Chimodzi mwazinthu zokhala moyo wamtawuni wabwino kwambiri ndi kupezeka kwamadzi kanyumba kanyumba. Popeza kupezeka kwamadzi mdziko muno ndikomwe kumachitika kawirikawiri, mwini wake pamalowo ayenera kusankha pankhani yokhazikitsa dongosolo lodzipangira lamadzi payekha. Kuthirira nyumba yapadera kuchitsime ndi njira imodzi yabwino kwambiri yoperekera chitonthozo cha tsiku ndi tsiku.
Mitundu ya zitsime: Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa magwero
Mchenga komanso magwero amisiri amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamadzi kuchokera pachitsime. Kugwiritsa ntchito chitsime, ndikosavuta kuthana ndi vuto la kapezedwe ka madzi mnyumba yanyengo, pomwe madzi ambiri samapitilira 1.5 metres metres. Kuchuluka kwake ndikokwanira nyumba yaying'ono.
Ubwino wambiri wa chitsime ndi kuthamanga, ntchito yomanga yotsika komanso kuthekera kokukonzekera popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba zazikulu
Koma ku nyumba yanyumba, komwe amakhala chaka chonse, chitsime samakhala kutali ndi chisankho chabwino. Kuzama kwa madzi am'madzi pa nthawi yopanga zitsime zotere sikupitirira 50 metres, zomwe sizotsimikizira kuti madzi ndi oyera. Ngakhale madzi mu mchenga ndi oyera kuposa chitsime, amatha kukhala ndi zosafunika zamtundu uliwonse komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndi kuyandikira kwa mchenga wamchenga pamadzi. Kubereka bwino kumakhala kochepa (avareji pafupifupi 500 l), ndipo moyo wa ntchito ndi waufupi - pafupifupi zaka 10.
Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi chitsime cha artesi, chomwe chili ndi mamita 100 ndi kupitilira. Ubwino waukulu wa chitsime chotere ndi kupezeka kwamadzi okwera kwambiri. Chitsime chotere chimatha kupanga mpaka 10 cubic metres / ola. Izi ndizokwanira kupereka madzi pachimake chachikulu ndi nyumba. Ndipo moyo wamtundu wotere, ngakhale wogwiritsa ntchito, ukhoza kupitirira theka la zaka.
Madzi opezeka mozama kwambiri amasefa ndi kuyeretsedwa mwachilengedwe. Chifukwa cha izi, ilibe zosafunikira komanso mabakiteriya okhala ndi zovulaza m'thupi la munthu
Ngati chitsime chingathe kukubowoleka ndikukonzekera manja anu, ndiye kuti mukupangira chitsime chazida, ndikofunikira kukopa akatswiri. Ngakhale mtengo wokumba chitsime chaukadaulo ndi wokwera kwambiri, simuyenera kusunga pa izi. Gawo ili la ntchito liyenera kuperekedwa kwa akatswiri oyendetsa ndege omwe, malinga ndi mapangidwe a miyala yomwe ili pansi pamalopo, amawona nsanja ndikuwadziwitsa bwino bwino malinga ndi malamulo onse aukadaulo oyendetsa. Chifukwa cha luso la akatswiri kuti mumalize bwino, mudzadzipulumutsa ku mavuto angapo amachitidwe panthawi yogwira ntchito.
Zida pokonza njira yoperekera madzi
Ukadaulo wakonzekeretsa kupezeka kwamadzi kuchokera pachitsime ndi manja anu zimatengera kuya kwa magwero ndi mawonekedwe ake.
Pulogalamu yodziyimira yokha yamadzi imatha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito akatswiri, kapena mutha kutenga mtundu woyenera wopangidwa kuchokera pa netiweki
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira pakukonzedwa kwa kayendetsedwe ka madzi pamalopo ndi pampope, yomwe idzaonetsetsa kuti kukweza madzi osagwedezeka m'nyumba ndikuchokera pachitsime. Kukhazikitsa chitsime chodziyimira panokha, ndikokwanira kukhazikitsa chipinda chokhala ndi mulifupi wa 3 kapena 4 ", chokhala ndi chitetezo chowonjezera popewa" kuwuma kowuma. "Izi zitha kuteteza kusefukira ndi kusweka kwa pampu ngati gwero lifikira madzi osachepera.
Tekinoloje yoperekera madzi kuchokera pachitsime imaperekanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa thanki ya pulasitiki kapena chitsulo - caisson, yomwe imayikidwa kuti ikhale ndi mwayi wofikira kwa iyo, koma nthawi yomweyo kuteteza ingress ya dothi kapena madzi kuchokera kunja. Ndikofunikira kulumikiza pampu pachitsime ndikuwongolera kupitiliza.
Mukakonza njira yoperekera madzi kuchokera pachitsime kupita ku nyumba, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndimapaipi okhala ndi mulifupi mwake 25-25 mm opangidwa ndi chitsulo-pulasitiki - chinthu cha polymeric chomwe chimapinda mosavuta komanso chogwirizana kwambiri ndi kutu.
Mapaipi amadzi amayikidwa kuchokera ku gwero kupita kunyumba, ndikuzama pansi pamtunda (osachepera 30-50 cm)
Makonzedwe operekera madzi ndiosatheka popanda njira yopanda chimbudzi, yomwe imapereka mwayi woika thanki yosoka yokhala ndi zipinda zolandirira ndi njira yoyeserera madzi osasamala. Tekinoloje yakukonzekera dongosolo la zonyansa zam'madzi zimafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane munkhani ina.
