Stapelia - chisamaliro chakunyumba, mitundu ya zithunzi ndi mitundu

Perennial Stapelia (Stapelia) ndi wa banja la Gustovye (Asclepiadaceae) ndipo ndi wokoma mtima yokhala ndi phesi lokwanira masentimita 10 mpaka 60. Dziko lakutali la stapelia ndi zigawo zakumwera ndi kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Africa, pomwe chomera chokomachi chimakonda kumera m'mphepete mwa mapiri ndi mchenga.

Mbali yodziwika bwino ya mtengowo ndi mitengo yamiyala yochokera pansi, yophimbidwa m'mphepete ndi mano akuthwa, opanda masamba. Akuwombera wobiriwira kapena wotumbululuka - utoto wonyezimira wowoneka bwino kwambiri ungakhale ndi violet - tint yofiira.

Maluwa asanu-peteled, ofanana ndi starfish, ofanana kukula 5 mpaka 30 cm, pachimake pa maulendo ataliitali, osongoka. Maluwa oyamba, owoneka bwino amakhala ndi motley kapena mtundu wowonekera, koma amatulutsa fungo losasangalatsa kwambiri.

Onaninso momwe mungakulitsire zopanga tokha.

Zothandiza pang'onopang'ono

Amakhulupirira kuti stapelia imasintha bwino psycho - momwe munthu akumvera, mphamvu yachipinda momwe amakuliramo, kuzimitsa mphamvu zoyipa, zimakhudza bwino mkhalidwe wa musculoskeletal system. Sichitulutsa poizoni.

Stapelia: chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwachidule

Samalirani mayendedwe kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Chomerachi ndi chosavuta kusamalira, koma chimafuna kutsatira malamulo ena ndi ma microclimate magawo kuti awonekere:

Maluwa stapelia

Nthawi yamaluwa imachitika nthawi zambiri mchilimwe. Poyamba, zazikulu, ngati dzira la nkhuku, masamba a mpweya amapangika pansi pa mphukira, kapena pamwamba pake. Mphukira imatseguka pamtunda wautali, wowotcha. Maluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe a belu kapena lathyathyathya-mawonekedwe asanu. Mitundu yanyama yomwe idasungunuka pamunsi pake imapanga chimbudzi chomwe mungakhazikitsemoyo.

Makulidwe a maluwa a stapelia m'mimba mwake atha kukhala kuyambira 5 mpaka 30 cm. Pamwamba pa pamakhala yokutidwa ndi thunzi tambiri tambiri. Iwo ndi oyera kapena oyera pinki, ndipo maluwa enieniwo ndi okongola, mitundu yoyambirira. Zomera zamaluwa kunyumba maluwa zimawoneka bwino, koma zimakhala fungo losasangalatsa.

Njira yotentha

Mu nyengo yamasika-chilimwe, stapelia imakonda nyengo zotentha, kutentha kwa mpweya kuyambira +23 mpaka + 28 ° C. Mutha kusunga chomera m'nyumba kapena pakhonde, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale palibe zolemba. Pakati pa Novembala ndi Febere, kutentha kumachepera kwambiri, mpaka + 14- + 15 ° C.

Kutentha kochepa kumathandizira kukulitsa matenda.

Kuwaza

Kusamalira msewu kunyumba sikuphatikizapo kupopera mbewu mbewu ndi mpweya kuti chinyontho chinyontho. Ndibwino kuti mukumva ngati zachilengedwe. Kuwaza kungafunike kokha pazinthu zaukhondo kuti muchotse fumbi.

Kuwala

Kufunika kosunthika pakawuni kowala kumawonekeranso komwe adachokera. Ndikusowa kwa dzuwa, mphukira imatambasulidwa ndikuwonda, maluwa samachitika. Tikamayatsidwa ndi dzuwa nthawi yayitali, makamaka magalasi.

Zomwe mmera udzutsira dzuwa ndikubowanso kwa mphukira. Mutha kuwongolera zinthu pang'onopang'ono posenda kapena kusunthira poto kutali ndi zenera lakumwera.

Kuthirira poyenda

Homemade stapelia ndi chomera chololera bwino chilala. Kuyanika kwina kwa nthaka kumalekerera bwino kuposa chinyezi chambiri komanso kusungunuka kwamadzi. Kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthilira mwachindunji kumatengera nyengo yomwe ikula:

• kuyambira March mpaka Seputembala - m'masiku 7-10;
• kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Novembala - mu masiku 20-30;
• kuyambira Disembala mpaka Januwale - simungathe kuthirira ngati mbewuyo ili ndi nyengo yozizira.

Ngati mbewuyo ikhala m'chipinda chofunda nthawi yozizira, njira za masamba sizimaleka ndikuthilira ziyenera kupitilizidwa kuti mbewuyo isazime. Kwa nthawi zonse, njira yothirira ndi chimodzimodzi: zochuluka, koma kawirikawiri, madzi ofunda, otha kukhazikika.

