Dahlias ndi maluwa omwe amakhala osachita bwino m'chilimwe, ndipo kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira amafunika chidwi chowonjezeracho kwa wolima dimba. Ntchito yayikulu imalumikizidwa ndi chakuti dahlia, pokhala chomera cha thermophilic, sichitha kukhalabe panja nthawi yachisanu. Poyembekezera chisanu, mbewuyo imakumbidwa ndikusungidwa mpaka kumapeto kwa chipinda chapansi kapena nyumba - kwa yemwe ndizosavuta. Kusamalira moyenera dahlias m'dzinja, kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu ya imodzi mwazomera zomwe zimakonda kwambiri maluwa ndi chitsimikizo kuti chomera chidzadabwa ndi zokongoletsera zake zosowa chaka chamawa.
Kodi mbewu imasamalira chisamaliro chotani m'dzinja
M'dzinja, ntchito zosamalira dahlia zimapangidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti ma tubers amatha kuzizira bwino
Mukugwa, amafunika dothi lomwe dahlias amakula (ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba agwa, zinyalala - malo osungirako matenda), ndi duwa lokha. Iyenera kukonzekera nyengo yozizira yomwe ikubwera - kuzungulira, kubzala, kusintha dongosolo la kuthirira ndi kuvala pamwamba, kukumba bwino ma tubers.
Kukonzekera nthawi yozizira kumaphatikizapo zochitika zingapo, chilichonse chomwe chimafunikira kuyeserera kuchokera kwa wosamalira dimba, koma amakupatsani mwayi kuti musunge zinthu zofunika kubzala mpaka nthawi yamasika.
Oyeretsa malo
Kuyeretsa dothi kumathandizira kuthetsa mwayi woti kusamutsa matenda osiyanasiyana ku mbewu zathanzi
Sikuti aliyense wofunika kwambiri pantchitoyi, koma pachabe: nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi tchire iyenera kutsukidwa masamba, masamba, nthambi, zinyalala zilizonse, chifukwa mwa iwo momwe tizirombo tina tosiyanasiyana, komanso tizilomboti tili ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus, omwe amatha kuwononga monga kubzala, ndi mbewu zobzalidwa m'maluwa.
Kututa kumachitika masabata awiri musanakumbire dahlias, kukumbukira kuti kutentha kwa mlengalenga ndi nthaka kumachepa, tubers timayamba kugwidwa ndi matenda. Mvula yanyengo zimathandizira kuti tizirombo tokhazikika mu zinyalala za mbewu titha kulowa mu dothi.
Kuyendera njira
Kusintha kwa mbewu zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kuchitika mosamala.
Iyenera kudutsa muzomera zonse. Ngati wokonza dimba atapeza dahlias wadwala matenda ena, owuma mu mpesawo, ayenera kuyikumba ndi dothi ndikuwotcha kuti aletse kufalitsa kwa matenda oyandikana nawo. Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matendawa ndi chidutswa choyera chomwe chimayamba chifukwa cha bowa, mawanga a bulauni, zowola, komanso kuyanika mwachidule kwa tsinde ndi masamba a dahlia.
Zomera zosasunthika zimapangidwanso kukanidwa, zomwe nthawi yonse ya chilimwe sizinatenge zipatso, zomwe zimayambira ndizitali kwambiri komanso zosalimba. Tsoka ilo, sikofunikira kuyembekezera kuti zotsatira zake zidzakhala zosiyana mu nyengo yotsatira.
Kupukusa ndi kudulira
Omwe alimi ena amakhulupirira kuti ngati mutadula zitsamba zonse ndi chida chimodzi chodulira, mutha kufalitsa kachilombo ka kachiromboka mpaka pagulu lalikulu
Kukula kwakazungulira kuteteza mizu ya duwa kuti isungidwe usiku wozizira. Mutha kubowola chitsamba mu sabata loyamba la Seputembala kapena kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Kutalika kwa mulu m'munsi mwa tsinde kuyenera kukhala kuchokera 8 mpaka 12 cm.
Kudulira kwa tsinde pamalo okwera pafupifupi 15 cm kuchokera pansi kutachitika maluwa atamaliza, ndi chitsa chilichonse chimayenera kukhala ndi chizindikiro ndi dzina la mitundu ya dahlia.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Pakatha kuthirira kapena kudyetsa, nthaka yomwe ili pansi pa dahlias imayenera kumasulidwa ndikuchotsa udzu.
