Ma galoni amatchedwa zida zopota kuchokera ku waya wachitsulo, zomwe zimadzazidwa mwachindunji pachinthucho ndi miyala kapena zinyalala. Zaka zambiri zapitazo, zomangamanga izi zidagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndi asitikali pomanga zinga (zovuta zamtsogolo). Tsopano, mothandizidwa ndi ma bonions, amapanga mabanki a matupi amadzi, amakonzanso khoma, ndikulimbitsa malo otsetsereka. Kuphatikiza apo, mabokosi apadera azithunzi zojambulidwa pafupipafupi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zokongoletsa popanga mawonekedwe. Monga lamulo, magwiridwe antchito nokha samapangidwa, kupeza maukonde a fakitale a muyeso woyenera mulingo woyenera. Zoperekera ma mesh zopulumutsidwa zimawongoleredwa pamalo omwe adayikiramo ndikudzaza ndi zomwe zidasankhidwa zambiri. Opanga abwera kale ndi malingaliro ambiri okongoletsa minda yamnyumba ndi nyumba za gabion. Ena mwaiwo amatha kukhazikitsidwa bwino pamtunda wawo potengera zolengedwa zomwe adaziwona pachithunzipa. Ndizovuta kwambiri kukhazikitsa polojekiti yanu, popeza mwaphunzira malingaliro opanga akatswiri a mapangidwe a mawonekedwe.
Kodi ma galoni amapangidwa ndi chiyani?
Opanga a Gabion amagwiritsa ntchito waya ngati galasi wokhala ndi zida zoyambira, zomwe mphamvu yake ndi 250-280 g / m2. Mtengo uwu ndiwokwera kasanu kuposa kuchulukitsa kwa maukonde a "maukonde" omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipanda yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. M'malo mongowongolera, kuyika ma PVC ndikuyika pa waya. Makulidwe a waya wokutira amachokera 2-6 mm. Zosungirako za Mesh ziyenera kukhala ndi nyonga yapadera, zopezeka pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapawiri wa waya. Ma cell mesh ali ngati mawonekedwe a polygon wamba. Wojambulayo amasankhidwa poganizira kukula kwa ma mesh mesh. Maboti akulu akulu amakhalanso ndi zigawo zamagawo zomwe zimalepheretsa kutuluka kwa khoma lawo la ma mesa panthawi yodula filimuyo.
Mabokosi olekanitsidwa amakhala okhazikika mumapangidwe amodzi ogwiritsira ntchito monolithic pogwiritsa ntchito waya. Nthawi yomweyo, sikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo ya waya kupatula yomwe mabonchi amapangira. Zofanizira zotsika mtengo zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa kapangidwe kake ndikuwonongeka kwake isanakwane.
Gilion imakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi timiyala tating'ono tokhala ndi miyala kapena miyala yayikulu, kukula kwake komwe kumapitilira kukula kwa maselo
Nayi katundu wa ma gabions omwe amakopa omanga ndi opanga:
- Makoma achitsulo chosinthika amalola kuti gabion itenge dothi lililonse. Osawopa zomanga za gabion komanso kayendedwe ka nthaka munthawi yake. Chifukwa chosinthasintha, kapangidwe kake kamatha kuchepera pang'ono nthawi imodzi, koma osagwa.
- Chifukwa cha kujambula kwa mwala, Gilion imakhala ndi madzi abwino kwambiri, kotero mawonekedwe ake samakhala ndi hydrostatic katundu. Mukamayala, nthawi ndi zinthu zimapulumutsidwa, popeza njira yonyamulira madzi osafunikira siifunikira.
- Kukhazikika ndi kulimba kwa zida za gabion zimangokulira ndi nthawi, chifukwa mbewu zimamera m'nthaka zomwe zimasonkhana pakati pa miyala. Mizu yawo, yopingasa, imalimbikitsanso dongosolo lonse.
- Mukakhazikitsa ma gabions, zida zamphamvu zomangira sizofunikira (kupatula ntchito zazikulu kuti zilimbikitse gombe ndi malo otsetsereka), chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kusamalira chilengedwe, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kulowererapo kwa anthu m'chilengedwe.
- Zipangizo za Gabion ndizokhazikika ndipo zimatha kuyimirira kwa zaka popanda kuwonongeka. Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mtundu wa galvanizing waya, komanso zomwe zili pamwambapa za mwala wojambula.
- Zomangidwa bwino kuchokera ku gabions sizifuna kukonzanso ndikukonza nthawi yogwirira ntchito.
- Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma galions, ndizotheka kupulumutsa ndalama (poyerekeza ndi kupanga nyumba zopangira konkriti) komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Zithunzi zokhala ndi zosankha pakugwiritsa ntchito ma gabions zitha kuwonekera pazinthuzi: //diz-cafe.com/photo/obustrojstvo/gabiony.html
Mitundu yayikulu ya ma gabions ndi njira zomwe angagwiritse ntchito
Mu mawonekedwe a geometrical, ma gabions amagawidwa m'mitundu itatu:
- chojambula-nkhonya;
- lathyathyathya (matiresi);
- cylindrical.
Zida zonse za gabion zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu molingana ndi mawonekedwe a chimango: cylindrical, flat and box-scroll, omwe amatha kuwotcherera kapena mauna
Kukula kwa zida zamabokosi kumatha kusiyanasiyana motere: kutalika - kuchokera 2 mpaka 6 m, m'lifupi - kuchokera mita imodzi mpaka awiri, ndi kutalika - kuchokera hafu ya mita mpaka mita imodzi. Zida zazikuluzikulu zimathandizira kugawa makoma, omwe amatchedwa diaphragms. Mabokosi amapangidwa m'njira ziwiri: welded ndi mesh. Njira yoyamba ikuphatikiza zingwe za waya, zomwe zimayaliranani wina ndi mzake, polumikizana. Poterepa, ma cell a bokosilo amakhala amakanthana mu mawonekedwe. Kulumikiza makoma pogwiritsa ntchito waya wapadera. Njira yachiwiri (mesh) imakhazikitsidwa ndi kuphatikiza mauna opangidwa ndi waya wamiyeso torsion kawiri pazowuma. Poterepa, ma mesh mesh ndi hexagonal.
Zofunika! Mabokosi a nkhonya ndi oyenera kukhazikitsa mipanda yamabedi amaluwa ndi masamba. Zotengera zophatikiza zimathanso kukhala gawo la mpanda. Zipilala zimaphatikizidwa bwino ndi zigawo zamatanda. Amagwiritsanso ntchito mabokosi akakhazikitsa mipando yakunja m'malo opumira.
Ma galat (mattress-mattress), kutalika kwake osapitilira 30 cm, ali ndi kuthekanso kubwereza zolowera zonse komanso zosemphana ndi nkhope. Kapangidwe kamtunduwu kamamangidwa m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, malo otsetsereka, ndikuyika pansi pamadziwe osaya. Pankhaniyi, miyala ya miyala nthawi zambiri imakhala ngati yosefera. Ngati ndi kotheka, maziko olimba amapangidwa ndi mabotolo amiyala, pomwe mabokosi amaikidwapo. Maziko apansi pamadzi ndi mbali za makhoma osungidwa amamangidwa kuchokera ku ma cylindrical gabions omwe amatha kuwunjika mbali zonse.
Kodi galion filter uti wakwanira?
Sankhani mwala wamisala, kutengera malo (pamtunda kapena pansi pa madzi) omwe adakhazikitsidwa. Miyala yonse yachilengedwe komanso yokumbira koyipa imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zimaganizira mawonekedwe, kukula, kapangidwe. Odziwika kwambiri ndi miyala yolimba yomwe imachokera kuphulika kwa mapiri: basalt, quartzite, granite, diorite. Nthawi zambiri ma Gilion amadzazidwa ndi miyala yamchenga, komanso miyala ina yamiyala, yodziwika ndi kukana kwambiri chisanu ndi mphamvu. Ma galoni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa amatha kudzazidwa ndi zinthu zina: matabwa a matabwa, zidutswa za chitoliro, galasi, matailosi osweka, njerwa, zopindika, konkriti wosweka, ndi zina zambiri.
Mtundu, mawonekedwe, kukula kwake, ndi utoto wa mwala womwe anagwiritsa ntchito zimakhudza mawonekedwe okongoletsa a mawonekedwe a gabion
Mukakonza ma galoni apamwamba pamtunda, ndikofunikira kuti mudzaze mwala, womwe kukula kwake ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu kuposa kutalika kwa mesh yopindika. Madzi apansi pamadzi ali ndi mwala wokulirapo, theka la kukula kwa ma mesh container.
