Datura ndi mbewu yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe osasintha. Maluwa ake okongola okongola momwe amapangira mapaipi amasangalatsidwa ndi kukongola kwawo. Komabe, kuopsa kwa mtengowu kumawopseza ambiri alimi. Mbiri ya Datura ndiyitali kwambiri, nkosatheka kukhazikitsa komwe kwawo kuli. Mu nthano ndi miyambo ya anthu akumayiko osiyanasiyana, udzu wa datura, dikira, Malipenga a angelo, henbane, duwa la mwezi kapena udzu wa mdierekezi amatchulidwa. Mtengowo udagwiritsa ntchito ma shamans kulumikizana ndi mizimu komanso ochiritsa kuti athetse matenda oyipa. Itha kukhala duwa komanso zokongoletsera zapamwamba. Potsatira kusamala, mutha kulima mosavuta m'munda mwanu.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Datura ndi udzu wobiriwira nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka kumadera otentha komanso madera otentha, amakonda mizere yam'mapiri kapena yamapiri. M'malo otentha kwambiri, Datura amakula ngati mbewu yapachaka. Chomera chimakhala ndi malo kapena malo okhala. Kutalika kwa mphukira kumatha kukhala masentimita 50-120. Amadyetsedwa ndi nthyole yayitali, yopaka utoto woyera kapena zonona.
Tsinde la tubular, lopanda kanthu limakutidwa panja ndi mtengo wobiriwira wakuda kapena makungwa ofiira. Kwa zaka zambiri, m'munsi mumakhala lite ndipo mumakhala mtundu wofiirira. Pa thunthu, njira zamtundu wokhazikitsidwa ndi masamba akulu osachedwa kapena opindika zimapangidwa. Aliyense amakula pa petiole yayitali. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira amakhala pafupi. Kutalika kwa pepala la pepalalo kumakhala pafupifupi 15 cm ndipo m'lifupi ndi masentimita 10. Pamwamba pa pepala lozikopa ndi losalala, kuyambira pansi limapaka utoto wowala. Pakati pa mtsempha wapakati pali mzere wopepuka.
Kuyambira mwezi wa Juni mpaka woyamba kuzizira, Datura amasangalala ndi maluwa okongola akuluakulu. Mphukira zamtundu umodzi zimapangidwa m'makola amitengo kapena pa mafoloko a zimayambira. Kutalika kwa maloko, komwe kumakhala magawo asanu, kumatha kufika 25 cm, koma nthawi zambiri kuli kofanana ndi masentimita 10-15. Maluwa amapaka utoto, wachikaso, pinki, lilac kapena lofiirira. Amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a belu losavuta ndi petals yosakanikirana, kapena mawonekedwe ovuta a mizere. Maluwa amtundu wina samanunkhira bwino, pomwe ena amatulutsa fungo labwino kwambiri. Datura ndi maluwa ausiku; masamba ake amatseguka dzuwa likadzuwa ndikutseka m'mawa. Maluwa amatha kuonedwa masana mumlengalenga.
Zipatsozi zili m'makapu akulu a mbewu. Amakutidwa ndi khungu lakuda wobiriwira wokhala ndi ma spikes atali. Mkati, raft imagawidwa m'magulu anayi, omwe amakhala ndi njere zakuda zozungulira kapena zokhala ndi impso 3-3,5 mm. Kubala kumayamba mu Julayi.
Mitundu ya Datura
Mitundu ya Datura imayimiriridwa ndi mitundu 13. Mu chikhalidwe, 3 mwa izo imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Datura wamba. Chomera chamoyo, chomwe m'maiko ambiri chimawoneka ngati udzu, chimakula mpaka mamita 1.2. Udzu wokhomera udzu wokutidwa ndi masamba akuluakulu odulidwa. Chitsamba chimapanga maluwa ochepa. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June kumakutidwa ndi ma corollas oyera oyera ofikira mpaka 10cm.
Datura Native American. Chomera chakupha kwambiri chomwe chimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Maluwa ndi oyera, osavuta kapena awiri, kutalika kwa masentimita 10-12. Mitunduyi idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu a ku Central ndi North America monga othandizira hallucinogenic komanso soporific.
Datura indian. Mtunduwu umadziwika kuti ndi wokongoletsa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri imapezeka mchikhalidwe. Zomera zimapanga zitsamba zokhala ndi nthambi zazitali pafupifupi mita 1. Masamba akulu pamitengo yayitali amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osanjika ndipo amapaka utoto wakuda. Mitundu yotchuka:
- Ballerina - maluwa otentha ochokera kumizere ingapo ya malonje owala a utoto wowala kapena wachikasu;
- Medea - amasungunula maluwa oyera oyera oyera masentimita 15-20.
- Flore Pleno - maluwa ofiirira, ophimbidwa ndi timizere toyera.
Njira zolerera
Datura, yomwe imakula mwanjira ya pachaka, imafalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Pofuna kuti maluwa atha kuyamba kale, amayenera kubzala mbande. Kuti tichite izi, mbewu zomwe zinasonkhanitsidwa chilimwe chouma zimayesedwa ndikusungidwa pamalo abwino m'thumba. Mu februari, njere zimanyowetsedwa kwa masiku 1-2 m'madzi ofunda, kenako ndikabzyala mumipanda ndi mchenga ndi dothi la peat mpaka 5 mm. Nthawi yamera, zotengera zimasungidwa pa kutentha kwa 15 ° C. Kuwombera kumawonekera pambuyo pa masabata 2-3. Masamba awiri enieni akamaphuka mbande, amazinyira mumiphika kapena makapu otaika. Mbande zimamera m'chipinda chokhala ndi kuwala kowonekera, kwabalalika pa kutentha kwa + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi pang'ono, koma pafupipafupi. Zomera kuchokera kutalika kwa 15 cm zimabzalidwa panthaka.
M'madera akum'mwera, mutha kufesa mumatope nthawi yomweyo. Amachita izi kumapeto kwa Meyi, nthaka ikawotha bwino ndikuwonjezereka kwa chisanu kuzimiririka. Mbewu zimabzalidwa m'maenje patali 30-50 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, mpaka mainchesi 5. Kufikika kumawonekera pang'onopang'ono. Zomera zomwe zimapangidwa kuti ziziduladula, zimasunga mtunda wa mita 1. Maluwa amayembekezedwa patatha masabata 3-4 atamera.
Mu nthawi yophukira, kudula kungadulidwe kuchitsamba chokulirapo. Mphukira za apical pafupifupi 10 cm zimadulidwa ndikuzikika m'munda wamunda ndikuphatikizira moss. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukonzanso kudula kwapansi ndi Kornevin. Kwa nthawi yozizira, mbande zimabweretsedwa m'chipindacho, ndipo nthawi yamasika zimasinthidwa m'malo otseguka kapena zimakula m'matumba akuluakulu.
Kusamalira mbewu
Datura imatha kutchedwa chomera chosalemekeza, koma malamulo ena osamalira ayenera kuyang'aniridwa. Mbande zibzalidwe m'nthaka kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa June. Pakati pa mbeu, mtunda wa mita 1 ndi wofunikira, chifukwa m'dera lophanuka dukilo limakula bwino. Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kuti tisunge dothi loumbika, popeza nthambizo zimawonongeka mosavuta.
Tsambali likuyenera kukhala lotentha, louma komanso lodekha (mapesi amaphulika mosavuta pamafinya olimba). Dothi liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi komanso lotayirira. Dothi lopanda ndale kapena pang'ono zamchere ndizoyenera, laimu imawonjezeredwa ku dothi la acidic musanabzike.
Datura amakonda kuthirira nthawi zonse. Masamba ake akuluakulu amatulutsa chinyezi chambiri. Ndi kuthirira kosakwanira, iwo amafota msanga ndi kutaya turgor. M'nyengo yotentha, mbewuyo imamwetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kapena osachepera tsiku lililonse. Pankhaniyi, madzi sayenera kukhala osazika mizu. Kusunga kukongoletsa masamba, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi madzi oyera ndikofunikira.
Pa nyengo yakukhula ndi maluwa, Datura akusowa kwambiri zakudya. Feteleza amathandizidwa kawiri pamwezi. Kudyetsa mbewu yomwe ikukula mwachangu ndizosatheka. Maofesi owumbidwa ndi mchere komanso ma organic amathandizira m'nthaka. Kupangitsa maluwa kukhala ochulukirapo, ma dura ndi madzi okwanira. Nthawi zina, mutha kuthirira ndi mkaka wa laimu. Kupanda kuthirira ndi feteleza kungayambitse kuchepa kwamaluwa kapena kukhetsa kwathunthu masamba.
Kuti mbali yakumapeto ya mphukira isavumbulidwe ndipo chitsamba chimakongoletsa, iyenera kudulidwa. Chifukwa cha kubzala, mitundu yambiri imapangidwa. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kumapeto kwa maluwa kapena koyambirira kwamasika. Ngati mbewu zakula ngati zipatso zobzala kutchire, kumapeto kwa yophukira masamba onse amachotsedwa. Chapakatikati, mbande zatsopano zimabzalidwa.