Pankhani yothirira, wosamalira mundawo ayenera kuchita mosemphana ndi chilengedwe. Zomera, zikukonzekera nthawi yozizira, zimakonda kukhala chinyezi, kudziunjikira mu malo osungika pafupi ndi mizu. Chifukwa cha izi, ma tubers sangawume ndipo kasupe pakhale mwayi wogwira ntchito mwachangu. Komabe, ngati pali madzi ochulukirapo, izi zipangitsa kuti khosi la mizu lisadziwike komanso kuti timizu tivunduke. Kuti izi zisachitike, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa kawiri, osachepera sabata limodzi osakumba mbewuzo.
Ngati ivumba nthawi zambiri, bedi lamaluwa lokhala ndi dahlias limaphimbidwa ndi filimu yotsimikizira kuti chomeracho komanso dothi limapeza madzi ochepa momwe lingathere.
Ponena za kudyetsa, ndiye kuti pali zoletsa. Kukonzekera mbewu zakugona, nthawi yomaliza feteleza (potashi ndi phosphorous) sagwiritsiridwa ntchito pasanafike pa Ogasiti 20. Mu malita 10 amadzi, 1 tsp. potaziyamu sulfate ndi superphosphate ndikuwononga pachitsamba chilichonse pafupifupi malita atatu a njira.
Momwe mungakumbe dahlias
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndiyambe ntchitoyi ngati masamba a dahlia amakhalabe obiriwira ndipo maluwa akupitilira. Komabe, munthu sayenera kudikirira chisanu champhamvu, chifukwa amatha kuyambitsa kuvunda kwa khosi la mizu.
Ndikofunika kuchita ntchito iyi pouma, tsiku lotentha lopanda chifunga ndi chizungulire. Ndipo ngati ndi kotheka, m'mawa, kuti tubers ziume usiku.
Izi ndizomwe mukufuna:
- nkhumba;
- mabungwe;
- scoop;
- mpeni.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tidzafunikiranso: makala amtundu wa ufa, manganese pokonzekera yankho, kukonzekera kwa Fitosporin (posankha).
Ndondomeko tsiku ndi tsiku:
- Ngati dahlia yasunga tsinde ndi masamba, imadulidwa ndi pruner kuti isasokoneze ntchito.
- Tachokapo pakati pa chomera ndi 30 cm, chitsamba chimakumbidwa mozungulira malo mothandizidwa ndi pitchfork. Kwa maluwa akulu akulu akulu, mulifupi mwake azikhala akuluakulu kuti asakhudze mizu ya mbewu.
- Zilonda zimachotsedwa mu dothi, osakoka nsonga, kuti zisang'ambe.
Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kuti tisasunge ngakhale mizu, koma masamba am'badwo watsopano womwe wakhazikitsidwa pafupi ndi tsinde - kuchokera kwa iwo mchaka ndi kukula kwa duwa latsopano kuyambira
- Manja kapena mothandizidwa ndi scoop yaying'ono, timachucha timatsukidwa pansi.
Ngati dothi lonyowa kapena dongo, mutha kuyesa kulipukuta ndi mtsinje wamadzi kuchokera payipi
- Mizu yake ikatsukidwa, zimatha kuyendera mosamala ma tubers kuti awonongeke kapena matenda ena aliwonse kapena kuwonongeka. Ngati ndizosafunikira, dera lozungulira limatsukidwa ndi mpeni. Kuphatikiza apo, mizu yofooka imadulidwa ndi pruner.
- Chidole chomwe chili ndi dzina la maluwa chimakhala chilichonse. Iwo omwe akukonzekera kuthana ndi odulidwa mu nyengo yatsopano ayenera kuyika chizindikiro ndi chizindikiro champhamvu kwambiri cha tubers choyenera kuchita izi.
Dahlias amalembedwa kuti adziwe kasupe komwe mitunduyo ili.
- Tubers anaikira kuti ziume.
- Zomera zobzala zimayang'aniridwa ndi disinfection. Njira ya potaziyamu permanganate imateteza bwino ma tubers ku matenda oyamba ndi fungus (wotsikira kwa mphindi 40). Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opakidwa mankhwala monga Hom ndi Maxim. Magawo pamizu amathandizidwa ndi makala.
- Zouma komanso zouma zimayeretsedwa "nthawi yozizira". Itha kuikidwa mu bokosi la mchenga kapena utuchi, akatswiri ambiri olima matendawa amaganiza zosungidwa bwino kwambiri zodzala zinthu zingapo zigawo za nyuzipepala. Chilichonse chomwe chimasankhidwa, ndikofunikira kupereka "nyengo yachisanu" yamitundu: kutentha kwakukulu kuchokera ku +4 mpaka +9zaC, wapamwamba kwambiri - +10zaC, chinyezi ndi pafupifupi 60%.
