Duwa la Tillandsia - chisamaliro chakunyumba

Tillandsia ali ndi mitundu pafupifupi mazana anayi ndipo imamera m'malo osiyanasiyana achilengedwe. Njira yosinthira kusintha kwa nyengo yathandizira kuti pakhale maluwa osiyanasiyana, kutengera nyengo.

Duwa la Tillandsia: mitundu, mawonekedwe osamalira kunyumba

Duwa lokongola ndi la mitundu ya Bromeliad. Chomera cham'madzi chamaluwa, kutengera mitundu, chikhoza kukhala pachaka kapena osatha. Malinga ndi njira yakukula, imatha kukhala yapadziko lapansi kapena epiphytic. Zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimamera kunyumba ndizosasilira. Maonekedwe ndi mtundu wa mbewuyo ndizosiyanasiyana, kutengera mitundu.

Tillandsia wakunyumba

Nkhani yamawonekedwe

Katswiri wazamoyo wa ku Sweden Karl Linney adatcha mbewuyo pambuyo pa wasayansi wa ku Finland Elias Tillands, yemwe adayambitsa Botanical Garden ku Finland.

Kwawo kwa chomera

Duwa limayambira kumwera kwa America. Inagawidwa ku Chile, Mexico. Duwa limamera m'mapiri ndi marse, malo otentha, chipululu, ma savannah. M'munda wamtchire, mbewuyo imalumikizidwa ndi mizu yake ku miyala kapena mitengo. Ku Russia, imamera pokhapokha mochita kupanga.

Tillandsia: chisamaliro chakunyumba

Pakukula ndi kukula, ndikokwanira kupereka zikhalidwe pafupi ndi zachilengedwe.

Kutentha

Tillandsia amakonda kutentha, koma kutentha kumamuwononga. M'chilimwe, chotchinga chotchinga chovomerezeka chimachokera ku +20 mpaka +28 ℃. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha sikuyenera kugwa pansi +17 ℃. Chipinda chomwe duwalo limakhalamo liyenera kupitiramo mpweya wabwino.

Kuwala

Pewani kudziwonetsa mwachindunji ndi dzuwa, apo ayi masamba adzayamba kuyaka, zomwe zimatsogolera kuti mbewuyo ipere. Maluwa amafunikira kuwala kofananira. M'nyengo yozizira, kuunika kowonjezera kumayikidwa.

Kuthirira

Mlingo ndi pafupipafupi wa hydration wa tillandsia zimatengera zosiyanasiyana. Kwa mitundu yokhala ndi mizu yolimba, kuthirira pang'ono pakatha nthawi. M'chilimwe, nthaka mumphika imayenera kusungidwa nthawi zonse. M'masiku otentha, duwa limathiridwa madzi kawiri patsiku ndimadzi okhazikika. M'nyengo yozizira, kufunda kwamtundu wamdothi kumachepetsedwa kotero kuti pamwamba pake pamakhala nthawi youma madziwo asanamwe.

Kuwaza

Mitundu yodalitsika imayenera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, chifukwa chifukwa chosowa mizu, chomera chimalandira zinthu zofunika kuti chomera chikule ndikukula. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa limapoperedwa ndi madzi ofunda. Panthawi yopanga ndikutsegulira masamba, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumayima. M'chilimwe, shawa yofunda imafunika pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse.

Chinyezi

Mlengalenga mchipinda chomwe muli mbewu pamakhala chinyontho ndi 60%. Chifukwa chake, zotengera zamadzi kapena chonyowa chapadera chimayikidwa pafupi ndi mphika.

Dothi

Kwa tillandsia, kusakaniza kwa primer komwe kunagulidwa kale kwa ma orchid ndi koyenera. Kuti mukonze nthaka yanu:

• gawo limodzi lamtunda;
• gawo limodzi la peat;
• gawo limodzi la mchenga wowuma;
• gawo limodzi la sphagnum ndi kuwonjezera kwa makala ophwanyika.

Asanadzalemo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitha kuwongoletsa dothi. Pansi pamphika muyenera kuyika ngalande osachepera gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a buku lonse.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Mitundu ya Epiphytic (yopanda mizu) imadyetsedwa ndi zothetsera michere. Amapopera masamba kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri. Feteleza wosakaniza ndi madzi muyezo wa 1: 4. Mitundu ya mphika imaphatikizidwa munyengo yachangu yogwira ndi feteleza wamadzimadzi kawiri pamwezi kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira.

