Daylilies - kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Onse olima maluwa amadziwa bwino masentimita, kubzala ndi kusamalira kutchire komwe sikudzakhala kovuta ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene. Chomera chimadziwika ndi kudziletsa kwambiri komanso kupirira. Masamba a Daylily amawoneka odabwitsa m'minda imodzi komanso monga gawo la kapangidwe kake.

Kufotokozera kwa Daylily: mitundu ndi mitundu

Daylily (Hemerocallis) ndi masamba osatha a herbaceous obadwira ku East Asia. Daylilies akhala akuberekedwa m'minda kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 18. Malinga ndi malongosoledwe, osatha ali ndi dongo lakuthwa la masamba awiri oyambira omwe amasunthika mu mawonekedwe a fan. Mafuta ooneka ngati belu amaloledwa kumapeto. Rhizome ndi wamphamvu ndi mizu yokhala ngati zingwe.

Maloto a Daylily Forgatten

Pali mitundu 20 yamitundu yachilengedwe. Ndizokongoletsa, zopanda ulemu, zimatha kumera panthaka wamba.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:

• mandongrass ofiira;
• chikasu
• chikasu;
• Dumurier;
• Middendorff.

Aliyense amadziwa zachilendo lalanje daylily (Hemerocallis fulva), yomwe nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'nyumba zanyengo, m'mapaki ndi mabwalo.

Masana ofiira

Maluwa asanayambe, chomera chimaponyera maudzu 520, kutalika kwake masentimita 40 mpaka 1 m, kutengera mitundu. Chilichonse chodzaza ndi maluwa 10-30 pachimake, masamba satulutsa nthawi imodzi. Mtundu wa ma petals ndiosiyananso kwambiri (kupatula mithunzi yamtambo).

M'mene maluwa amakondera

• chosakanizira;
• chowoneka ngati nyenyezi;
• wozungulira
• arachnids.

Maonekedwe a pamakhala ndi amizeremizere, okhala ndi mphonje, komanso matalala. Mwakuyesera kwa osonkhetsa anapeza mitundu iwiri yamtundu, onunkhira bwino wamaluwa, ma hybrant osakanikirana.

Pakadali pano mitundu yopitilira 60,000 yopitilira zipatso zowoneka bwino zaphulika. Opanga aku America ndi aku Australia, olemba zatsopano, akuyesetsa kuti apange maluwa akulu, amitundu yayitali amitundu yoyambayo.

Mitundu ndi ma hybrids odziwika:

• Thin Man ndi mtundu watsopano wa hybrid wokhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu mpaka 25 cm, pamiyendo ya 1 mita kutalika. Mitundu yanu ndi yoluka, yofiyira m'mphepete. Pharynx ndi chikasu chowala. Aliyense peduncle amapanga mpaka 30 masamba.
• Mildred Mitchell ndi chitsamba lalitali masentimita 70. Maluwa okhala ndi masentimita 18-20 a utoto wofiirira wokhala ndi fungo lokhazikika.
• Mose Moto - chomera 70 cm, mitundu yosanja yokonza. Limamasaka mu Julayi-Ogasiti ndi maluwa akulu akulu okhala ndi mtundu wofiira.
• Kalonga wakuda ndi chitsamba mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 80. Amaluwa kuyambira pakati pa Julayi ndi maluwa ofiira ofunda okhala ndi chikasu chachikasu chotalika ndi 15 cm.
• Frans Hals ndi chitsamba chokulirapo-masentimita 40-50. Maluwa ali ndi masentimita 15, ofiira ndi chikasu pakati, ndi fungo lokoma.
• Yordani - kutalika kwa chitsamba 60 masentimita, maluwa obiriwira a masamba obiriwira amtambo. Maluwa a rasipiberi-lilac amaphulika mu Ogasiti-Seputembala.