Mizu youma bwino iyenera kusungidwa kuti isawonongeke
Kanema: kukonzekera dahlias yozizira
Kanema: momwe mungapulumutsire dahlias nthawi yachisanu
Gawoli la Tuber
Cholinga chachikulu cha kupatukana ndikupeza mizu yolimba kukula kwake, pomwe kuchuluka kwa kukula, ndipo, chifukwa chake, kumakupatsani mwayi wokukwanitsani kwambiri maluwa ndi kukula koyenera kwa mbewu
Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa agwira magawo a tubers posachedwa kukumba - sizikupanga nzeru kusiya ntchitoyi mpaka masika, chifukwa tubers izikhala yovuta ndipo njirayi imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Mukugawa, kubzala zinthu zimalembedwa kuti kasupe mutha kupanga maluwa okongola kwambiri pamalowo.
Ngati ma tubers ndi ochepa, kuwagawa kukhala magawo osavomerezeka.
Chithandizo cha parafini
Mphindikati 1, mumizirani tuber mu parafini wosungunula, tengani kunja, dikirani masekondi angapo ndikuviika m'madzi amuyaya
Njirayi imateteza kubzala zinthu kuti zisawonongedwe nthawi yachisanu. Mizu wouma umamizidwa mu paraffini woyenga. Kenako kuyanika kumatsatiranso kwa masiku osachepera awiri. Mu odalirika ma rhizomes amaikidwa mu makatoni. Ndipo zimatha kusungidwa mu chipindacho. Zikumera zikayamba kukhazikika m'masika, zimatha kugonjetsedwa ndi parafini.
Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira yokonzera mazira a nkhuku. Menyani, kenako ndikubowola ndi burashi kuti akhalepo. Kuti mukwaniritse bwino, mankhwalawa amachitika katatu, kuonetsetsa kuti wosanjikiza aliyense ndi wowuma kwathunthu.
Autumn isamalira dahlias, mukutengera mawonekedwe am'madera
M'chipindacho, zinthu zodzala ziyenera kusungidwa m'malo ozizira kwambiri, monga lamulo, zimayikidwa mu kabati ndipo zimayikidwa pafupi ndi khonde
M'madera akumwera kwa Russia, pamakhala chizolowezi chosiya nyengo yachisanu mu dahlias pansi. Mitengo yotsika yovomerezeka ndiyambira -5 mpaka -7zaC. Kubzala nthawi yozizira kumakonzedwa motere: mapesi ndi masamba a dahlias amadulidwa ndikuchotsedwa m'munda wamaluwa, ndipo dothi limakutidwa ndi mulch kuchokera ku makungwa kapena nthambi za conifers. Zosanjikiza ziyenera kukhala masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Palibe peat kapena kompositi zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mulch: ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kuli koyenera, kuwonongeka kwa khomo lachiberekero cha mizu kumatha kuyamba pansi pa zinthuzi.
Komabe, zilibe kanthu kuti zokonzekera zobzala chisanachitike nyengo yozizira zimachitika bwanji, pali mwayi wotaya maluwa. Chifukwa chake, ambiri wamaluwa, ngakhale kumwera kwa dzikolo, akuwopa zosadabwitsa nyengo, akumba ma dahlia tubers. Izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa Okutobala - koyambirira kwa Novembala.
Ku Urals, ntchito izi zimakonda kugwa kumapeto kwa Seputembala - masiku oyamba a Okutobala, ku Siberia - ndizochepa kwa Seputembala. Panjira yapakatikati (kuphatikiza m'matawuni), ma tubia a dahlia nthawi zambiri amakumbidwa kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala.
Ndemanga
Ndakumba kale ma dahlias onse ndikuwatumiza ku sitolo. Ndimasunga machubu onse m'matumba apulasitiki ndimitundu, ndimaphimba ndi dothi louma kuchokera ku wowonjezera kutentha, ndikumangirira kuti pasakhale kusinthana kwa mpweya ndi chilengedwe. Ndili ndi 2-5 ° С posungira, chitetezo - 98%. Nditamaliza kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, si onse ma tubers amene adadzuka pano. M'mbuyomu, pomwe panali ma tubers ochepa, amasungidwanso pansi pazenera mufiriji. Anasungidwanso bwino, koma kutentha pamenepo, mu February adayamba kudzuka.
