendawa amakhudza mphukira zazing'onoting'ono zazomera pofika mmera. Kukhazikika kwakuya kwambiri kwa ma tubers ndikosangalatsa. Izi zimabweretsa kuti zikumera zikufooka, chifukwa alibe mphamvu zokwanira kuti atuluke.

Zida zochizira bulauni zowola:

• Alirin;
• Fitosporin;
• Galamir.

Matenda ena

Dahlias amakhudzanso matenda ena. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ake osiyana.

Chifukwa chomwe dahlias imamasilira ndikukula bwino itha kukhala:

• Powdery Mildew Chimawoneka choyera pansamba. Matendawa akamakula, amapeza ubweya wofiirira. Pambuyo pake, masambawo amazimiririka, ndipo mbewuyo imasiya kutulutsa. Powawa pakawoneka pa dahlias, ndikofunikira kuchitira mbewuyo ndi Skor kapena Topaz.
• Mwendo wakuda. Matendawa amakula pamene chomera chobzalidwa ndi njere kapena kudula. Zomwe zimapatsa ndizothirira kwambiri komanso kutentha kwa mpweya. Chizindikiro chowonongeka ndi mzere wakuda m'munsi mwa mbande. Pambuyo pake, tsinde lomwe lili pamalo ano limachepetsedwa ndikusweka. Mankhwala, mbande zimalimbikitsidwa kuthiriridwa ndi mayankho a Previkur Energy kapena Maxim kukonzekera.

Mutha kuthana ndi vutoli ngati mungathe kudziwa matendawa

Matenda osachiritsika

Matenda ena sangathe kuthandizidwa. Njira yokhayo pankhaniyi ndikuletsa kufalikira kwa matenda. Kuti tichite izi, mbewu yomwe ili ndi kachilombo idatsalira.

Matenda osachiritsika a Dahlia:

• Kachilombo ka Mose. Imawoneka pamasamba ndi mikwingwirima yopepuka. Kenako zimachulukana, ndipo mbale yonseyo imakhala yotuwa. Pankhaniyi, masamba samagwa.
• Masewera a Tuber. Nthawi yamatendawa, ma blots warts amawoneka m'dera la khosi la mizu. Zotsatira zake, mphukira zam'mera zimakula, ndipo sizingakule bwino.
• Mycosis. Chizindikiro choyambirira cha kuwonongeka ndikuti masamba a chomera ayamba kutembenukira chikaso, ndikusowa kwa madzi. Koma kuthirira sikuthetsa vutoli. Zotsatira zake, gawo lonse lakumwambalo limazimiririka.
• Fusarium Amadziwika ndi mawanga a bulauni omwe amawoneka pa mphukira ndi masamba. Kenako zimakula ndikuyambitsa kufa kwa mbewu.

Tizilombo

Nthawi zambiri, tizirombo timakhudzana ndi chikhalidwe. Musanayambe nawo nkhondowo, muyenera kudziwa omwe angadye dahlias ndi njira zomwe angagwiritse ntchito bwino.

Ma nsabwe

Ngati nsabwe za m'mimba zimapezeka pa dahlias, tizilombo timayikidwa pa mphukira ndi masamba awo achichepere. Tizilombo timene timapanga mitundu yonse, motero sizingatheke kuzizindikira. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba, kukula kwa mbewu kumachepa, masamba amapunduka, ndipo chitsamba chimatha kusiya kutulutsa.

Nsabwe za m'mimba za dahlias, momwe tiyenera kuchitira tchire? Mutha kuthana ndi kachilombo koyipa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala: Intavir, Actellik kapena Decis.

Aphid sangalole chomera kukula bwino ngati sichinawonongeke

Nematode

Izi mphutsi kuwononga mphukira, masamba ndi masamba a chomera. Chizindikiro chowonongeka ndi mawanga owala, omwe pambuyo pake amada ndi kufa. Chifukwa cha ntchito ya nematode, chitsamba chooneka bwino chikukula, mphukira ndi masamba opunduka.