Kalasi Yapakatikati France Hals

Malo okula, dothi

Daylily amakonda malo otseguka komanso abwino. Mitundu yokhala ndi miyala yamtundu wakuda pakuwala kwake imatha msanga, chifukwa mbewu zoterezi zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizipanga masana pang'ono. Mukadzalidwa mumthunzi, zipatso zamaluwa zimaphukira bwino. Zosatha zitha kubzalidwa mumipanda.

Chomera chimakonda kupindika chonde ndi chosalimba kapena pang'ono acidic nthaka. Ngati dothi ndi lolemera, humus ndi mchenga zimawonjezedwamo. Dothi lonyowa louma limapangidwa. Osatha amakhala ndi mizu yokhala ndi mizu yolimba, yomwe imakonda kuwola. Ndi madzi apansi pompopompo, ndikofunikira kukhetsa kapena kubzala maluwa m'mabedi akulu.

Mukabzala liti komanso motani

Kuti osatha kubereka kwa zaka zambiri m'malo amodzi ndi kutulutsa maluwa ambiri, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungabzalire zipatso za zipatso. Kubzala kumachitika mu Meyi nyengo ikakhala yotentha kapena koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira.

Kodi kubzala daylily? Njira yofikira ndi motere:

1. Dzenje lopangira limapangidwa - ndowa ya peat-humus yosakaniza ndi 30 g ya superphosphate ndipo 30 g ya potaziyamu sulfate imayikidwa m'dzenje. Maminolo amaphatikizidwa bwino ndi gawo lapansi.
2. Mizu ya mbewu imatsitsidwa kwa maola angapo mu njira yofooka ya feteleza wa mchere.
3. Yenderani mizu, kuchotsa mizu yowuma, yowola.
4. Masamba amadulidwa mpaka 15 cm.
5. Zomera zobzala zimayikidwa mchitsime. Amaunikira mosamala kuti khosi la mizu ndi 2-3 masentimita pansi.
6. Zomera za Delenka zimakutidwa ndi dothi, mosamala, koma dothi louma lokhalokha kuzungulira tsinde.
7. Tchire limathirira madzi, bwalo loyala limabowola ndi utuchi, peat, singano.

Musanayambe kubzala daylilies, muyenera kuganizira za malo omwe munthu wamkulu azikhalamo m'mundamo. Mitundu ina yofalitsa imakula kuposa mita mulifupi.

Kunja kofikira

Kuthirira ndikumasulira nthaka

Osakhalitsa osadzikuza, wolekerera chilala, amalekerera kutentha kwambiri. Kusamalira ana asukulu sikovuta. Chomera chiyenera kuthiriridwa madzi kambiri, koma chochuluka. Kutsirira kumachitika pansi pa muzu, kuyesera kuti usagwere masamba. Chomera chimatha kuthilira popanda kuthilira, koma chimaphuka kwambiri. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuthirira chitsamba theka lachiwiri la Julayi, pomwe maluwa adayikidwa chaka chamawa.

Pokhapokha pokhapokhapo timasuka komanso kumasula tinthu tambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, amayesetsa kuti asawononge mizu, yomwe imatha kuvunda.

Njira zolerera

Daylilies amatha kubala zipatso ndi mbewu. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndikugawa chitsamba. Ndikwabwino kuchita chochitikacho mchaka kuti mbewuyo ikhale ndi nthawi yozika mizu isanazizidwe. Mitundu ina ya mmera imagawika mosavuta ndi dzanja, koma nthawi zambiri mumayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni wakuthwa kapena fosholo.

Chitsamba chimagawidwa m'magawo akuluakulu angapo. Kudulira kulikonse kumayenera kukhala ndi gawo la mizu, masamba atatu, masamba awiri. Mutha kudula mbali ya chitsamba. Chomera chachikulu sichithiriridwa madzi patatha masiku angapo pambuyo poti njirayo idulidwe.