Simungagwiritse ntchito kuvala mwachizolowezi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zampweya - zimakhala ndi poizoni. Tillandsia amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza amadzimadzi a Bromileevs.

Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani

Tillandsia limamasula zachilendo komanso zokongola. Choyamba, imatulutsa khutu lomwe limaphuka mosiyanasiyana. Mitundu ndi kukula kwa masamba ndiosiyana mitundu.

Mitundu ya maluwa

Masamba a maluwa amatulutsa m'modzi ndi m'modzi. Mabulogi ndi pinki, lofiirira, ofiira, achikasu, lalanje, lilac, kotero mpakaandsia nthawi zonse amawoneka wonyezimira.

Maonekedwe a maluwa

Ku tillandsia, peduncle yowoneka bwino imapangidwa, nthawi zambiri imakhala yotuwa ngati mawonekedwe a khutu. Duwa lililonse limakhala ndi miyala itatu ya buluu yowala, buluu kapena utoto. Maluwa amatembenukira. Nthawi imeneyi, mpaka zidutswa 20 zitha kuwululidwa. Amazimiririka msanga. Pomwe ziuma, zimadulidwa.

Nthawi ya maluwa

Limamasula m'chilimwe, nthawi zambiri zimatha kuchitika m'dzinja komanso nthawi yozizira. Njira yotsegulira masamba imatha kupitilira miyezi iwiri kapena kupitilira. Pakadali pano, yang'anira chinyezi ndi masamba ake.

Tillandsia pachimake

Kudulira

Masamba owuma okha kapena owonongeka amachotsedwa. Mwambiri, chomera chaandandsia sichifunikira kudulira. Akamera mphukira, dunayo wamkulu amafa ndi kuwuma. Kenako mphukira zazing'onoting'ono zimasiyidwa kwa maluwa ndi kubzala payokha.

Kuswana

Momwe tillandsia amafotokozera:

• njira yamasamba;
• m'njira yopatsa.

Ana

Ana amatchedwa akuwombera mbali. Kukula kwawo kwakukulu kumagwera nthawi yopanga komanso kutsegulira masamba. Chomera chimodzi chimatha kupanga mphukira zazikazi zitatu kapena zitatu.

Mphukira yokhala ndi mizu yolimbikitsidwa imabzalidwa mosiyana. Nthaka imakonzedwa kuchokera ku peat ndi mchenga, kusakanizidwa mofanana.

Pakakhala mwana m'modzi yekhayo, ndiye kuti chomera chija chimachotsedwa kuti chikhale chowombera mwana wamkazi. Young mpakaandsia amasangalala ndi maluwa zaka ziwiri / zitatu.

Mbewu

Zomera zam'mera pogwiritsa ntchito mumchenga wothira pamchenga ndi peat. Mbewu zimabalalika pamtunda popanda kuwaza pamwamba. Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi galasi kapena kanema ndikuyika malo otentha owala. Zikumera pambuyo pa masiku 25-30. Maluwa amawonekera patatha zaka zisanu.

Ana ozika mizu a mpakaandsia kuti akhale oswana

Thirani

Chomera chimachotsedwa mu chidebe chakale, kuyeretsa mizu ya lapansi, ndikuyiyika mumphika wambiri komanso wosaya. Dothi lokwera, komanso kuwonjezera kwamakala, lakhazikitsidwa pansi.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula

Duwa la Tillandsia limafuna kuti pakhale nyengo yabwino ya microclimatic. Tizilombo timatha kuoneka mu chomera chomwe chimafowoka chifukwa cha kuzika kapena malo osayenera.

Tizilombo

Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha mpakaandsia - tizilombo tambiri ndi mphutsi. Amachotsedwa pachomera popukuta masamba ndi sokosi yankho. Ndi matenda oopsa, mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mavuto ena

Zomera za banja la Bromeyl zimakumana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungal. Mawanga akuda amawoneka pamasamba. Kuti muchiritse mbewu, muyenera kudula masamba omwe akukhudzidwa.