Zosankha zamagetsi opezeka akumwa kuchokera pachitsime
Njira # 1 - yokhala ndi malo opopera zida zamagetsi
Kukhala ndi chitsime chosaya pamalopo, ngati kuchuluka kwa madzi komwe kumalowera kumalola, malo opopera kapena pampu yamanja ayikidwa. Chomwe chimagwirira ntchito ndi choti pompopompo madzi amatha kupopera, amathira madzi mu thanki yama hydropneumatic, komwe mphamvu zake zimatha kukhala 100 mpaka 500 malita.
Pogwira ntchito ndi mchenga wosaya, njira yabwino ndikukhazikitsa njira yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe ithandiza kuti madzi asasokonezeke m'nyumba
Tanki yosungiramo madzi imasiyanitsidwa ndi nembanemba ndi mphira, chifukwa chomwe kuthamanga kwamadzi mu thankiyo kumayendetsedwa. Tanki ikadzaza, pampu imazimitsidwa, ngati madzi atha, chizindikiro chimalandiridwa kuti chitsegule ndikupopera madzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pampu imatha kugwira ntchito zonse mwachindunji, kuperekera madzi kumakina, ndikumachepetsa kuthinikizidwa mu dongosololi mpaka kufika pamlingo wina kuti kubwezeretsanso "madzi" mu tankro la hydro-pneumatic. Zolandirira zokha (thanki yama hydraulic) zimayikidwa m'malo aliwonse abwino kunyumba, nthawi zambiri mu chipinda chothandizira.
Kuchokera pachipinda chofikira komwe bomba limalowetsa mnyumbamo, ngalawo imayikidwa, pansi pomwe papa wamadzi ndi chingwe chamagetsi chimayikidwa kuti ipangitse pampu. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndibwino kugula chingwe chamagetsi, chomwe, kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji, chidzateteza chitoliro chamadzi kuti chisazizire.
Njira # 2 - ndi kukhazikitsa pampu yakuya kwambiri
Ndi njira iyi yoperekera madzi, pampu yakuya imapopera madzi kuchokera pachitsime kupita mu thanki yosungirako, yomwe imayikidwa pamalo okwera m'nyumba.
Nthawi zambiri, malo omwe amakonzera thanki yosungiramo malo amagawika mu malo amodzi a chipinda chachiwiri cha nyumbayo, kapena chapamwamba. Poika chidebe m'chipinda chapamwamba, kuteteza kuti madzi asazizire m'miyezi yozizira, makoma a thankiyo akuyenera kukhomedwa
Poika thankiyo pamwamba pa phirili, mphamvu ya nsanja yamadzi imapangidwa, momwe, chifukwa cha kusiyana kukwera, kupanikizika kumadza pakati pa thanki ya hydraulic ndi malo olumikizana pomwe 1 mita ya gawo la madzi ndi 0.1 m'mlengalenga. Tangiyo ikhoza kukhala yopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena pulasitiki wa chakudya chamagulu. Kuchuluka kwa thanki kumachokera 500 mpaka 1500 malita. Kukula kwakukulu kwa thankiyo, kumakhala kopambana kwamadzi: ikadzapezeka magetsi, amayenda ndi mphamvu kupita ku mpopi.
Kukhazikitsa kosinthika kwa malire kumathandizira kusintha kwa pompo pomwe kuchuluka kwa madzi mu thanki kumatsika.
Pampu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomwe mtunda wofikira madzi pachitsime umaposa mita 9 kapena kupitilira
Mukamasankha pampu, kuphatikiza bwino kuyenera kuganiziridwanso. Ngakhale kuti mphamvu ya gululi ingokhudza kuchuluka kwa thanki yosungiramo madzi, posankha mayunitsi ndibwino kuyambiranso kuchokera pomwe pamapezeka madzi ambiri mnyumba.
Pampu yotsikira pamodzi ndi chingwe chamagetsi ndi chitoliro chimatsitsidwa mchitsime, ndikuchiyika pachiyeso cholumikizidwa ndi winch, chomwe chimayikidwa mkati mwa khomo. Kuti tisunge zofunikira mu dongosololi ndikutchingira kupopera kwa madzi kulowa mchitsime, malo okuta amayikidwa pamwamba pa pampu.
Pambuyo kukhazikitsa zinthu zonse za dongosololi, zimangotsalira kungoyang'ana mawaya amkati pazinthu zolumikizira ndikulumikiza zida ndi gulu lowongolera.
Mtengo wokwanira wamadzi wokha wokha ndi pafupifupi 3000-5000 madola. Zimatengera kuzama kwa gwero, mtundu wa pampu ndi kuchuluka kwa malo okhala mkati mwa nyumbayo. Kuchokera pa 30% mpaka 50% ya ndalamazi zimapita kukakonzedwe kakanjini, ndalama zotsalazo - pazinthu zomwe zimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa moyo wabwino.
Zinthu zothandizira pa kanema pamutuwu
Pampu bwino ndi kuyikira kwake ngati chitsime m'nyumba:
Misonkhano yamapampu opopera madzi:
