Ma cyclamens ndi mtundu wamaluwa omera maluwa a banja la Primrose. Dzina lachiwiri ndi Alpine violet. Mitunduyi imaphatikizapo mitundu 20 ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa (kuyambira oyera mpaka ofiirira) ndi masamba osiyanasiyana. Kunyumba, Cyclamen Persian wodziwika bwino. Imawoneka ngati chomera chachikulu, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake masamba ake amasanduka achikasu, duwa limafa kapena limalowa gawo lanyama.
Chifukwa chiyani masamba a cyclamen amatembenukira chikasu kunyumba
Mwachilengedwe, cyclamen imamera nyengo yotentha ya Mediterranean, Spain, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Africa komanso mapiri a Black Sea. Zomera zam'mimba za cyclamen zikubwera masika ndi nthawi yonyowa, ndiye kuti kukula kwamaluwa kumachepera. Ma Tubers amasunga michere kuti izitha kupumula nthawi yotentha komanso yotentha, masamba amasowa, ndipo gawo laling'onolo pansi limawonekeranso pansi.
Cyclamen wokhala ndi masamba achikasu
Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe komanso koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira, pofika kuzizira komanso chinyezi, zomerazi zimayambiranso. M'mwezi wa Okutobala, tchire limakhala ndi tsamba lokwanira ndipo lili kukonzekera kuponya maluwa. Ngati masamba akutembenukira chikasu panthawi ya cyclamen, muyenera kudziwa zoyenera kuchita ngati mtundu wamoyo ungawopseze moyo ndi thanzi la duwa.
Momwe mungadziwire ngati chikasu ndi matenda kapena nyengo
Ngati nyengo yotentha yachilimwe yatha ndipo nyengo yozizira yapita, duwa layamba bwino, kenako chikaso chayamba, ndikulimbikitsidwa kupenda masamba ndi galasi lokulitsa.
Zofunika! Ndi chikasu chamkati, tsamba lamasamba limasintha pang'onopang'ono mtundu wake kuti ukhale mtundu wachikaso chowoneka bwino, masamba onse amaphatikizidwa pang'onopang'ono popanda bulauni ndi mawanga okhala ndi fluff yoyera.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutchere chidwi ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:
- Kubowola, kuda, ndikumwalira kuchokera mbali zina za tsamba ndi chizindikiro cha matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bowa. Nthaka imatha kuyambitsa fungo loipa. Mtsogolomo, nkhungu imakula, ndipo chomera chimakhala chovuta kupulumutsa.
- Ndi mawanga ang'onoang'ono pamasamba, muyenera kuyang'ana nsabwe za m'masamba kapena nkhupakupa kumbuyo kwawo, komanso mphukira - nkhanambo.
- Mtundu wa tsamba utasintha kukhala wachikaso kapena kuyera ndi kuyanika m'mbali popanda kupewetsa khungu ndi kuda, duwa limasowa michere.
- Ngati masamba akutembenukira chikasu ndi kutumbulukira nthawi yomweyo monga petioles afunira, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amawoneka "akhathamira" - chifukwa chagona zolakwika zosamalira.
Kusamala mosamala kudzathandiza kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake masamba a cyclamen atembenukira chikasu.
Matenda a Fusarium
Kusamalidwa kosayenera chifukwa cha masamba achikasu
M'nyengo yozizira, ndizovuta kukhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa + 14 ... +17 madigiri m'nyumba kapena nyumba yapa mzinda, nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera. Chinyezi chizikhala pamlingo wa 55-60%, koma m'nyumba ndizochepa kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti masamba amaluwa ayambe kutembenukira chikaso (kuchokera kumiyeso yotsika). Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, duwa liyenera kuchotsedwa kumpoto chakumadzulo kapena kumpoto chakum'mawa, litha kupititsidwa kumalo osangalatsa a loggia kapena veranda wokongoletsedwa m'nyumba. Kuthirira kupereka 2 kawiri pa sabata, pukusani chomera ndi madzi osazizira kuposa +18 ... +20 madigiri kuchokera pa mfuti yokula.
Chifukwa chake masamba a cyclamen amatembenukira chikasu pa maluwa, choti achite
Nthawi yamaluwa, duwa limafunikira michere yonse. Tisaiwale za kuthirira nthawi zonse ndikuwonjezera chinyezi mchipindacho. Ngati nkhungu kapena mbewa zaoneka pansi, kumasula kuyenera kuchitika.
Zambiri! Miphika yayikulu, ma cyclamens samva bwino, amasintha maluwa, ndipo masamba amatha kutuwa.
Pamapeto kwa chilimwe kapena koyambira kwa nthawi yophukira, ndikofunikira kuchita kafukufuku wamasamba, ngati kuli kotheka, sinthani zotengera ndi dothi, ndi mavalidwe apamwamba. Dothi liyenera kukhala ndi pH pamlingo woyambira pang'onopang'ono - kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 6.0. Kutalika kwa chidebe kuyenera kupitilira tuber ndi masentimita 1.0-1.5. Pakudyetsa, zovuta zonse zokhala ndi macro- ndi microelements Reasil ndizoyenera. Pakutalika kwa maluwa, mbewuyo imatha kudyetsedwanso ndi zovuta zomwezo ndikutalika kwa masiku 15-20.
Chisamaliro chosayenerera
Matenda ndi tizirombo tomwe timayambitsa chikasu komanso kusokonekera kwa masamba
Matenda a Fusarium ndi anthracnose amayamba ndi kutulutsa masamba. Chikasu chimayendera limodzi ndi kutsitsi ndi kufa kwa mbali zina za tsamba. Kufunika kofunika kuchitira mbewu. Kupatula matenda a nthawi zina, chidebe chimayikidwa padera ndikuwaza ndi topazi. Pambuyo pa masiku 4-5, ndikofunikira kuchitira duwa ndi Alirin B ndikuthira yankho ndi dothi mumbale.
Ndikosavuta kupulumutsa mbewu ngati chitsa chikuvunda. Omwe amathandizira pachipembedzochi ndi mitundu yambiri ya bowa. Matendawa amatenga dothi kapena zinthu zakale zomwe sizinapangidwe. Sakani mosamala chitsamba ndikuyang'ana tuber ndi mizu. Ngati pali khungu lakuda ndi kuyimitsa imvi - izi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda okhala ndi mizu. Maluwa ndi dothi zowonongeka ziyenera kutayidwa ndipo zotengera zitetezedwe.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Cyclamen:
- nsabwe za m'masamba;
- nkhupakupa;
- kuponya;
- tizilombo tambiri.
Zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa ndizopsinjika kwambiri, matenda amalumikizana, ndipo maluwa ndiosavuta kusunga. Zotsatira zamankhwala kapena nsabwe (kumbuyo) zimawoneka pamasamba. Chomera chimatha kutenga kachilomboka kudzera mu dothi kapena zinthu kuchokera ku sitolo.
Kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za tizirombo, chithandizo ndi Fufanon chimafunika. Ngati tizilombo taukali, tating'onoting'ono kapena nsabwe za m'masamba, sitingathenso kutengedwa pakangodwala kamodzi, patatha masiku 7-10, timatsanulanso ndi Actellik. Pofuna kukonza mankhwala othira mankhwala a Fitoverm mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngati masamba a cyclamen atatembenuka chikasu ndikuwoneka kuti achoka panyumba, kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala kudzathandizira kubwezeretsa thanzi ndikukula kwamaluwa.