Kubalana mwa kugawa chitsamba

Kuchulukitsa (kuzika kwa inflorescences) ndi njira yobwezeretsa zipatso zamasana. Mzerewu suchotsedwa mpaka gawo lokwera lizima. Pakadali pano, ma rosette ang'onoang'ono a achinyamata amapanga malo a inflorescence. Phala la maluwa limadulidwa, masamba amafupikitsidwa ndi lachitatu. Mbande zimayikidwa m'madzi kuti zizioneka ngati mizu. Kupanga kwamizu kumalimbikitsidwa ndikuwonjezera madontho 1-2 a Epin kapena Zircon.

Mizu yake ikakula mpaka masentimita 3-5, mphukira zimabzalidwa mumiphika yaying'ono. Siyani kukazizira kunyumba. Adabzala m'malo otseguka mu Meyi, ngozi ya chisanu itatha.

Mbande sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka mmera. Iyi ndi njira yayitali. Zomera zimayamba pachaka chachitatu. Kufesa mbewu kumakhala koyenera kubereketsa kapena ngati mukufunika kukulitsa zochuluka.

Malamulo okufalitsa mbewu:

1. Mbewu zimanyowa mu 3% hydrogen peroxide solution (15 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre), lotsekeka ndi thumba la pulasitiki ndikuyika m'malo amdima. Kumera kumatenga masiku 5 mpaka 15. Ndikofunikira kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muzifufuza ngati mbewu sizinakhwime.
2. Mizu yake ikawonekera, nthangala zam'mimba zimayikidwa pamiyala ya timiyala tating'ono ndikuyiyikira.
3. Mbewu zimapanga mizu ndipo masamba ang'onoang'ono amawoneka. Tchire zazing'ono zingabzalidwe mumiphika ingapo.
4. Zomera zimabzalidwa panthaka pomwe masamba afika masentimita 15-20.

Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mu Marichi. Ngati pali backlight, mutha kubzala mbewu kumayambiriro - mu Januware-February.

Kudyetsa ndi kumuika

Tchire la akulu achikulire limafunikira kudyetsedwa katatu pakukula. M'mwezi wa Meyi, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amayikidwa pansi pa chitsamba. Kuchepetsa mbewuyo sikuyenera. Nayitrogeni wambiri amatsogolera pakuwonjezeka kwa unyinji wobiriwira ndikuwonongeka kwa maluwa.

Pakapangidwa masamba, ma perennials amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu. Patatha mwezi umodzi kutulutsa maluwa, kuvala pamwamba kumabwerezedwanso pakuika maluwa okwanira chaka chamawa.

Daylily imatha kumera m'malo amodzi kwa zaka 8-10. Zomera zakale ndizovuta kuyambiranso; zimazunguliridwa kumbali zonse ndi magawo ang'onoang'ono omwe ndiovuta kuzika mizu. Tchire zazikulu ndi zovuta kuzisintha.

Chomera chomera chimavomerezedwa bwino pazaka zisanu ndi zitatu. M'mwezi wa Meyi kapena Sepemba, mbewuyo imakumbidwa, ngati ndi kotheka, igawidwa m'magawo awiri a 2-3, yodzalidwa m'maenje obzala ndi gawo lokonzekera.

Kudulira masana

Kusamalira ntchentche kumakhala kuchotsera kwa maluwa osachedwa, kudulira mapesi maluwa atamasuka kuti musafooketse chitsamba. M'dzinja, chitsamba chimayesedwa, masamba owuma amachotsedwa. Masamba achikasuwo amawadula mpaka 5 cm kuchokera pansi pomwe nyengo yozizira imachitika.

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Tchire lamasamba limatha kudwala matenda oyamba ndi tizilombo. Mizu ya mizu ndi fungal matenda opangidwa ndi tizirombo. Matendawa amatha kumera ndikamatera kwakuya, nthaka yopanda chonde. Poletsa matendawa, kusayenda kwamadzi ndi kudyetsa mopitilira muyeso wa mbeu asafe.

Masamba otambalala amayamba chifukwa cha bowa. Mikwingwirima yachikasu imaphukira masamba, kuyimitsa ndi kuyanika kwa gawo la chitsamba. Masamba omwe amakhudzidwa amachotsedwa, daylily amathandizidwa ndi fungicide.