Mphika

Mizu ya zokometsera sikunapangidwe bwino ndipo imakhala ndi malo, kotero kuthekera kwa kubzala sikusankhidwa mozama kwambiri, koma kwakukulu. Kukula kwa poto kuyenerana ndi kukula kwa mbewuyo, popanda katundu wambiri. Chofunika ndicho kupezeka kwa dzenje lakutsamo. Osachepera 1/4 ya voliyumu imasunthidwa pansi pazenera.

Pakalibe mabowo otaya, ngalande zamadzimadzi zimakulitsidwa mpaka 1/3. Zinthu zabwino kwambiri za ziwiya - zosasankhidwa, zadongo zadongo, yomwe imapereka kudzera mu pores yowonjezera kusinthana kwa mpweya komanso kupewa kwa njira zoperewera.

Dothi

Mwachilengedwe, mbewuyo imamera pamchenga wopanda chonde komanso wocheperapo pang'ono. Stapelia kunyumba sikofunikanso chonde, amasankha madzi osakanikirana ndi madzi komanso osapumira.

Dothi lokonzeka kuphatikiza ndi yoyenera bwino. Kuti mutsegule, gwiritsani ntchito mchenga waukulu wamtsinje, womwe umawonjezeredwa ndi osakaniza womalizidwa kapena wosakanikirana ndendende ndi dothi la turf. Kuphatikiza kwa makala kumalepheretsa kukula kwa njira zoperewera. Nutrient humus siwonjezeredwa ku chisakanizo.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Achibwana safuna kuvala pafupipafupi, popeza sakakamira pazakudya za mchere chifukwa cha chilengedwe. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika kokha kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira komanso pafupipafupi kwa masabata osachepera atatu. Gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yambiri ya michere mu Mlingo wopangidwa ndi wopanga. M'dzinja - nthawi yachisanu, kuvala pamwamba sikumachitika.

Yang'anani! Nutrient dothi lawo lokonzekera asanadzalidwe limatetezedwa ndi kutentha mu uvuni kapena yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.

Thirani kufalikira

Ma safculents samasamba nthawi zambiri, pomwe mizu yawo imakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo osati nthaka yopanda thanzi ndi malo abwinobwino. Tchire tating'onoting'ono timalowetsedwa ngati timafunikira kamodzi pachaka, makamaka masika.

Tchire zakale zimafunikanso kubwezeretsa zaka 2-4 zilizonse, ndipo pachaka amakonzanso pansi lapansi. Kuika mu stapelia mu chidebe chokulirapo kumachitika mwa kupatsirana popanda kuwononga chikho. Mofananamo, chitsamba chimakonzedwanso ndikuchotsa mphukira zakale.

Yang'anani! Zomera zobwezeretsazi zimathiriridwa pakatha masiku ochepa.

Kudulira

Palibe chifukwa chochita kudulira komwe mwakonzekera. Nthawi ndi nthawi, chitsamba chimayesedwa ndikutsukidwa zowonongeka, ndi zizindikiro za matenda ndi mphukira zouma. Zomera zimakula msanga, koma mphukira zachikale zimatha kukongoletsa ndipo zimakokedwa pakati pa chitsamba pozula kapena kukonzanso dothi.

Nthawi yopumula

Kuti tithandizire kuyambika kubzala maluwa ndi maluwa, ndikofunikira kupanga mwakukonzekera kusintha kwa nyengo. Chomera chimayikidwa m'chipinda chozizira, chochepetsedwa, kenako ndikuthirira. Nthawi yozizira yozizira imatha kuyambira Novembala mpaka February.

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutalika kwa masana, kutentha kumawonjezera ndipo kuthirira kumayambitsa. Kuchita bwino ndi kupsinjika - chiyambi cha maluwa. Ngati palibe njira yochepetsera kutentha kwa chipinda kukhala kutentha kwa +12 -15 ° C, ndiye kuti maluwa atha kudikirira.

Kukula kwa stapelia kuchokera ku mbewu

Mbewu zimacha mkati mwa miyezi 12. Zofesedwa pamchenga wopepuka wopanda kuzama, zimamera pambuyo masabata 3-4. Mbewu zofesedwa mu Epulo. Kuti tisunge chinyontho, chidebe chofesedwa ndi mbewu chimakutidwa ndi filimu yowonekera.

Kumera m'malo otentha, abwino. Mbande imalowa mumadzi osaya ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 6, komwe imalima kwa chaka chimodzi. Popitilira, kukula kwa mphikawo kumakulitsidwa mpaka 9 cm.

Kufalikira kwa Stapelia ndi odulidwa

Kuti muzike mizu ndi mpeni wakuthwa, wosatetezedwa, ma petioles amakonzedwa kuchokera kuzimiririka. Ntchito zimachitika kuyambira Meyi mpaka Julayi. Magawo amathandizidwa ndi adamulowetsa kapena makala ndi kuwuma kwa maola angapo panja. Zidutswa zitha kupatsanulidwa pa kufalikira kwa chitsamba.