Pakati pa Russia, poyera, Datura sikhala yozizira. Kuti tchuthi zokongola zisavutike ndi chisanu, ziyenera kukhala zobulungira m'machubu. Kapena pachaka kugwa kuti ndikasendeza ndikusandutsira pansi maphika akuya. Zomera sizingalekerere kutentha mpaka + 6 ... + 8 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, Datura iyenera kusungidwa pa + 10 ... + 12 ° C. Mu chipinda chowotcha, zimayambira zimatambasuka ndikuwonetsa zina. Imathirira madzi kawirikawiri. Zowunikira zimatha kukhala zochepa. Koyambilira kwa kasupe, tchire amazidulira ndikuzipititsa kuchipinda chowalira komanso chotentha.
Datura amalimbana ndi matenda, koma imvi zowola zimatha kukhala m'minda yowirira kwambiri. Tizilombo timamuyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri. Kuphwanya ukadaulo waulimi pa korona kokha komwe kangaude wowoneka bwino, ma weevils, ma whiteflies ndi ma bugs m'nkhalango atha kukhazikika. Kuthandizira tizirombo toyambitsa matenda kumathandizanso kuthana ndi majeremusi.
Datura m'munda
Chifukwa cha maluwa ataliatali komanso ochulukirapo, komanso ma corollas ambiri achilendo, Datura ndi mlendo wolandiridwa m'munda uliwonse. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mixborder, maluwa mabedi ndi malo amodzi obzala. Mitundu ya onunkhira sikhala monga mawonekedwe okongoletsera, komanso chophimba fungo losasangalatsa kuchokera pamulu wa kompositi. Njira zoyenda nazo zimagwera pansi, ndikupanga tchire loyambira. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa chomera cha ana ndi nyama.
Grass mu mankhwala
Datura ndi chomera chakupha, cha hallucinogenic. Madzi ake ali ndi alkaloids, makamaka atropine ndi scopolamine, komanso ma tannins, mafuta, carotene ndi mafuta ofunikira. Chiwerengero chachikulu chotsata ndi gawo la mbewu. Mothandizidwa ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu, munthu amakumana ndi kuyerekezera zinthu zina, amnesia, kusokonezeka m'maganizo komanso kutaya mgwirizano. Izi zitha kutenga maola angapo. Ndi bongo wambiri, njira zosasintha muubongo ndizothekanso.
Mwa chiwopsezo chake chonse, Datura sagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala komanso chikhalidwe, komanso mankhwala a pharmacology. Monga mukudziwa, ziphe zingapo zazing'ono zimagwira ngati mankhwala. Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala okhala ndi dura ya dura, amalimbana ndi matenda otsatirawa:
- rheumatism;
- tachycardia;
- mitengo;
- cholecystitis;
- bronchitis;
- mphumu ya bronchial;
- neuralgia;
- matenda oyenda.
Mankhwala achikhalidwe amagwiritsa ntchito decoctions ndi minyewa yokhala ndi Datura kuti muchepetse kusokonezeka kwamanjenje, kupumula minofu, kuchepetsa kutsokomola, mphumu komanso kuchepetsa kugwidwa. Dope amathandizanso kukokana kwam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa matenda a thrombosis. Masamba amakolola kumayambiriro kwamaluwa. Zouma mlengalenga pansi pa denga. Zinthu zouma zimaphatikizidwa kukhala ufa ndikuzisunga m'matumba a pepala kwa chaka chimodzi. Mizu imatha kukolola chaka chonse.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kogulitsa mafakitale mafuta ochulukirapo kuchokera masamba ndi mizu ya Datura. Ndi kupukutira pafupipafupi pakhungu, tsitsi limayamba kucheperachepera ndikukula pang'onopang'ono, kenako ndikuzimiririka.
Datura imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochotsa nyama. Masamba atsopano amawonjezeredwa kuti azidyetsa nkhumba kuti azithamangira ndikupanga mafuta. Kukonzekera kwazitsamba kumathandizira kumasula ng ombe za ng'ombe.
Njira zopewera kupewa ngozi
Ngakhale zili ndi zinthu zonse zabwino, Datura imakhalabe imodzi mwazomera zapoizoni kwambiri padziko lapansi. Zizindikiro za bongo ndi:
- ana opukusidwa;
- kuchuluka kwa mtima;
- redness la pakhungu;
- kupweteketsa mutu;
- youma mucous nembanemba.
Ngati zizindikiro zotere zapezeka, muzitsuka kaye m'mimba, imwani mankhwalawa ndikupita kuchipatala.