Ma dahlias omwe akhudzidwa ayenera kukumbidwa ndikuwotchedwa. Pamalo omwewo, duwa silingabzalidwe. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito marigold, kuwayika kwinakwake pafupi. Fungo la mbewuyi limapweteketsa nematode.

Tizilombo tamasamba

Tizilombo timadyera masamba achomera. Zotsatira zake, njira za kagayidwe kachakudya mu minofu zimasokonekera. Poyamba, mawanga a bulauni amawonekera pamasamba, kenako ma mbalewo amapukutidwa kwathunthu.

Ndi ochepa tizirombo, mutha kuwachotsa mu njira ya anthu pogwiritsa ntchito yankho lochokera pa sopo ya Coniferous. Ngati chotupa chikhale chachikulu, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa Mospilan kapena Iskra-M.

Gastropods

Zamoyo izi zimayendetsedwa usiku. Amakopeka ndi masamba achichepere achomera. Tizirombo tambiri timabowo timaboweka, ndipo nthawi zina timadyanso kwathunthu. Izi zimakhudza chitsamba chokongoletsera.

Kuti muwononge slugs, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera zochokera ku irondehyde. Pouma, mutha kuthira phulusa lamatabwa, tsabola wofiira kapena superphosphate m'munsi mwa tchire. Kuti awononge slugs, amapanga misampha ya mowa, chifukwa amakonda fungo la chakumwa ichi.

Greenhouse Whitefly

Gulugufe wang'ono woyera yemwe amayikira mazira kumbuyo kwa masamba a chomera. Mphutsi zachinyengo zimawonekera kuchokera kwa iwo. Kuti muwononge zovala zoyera, ndikofunikira kuthirira mbewu ndi njira ya Aktara yogwira ntchito komanso nthawi yomweyo kutsanulira masamba ndi Mospilan kapena Actellik.

Deer kapena Shaggy Bronze

Pakutha maluwa, tizilombo tambiri takuda timawoneka pa dahlias. Kukula kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 1. Amadyanso pamakhala, zonenepa ndi ma pisitilo a duwa. Kuwaza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo sikupereka zotsatira zofunika, chifukwa atsopano amabwera kudzalowetsa tizirombo takufa. Njira yokhayo yopulumutsira dahlias ndikutola kachilomboka ndi dzanja.

Zina

Nthawi zina dahlias amatha kudwala mothoka la gamma scoop. Izi tizilombo adazichita kumapeto kwa kasupe - oyambirira chilimwe. Tizilombo timene timadya timadzi tamaluwa popanda kuwononga mbewu.

Ngozi imayimiriridwa ndi mphutsi zake zomwe zimawononga ma tubers a dahlia. Chifukwa cha ntchito yawo yofunika, mbewu imayamba kuzimiririka. Kuwonongeka kwa mbozi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala Fufanon.

Njira zopewera

Kodi ngati dahlias sichikula? Funso lotereli limatha kumveka kuchokera kwa ambiri wamaluwa. Kukula pang'onopang'ono nthawi zambiri kumayamba chifukwa cha matenda ndi tizirombo. Popewa vuto lotere, njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kuonedwa.

Malamulo oyambira:

• Asanabzale, tubers ayenera kunyowetsedwa mu yankho la tizirombo ndi fungicide kwa mphindi 15.
• Asanayike dahlia yosungiramo nthiti yake, iyenera kupukuta.
• Onani kuzungulira kwa mbeu.
• Sungani mbewu m'nyengo yozizira m'chipinda chowuma, chouma chokhala ndi mpweya wabwino.
• Pewani kuthyoka kwamadzi.
• Spray mbewu zokonzekera mwapadera kawiri pa nyengo kupewa matenda.

Dahlias samakula bwino, choti achite pamenepa, zimamveka bwino pofufuza zomwe zimayambitsa. Pofuna kuti tisakumanenso ndi vuto lotere, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe tubers m'nyengo yozizira ndi tchire nyengo yonseyo.