zojaox
//www.e1.ru/talk/forum/read.php?f=122&i=44648&t=44648&page=11
Ndikofunikira kugawa muzu kukhala magawikidwe. Gawani kuti ndi ochepa komanso aliyense ali ndi impso. Chilichonse chosweka popanda impso - molimba mtima kompositi komanso popanda kunong'oneza bondo. Njira yogawa - pakatikati mumamatira mpeni wamphamvu (kapena msomali) IIIiiiii ndipo pang'onopang'ono mumayamba kuphwanya chisa. Ndipo zina - musawope, zonse zikhala. Ogawa akakhala okonzeka, ndiye kuwaza zigawo zonse ndi malasha osweka, chabwino, kapena kupaka mafuta ndi masamba. Ikani kuwala, koma osati padzuwa, kuti musakhumudwitse. Impso zimagunda pang'onopang'ono ... ndiye kuti mukudziwa. ;-) Molimba Mtima !!!! Mudzachita bwino - aka ndi koyamba kuwopsa. :-)
IElenaG
//www.e1.ru/talk/forum/read.php?f=122&i=44648&t=44648&page=12&
Nyengo yoyamba itatha, mabatani sanakhale akulu; atakumba, nthaka inagwedezeka, inauma pang'ono, ndikupukutidwa m'mabokosi, yodzazidwa ndi zomata zowuma ndi pansi panthaka, osati zonse, koma zochuluka, koma zambiri. Otsatira tubers adachulukirachulukira ndikusungidwa bwino nyengo yotsatirayi, komabe pali mphero.
Lasto4ka
//forum-flower.ru/showthread.php?t=940&page=9
Ndili kukumba dahlias tchire litatha kufa chisanu koyamba. Ine ndimatsuka tubers bwino, ndikudula nsonga (ndikusiya masentimita 5), ndikuwapaka ndi yankho la baseazole ndikuwayika pa veranda kuti ome. Akawuma bwino, ndimatenga makatoni kapena mabeseni, ndikuthira dothi lowuma, kuyika ma tubers, utuchi pamwamba kenanso, ndikumapita nawo kumalo obisalirako, komwe amasungidwa mpaka Epulo. Pakusungidwa, kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kutsika pansi + 3 ° C!
Sveta2609
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/7511/
M'banja lathu, mbadwo wachitatu uli kale "kuvutika" mu dahlias. Ndikukuwuzani za njira zosungira mazira m'nyengo yozizira, agogo anga adagonera m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, adapita nawo mumzinda ndikusungidwa m'bokosi lamchenga. Zotayika nthawi yozizira zinali zochepa. Chilichonse chimakhumudwitsidwa mwa ine: adayimitsa mumchenga, amawola m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, adayika mafuta ndi parafini - sanapulumutse, adayeretsa m'firiji - sanatero. Anthu abwino adagawana zomwe adakumana nazo m'maphunziro a maluwa otentha: kumapeto kwa Seputembala, tchire liyenera kukhala lotsekemera ngati mbatata ndikutukuka pambuyo posachedwa chisanu, masamba atasanduka akuda, sambani timadzala mu njira ya potaziyamu ya potaziyamu, kuphimba malo owonongeka ndi phulusa (malasha wophwanyika) ndikuwuma. Pamwamba pa tubers muyenera kukhala wouma kwathunthu. Kenako ikani chofufumiracho thumba la pulasitiki lakuthwa, kutsanulira theka la phulusa la phulusa ndikulimangiriza mwamphamvu komanso mwamphamvu. Kenako ikani phukusi lachiwiri ndikuwina pamfundo. Chifukwa chake ndakhala ndikusunga ma tubers a dahlia kwazaka zambiri, ali mumzinda wanga mu khwalala mu chipinda. M'nyengo yozizira, ndimatsegula, kuyang'ana, kuchotsa yoyipa kawiri kapena katatu. Pofika masika, pamadzuka masamba, nthawi zina ndimatulutsa timabowo totsikira, ndipo ngati kasupe wayandikira kale, ndimatsanulira nthaka m'thumba ndikuyamba kuthilira. Ndimalowetsa mu loggia kwa tsiku limodzi ndikubwera ku chipinda changa chausiku. Ndi njira yosungira iyi, zotayika ndizochepa. Inde, pali chinthu china - mitundu yakale yosungidwa imasungidwa bwino kuposa kusankha kwa dahlias kwatsopano.
Natasa
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/7511/page-4
Akatswiri salimbikitsa kusunga nthawi pakukonzekera kubzala zinthu za dahlias nthawi yachisanu. Mukatsatira mosamalitsa malingaliro onse, ndiye kuti kumayambiriro kwa kasupe wolima adzakhala ndi njira yabwino kwambiri, yopanda zipatso, ndipo nthawi yachilimwe maluwa okongola amakhala ndi mitundu yowala.