Dzimbiri - mawanga ofiira pamasamba ndi maluwa. Kukula kwa mbewu kumacheperachepera ndipo maluwa olimba amachepa. Matendawa samalandira chithandizo.

Tizilombo zazikulu za masana:

• kupindika - tizirombo tating'ono tomwe tikuyamwa timene timapezeka mkati mwa masamba;
• nsabwe za m'masamba - nthawi zambiri zimagunda maluwa nyengo yotentha, imagwira ntchito ngati chonyamula matenda;
• kangaude - wothandizidwa mu nyengo yotentha;
• Mizu yazomera - imawononga masamba, imalepheretsa kukula kwa mbewu.

Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokukula, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa maluwa ndi ma tiziphuphu tokhala ndi ma acaricides kumachitika.

Masamba a tsamba

M'mvula yamvula, ambiri amasamba amawoneka masamba obiriwira. Kuti muthane nawo mugwiritse ntchito chida "irondehyde". Ma granules a buluu amaikidwa pansi panthaka, zidutswa zitatu pachomera chilichonse.

Kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu

Duwa la Daylily limadziwika ndi Hard Hard Hard Hardness. Zomera zazing'ono zimafunikira pogona nyengo yachisanu mchaka choyamba mutabzala, ma hybrids ofunikira omwe amangochokapo. Kupatula kumakhala kuzizira, nyengo yachisanu yopanda chipale pomwe kutentha kumatsika -20 ℃.

Musanadye nyengo yachisanu, mbewu zimafunikira kuzunguliza pang'ono, kudula mlengalenga, ndikusiya masentimita 5-6. Chophimba chapamwamba ndi nthambi za spruce, udzu, zinyalala zamasamba.

Nthawi yamaluwa ndi chisamaliro pambuyo

Daylily amaponya maluwa mapesi, iliyonse yomwe imakhala ndi masamba 10-30. Duwa lililonse limamasula m'mawa ndipo limafota madzulo. Nthawi yomweyo, maluwa 2-3 amaphuka pachimodzimodzi. Maluwa amatenga masiku 30-45. Mitundu yoyambirira imayamba kuphuka mu June, kenako - mu Ogasiti-Seputembala. Atatenga mulu wa mitundu, zipatso za masana zimatha kutumphuka mdziko muno kuyambira chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe.

Maluwa osatha

Ambiri wamaluwa ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe angasamalire bwino maluwa otuluka masana. Kuti chomera chikhale chokongoletsa ndikofunikira kubudula maluwa owala nthawi zonse. Izi zimathandizira kutsegulidwa kwa masamba atsopano. Chomera chokongoletsedwa ndi miyala yanthamba chowoneka bwino.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake

Kusazindikira, maluwa ndi nthawi yokongoletsera nyengo yonse yomwe ikukula kumatsegula mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito masana. Chomera ndichoyenera kubzala chimodzi, chimayenda bwino ndi mbewu zina.

Daylily amawoneka bwino m'magulu obzala pafupi ndi astilbe, phlox, irises. Chipangidwe chake chophatikizidwa ndi zomera zokongoletsedwa ndi masamba - makamu, heichera amawoneka okongola. Masamba obiriwira masamba obiriwira amakhala bwino ndi zipatso zakumapeto - asters, chrysanthemums. Bedi lamaluwa lokhala ndi maluwa otuluka masana limawoneka losangalatsa litabzala kumbuyo ndi pakati pa tchire la chimanga chokongoletsera.

Maluwa mu chomera

Alimi ambiri amalima kukonda masana chifukwa chophweka kubzala ndi chisamaliro, maluwa okongola komanso ataliatali. Oyamba kulima maluwa atha kulangizidwa kuti ayambe kuzolowerana ndi duwa mwa kukulira zachilengedwe komanso mitundu yodziwika yomwe yazitsimikizira kukhala yolimba komanso yolimba.