Mavuto akulu:

1. Maonekedwe a bulauni mawanga pamasamba chifukwa cha kuthirira kosayenera. Ndikofunikira kusintha chinyezi ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi osasankhidwa okha.
2. Kuperewera kwa mapangidwe a maluwa ndi maluwa kumachitika pakakhala kuwala kosakwanira komanso chinyezi chosakwanira. Chomera chimapangidwanso m'chipinda chowala, chowonjezera chowonjezera ndi chinyezi chama mpweya chimayikidwa.
3. Masamba amatha kukhala oderako chifukwa chotenthedwa ndi dzuwa. M'nthawi yotentha, mphika womwe umakhala ndi chomera uyenera kutetezedwa, kuti uziteteza ku dzuwa.
4. Kuola kwamaluwa kumachitika ngati tilandsia wobzalidwa m'nthaka wamba. Kapenanso chifukwa chinyezi zambiri m'nthaka. Amachichitira ndi dothi lathunthu.
5. Masamba opindika ndi kuwuma - palibe chinyezi chokwanira, muyenera kuthira mbewu chomera nthawi zambiri.

Mitundu

Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu ingapo ya maluwa. Ena mwa iwo ndi omwe amatha kusinthidwa kuti akule mumphika.

Atmospheric (epiphytic)

Zomera zokhala ndi masamba obiriwira, osakhala ndi mizu. Makala ofota pamasamba amathandizira chomera kudyetsa komanso kusamalira madzi bwino. Mitundu yayikulu yamtunduwu:

• Tillandsia usneoides (mpakaandsia usneoides) ali ndi dzina lachiwiri "Louisiana moss". Masamba ofiira amtundu wamtambo wamtambo. Nyimbo zamkati zimapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo zimathandizira, mabatani a tillandsia. Kusamalira kunyumba kwa tillandsia ndikosavuta: kutsirira pafupipafupi ndi kutentha kwa nyengo kuchokera +18 ℃ mpaka +21 ℃.
• Tillandsia ionanta violet-flowered (mpakaandsia ionantha) ali ndi masamba azithunzi, maluwa ndi a buluu. Pakapangidwa masamba, masamba amasanduka ofiira.
• Tillandsia "Mutu wa jellyfish" (Tillandsia caput medusae) ali ndi mawonekedwe a bulb wokhala ndi masamba oyandikana, omwe amaweramira kumtunda pamwamba. Ma inflorescence ndi ofiira achikuda.
• Tillandsia xerography (Tillandsia xerographica) ndiye mtundu waukulu kwambiri. Imakula mpaka 1 mita kukwera. Masamba ndi siliva, opindika kumapeto. Masamba a Leafy ndi pinki wowala, ndipo duwa lokha ndi lofiirira.
• Tillandsia bulbose (Tillandsia bulbosa). Masamba ndi owonda, aatali. Zomera zikatulutsa, masamba apamwamba amasanduka ofiira, ndipo duwa limayamba kukhala lavenda.
• Tillandsia Potton Pipi (Tillandsia Cotton Pipi) 12 cm, mainchesi kutulutsa kofika masentimita 17. Imafikira pamalo otentha a nyumba, nthawi yozizira imakhala ndi dontho la madigiri mpaka +12 ℃. Pamafunika kuchepetsa kuthirira. Imafunikira kuwala kambiri, imakula ngakhale padzuwa.

Tillandsia epiphytic mitundu

Amawumba

Wokhala ndi masamba opyapyala wobiriwira monga mawonekedwe a rosette. Ma spike inflorescence okhala ndi ma bracts owala amapangidwa:

• Tillandsia cyanidea buluu (Tillandsia cyanea) ali ndi duwa lamasamba audzu, utoto wake umasintha kuchoka pa wofiira kukhala wamizere yofiirira. Maluwa amtundu wabuluu kapena wabuluu, mabulogi amapaka utoto wowala wa lilac kapena wapinki.
• Tillandsia Anita. Masamba ake owoneka bwino ndi ochepa thupi komanso onenepa. Amapanga rosette, pakatikati pake pomwe pali pang'onopang'ono pamakhala duwa la buluu lokhala ndi mabatani a pinki kapena a lilac.
• Tillandsia lindenii (Tillandsia lindenii) ali ndi inflorescence yayikulu, komanso mtundu wa bracts. Mu inflorescence, ndi ofiira kapena ofiira apinki, ndipo maluwa amatenthedwa amtambo ndipo ali ndi maso oyera.

Tillandsia pot

Tillandsia ndi chomera chosowa kwambiri chomwe chimasinthika mosiyanasiyana pamachitidwe osiyanasiyana. Kuti mukule duwa lokongola komanso lopangidwa bwino, muyenera kuisamalira bwino. Kenako adzawonjezera zosiyanasiyana mkati, kutsindika mawonekedwe ake.