Monga gawo loyambira mizu, mchenga wonyowa umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zodulidwa zokhazikitsidwa m'kupita kwanthawi zimadutsamo. Mchenga wosakanizika ndi pepala ndi ma turf nthaka, mulingo wofanana, ndi woyenera. Popewa kukula kwa njira zowola, makala amawonjezeredwa ndi osakaniza.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Stapelia ndi chomera chopanda matenda ndipo mavuto ake nthawi zambiri amakhudzana ndikuphwanya malamulo omangidwa:

• Mapesi a pang'onopang'ono adakhala ofewa, owopsa. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha kukhala zowola muzu, zomwe zimayamba ndi chinyezi chambiri chinyezi.
• Stapelia sikumera ndi zolakwitsa zingapo zomwe zimapangidwa posamalira: kusowa kwa dzuwa, kutentha ndi kutentha kwa chinyezi panthawi yachisanu, kuphatikiza nayitrogeni, nthaka yonde komanso nthaka yayikulu.
• Mphukira zimacheperachepera pamtambo wotsika.
• Malo amtundu wa brown amawoneka pamabowo chifukwa cha kutentha kwadzuwa.
• Chometedwa chimayambira chomera ndi kuyanika kwamphamvu kwa mizu.

Stapelia imawonongeka kawirikawiri ndi mealybug, nthawi zambiri - nsabwe za m'masamba ndi akangaude.

Mitundu yanyumba yakanyumba yomwe ili ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Mwa mitundu yonseyi, mitundu yopitilira 6 yopitilira muyeso yomwe imalimidwa

Giant, S. gigantea

Yaikulu kwambiri maulendeli, yomwe imalimidwa kunyumba. Fungo lake lotulutsa silisangalatsa, koma limadziletsa poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina. Wamphamvu, wowongoka mphukira yamtundu wa tetrahedrons wokhala ndi phokoso lothina ndi mano ang'ono, wopingasa kufika 3 cm. Kutalika kwa mapindikowo kumayambira 20 mpaka 35 cm, kukula kwa maluwa otambalala m'mimba mwake ndi 35 cm. Maluwa ali ndi ma penti achikasu asanu amtundu wachikaso, wokhala ndi nthenga. Viliwo ndi zoyera m'mphepete.

Golden Magenta, S. flavopurpurea

Zimayambira ndizobiriwira zakuda, zotuwa ndi denticles, zazifupi (mpaka 10 cm). Mitundu yamafuta obiriwira kapena kuwala kobiriwira kumawunjikana mozungulira korona wamtundu wa pinki kapena wagolide. Duwa limafanana ndi nsomba yam'madzi yokhala ndi ma tentvo ovoid kapena opindika atatu, ndipo amaweruka m'mphepete mwa miyala. Maluwa (pafupifupi masentimita 4) amatulutsa pamwamba pa tsinde, amodzi nthawi imodzi kapena kuchokera ku inflorescence a zidutswa 2-3. Fungo ndilamphamvu, osati lamphamvu kwambiri.

Maluwa akulu, S. grandiflora

Green tetrahedral imayambira nthambi kuchokera pansi kukhala chitsamba chachikulu. Maluwa akulu (pafupifupi 25 cm) amatuluka pansi pa tsinde. Utoto wa pamakhala utoto wofiirira kapena burgundy, wokutidwa ndi silvery villi, wokutidwa kumapeto kwa mawonekedwe a cilia.

Ferruginous, S. glanduliflora

Chotupa chokhala ndi nthiti, chopindika chimatulutsa 3cm ndi kutalika mpaka 15cm. Nthawi yomweyo, maluwa awiri 2-3 amatuluka m'munsi mwa tsinde. Pa miyala yobiriwira yachikasu, yokhotakhota yopindika, madontho ndi mikwingwirye ya pinki amapezeka. Amasonkhanitsidwa mozungulira korona wosiyanasiyana. Pamwamba pali yokutidwa ndi ubweya wopanda khungu, komanso m'mphepete ndi villi yoyera.

Wosakhazikika, S. mutabilis

Kukula kwa sing'anga wamkulu (masentimita 15-17). Pamiyala itatu yokhala ndi cilia yaying'ono m'mphepete. Mkati mwake muli nduwira yayikulu yozungulira, yozungulira kuchokera kunja komanso yoyang'ana nyenyezi mkati. Mawonekedwe ake amchere amtunduwu amaphimbidwa ndi ndondomeko ya burgundy.

Hairy, S. hirsuta

Mapangidwe ake a maluwa ndi ofanana ndi msewu wotembenuka, koma mawonekedwe am'madzawo ndi akuda, mawonekedwewo ndi opepuka. Long burgundy villi amaphimba m'mphepete mwa petal ndi pakati pa duwa.