Kuti zida za gabion zigwirizane ndi mawonekedwe am'deralo, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mwala wachilengedwe womangidwa pamakona am'deralo kuti mudzaze. Zipilala zimayikidwa m'miyala yozungulira, miyala yoyala, ndi miyala yayikulu. Mulimonsemo, kapangidwe kake kamawoneka kokongola mwanjira yake.
Zofunika! Kuti muwonetsetse malo omwe ali pamalowo ndikugogomezera kapangidwe kake ka makhoma awo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika phula pafupi ndi iwo kapena kuthyola udzu. Poyerekeza ndi malo okhala lathyathyathya, zitsulo zodzazidwa ndi miyala zimawoneka zofunikira kwambiri.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma gabions: zonse za zida ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito
Zida zotsatirazi zifunikira kuti mupange gulu la gabion:
- mauna achitsulo;
- mizere yapadera yazitsulo;
- zingwe zama waya;
- zikhomo zachitsulo;
- geotextile;
- brake;
- filler (miyala, mchenga, dothi, zinyalala zomanga ndi zina zomanga zambiri).
Musanayambe ntchito yoyika, yang'anani kupezeka kwa zonse zofunikira pamndandanda. Kusowa kwa chilichonse kungalepheretse kukhazikitsa kwa gabion. Kuphatikiza ma paneli a gabion pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zamtundu kapena zokutira pazitsulo, pomwe limodzi mwa makhoma limakhala ngati chivindikiro, choncho liyenera kutsegulidwa. Pambuyo podzaza, imaphatikizidwanso ndi spiral ku gulu loyandikana. Mothandizidwa ndi zikhomo ndi malekezero a bokosilo, zimakhazikika pansi.
Kudzaza mauna achitsulo ndi miyala kumachitika m'magawo awiri. Mwala umayikidwa mu chidebe cha ma mesh mumiyala mpaka theka kutalika kwake. Kenako, makoma ena oyang'anizana a gabion amakokedwa palimodzi ndi maukonde kuti alepheretse kutsogolo kwa kumbuyo ndi mapanelo akutsogolo. Brings amatchedwa zingwe zama waya wapadera. Chiwerengero chawo chimatengera kutalika kwa gabion. Ma brace kapena omata amamasulidwa ma mesh anayi aliwonse kapena asanu. Pambuyo pake pitani gawo lachiwiri, lomwe limaphatikizanso kudzaza chidebe ndi mwala kapena miyala.
Miyala yayikulu-yayikulu imayala pansi komanso pansi pa khoma la gabion. Pakati pazotengera zitha kudzazidwa ndi miyala ing'onoing'ono kapena zinyalala zomangamanga. Kuti musunge m'mbuyo sikugwa pakati pa miyala yayikulu, gwiritsani ntchito geofabric. Anaika mpata pakati pa miyala, nadzaza ndi zinthu zomwe zikupezeka. Kenako kumbuyo kumatsekedwa kumtunda ndi malekezero a geotissue, omwe amapanikizidwa ndi wosanjikiza miyala yayikulu. Mukadzaza, chivundikiro cha chotetezeracho chotsekedwa chimatsekedwa ndikumangika ndi waya wamanzere.
Ma geotextiles amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta m'malo ambiri aanthu: mu kayendetsedwe ka malo, pantchito yomanga, kapangidwe ka malo. Werengani za izi: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/primenenie-geotekstilya.html
Magulu a Gabion pazithunzi: malingaliro a opanga
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma galions pakupanga kwapangidwe kumawonetsedwa ndi kufunika kopanga zinthu zabwino pamalowo. Chifukwa cha zopepuka izi komanso nthawi yomweyo zomanga zolimba, opanga amapanga malo okwera komanso malo okhala, omwe amakagwiritsira ntchito kugwetsa mabedi a maluwa okongola ndi maiwe owoneka okongoletsedwa ndi mathithi a madzi.
Ma bokosi mabokosi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando ya m'munda amagwirizana kwambiri ndi mtengo womwe pompo ndi ma benchi awiri amapangira
Njira ina yogwiritsira ntchito mawonekedwe a gabion ovuta popanga mipando yamaluwa yomwe ili patsamba latsambalo
Bokosi la cylindrical limakhala ngati mpanda wachilendo wa bedi lamaluwa. Poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimasanjidwa mwala, maluwa okongola a mithunzi yolemera amawoneka okongola kwambiri
Khoma lomwe limapangidwa ndi kaboni wopindika
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma galions pakupanga gombe la nkhokwe yosungirako yomwe ili pamalowo. Wood, mwala ndi zoyala njanji zimathandizana bwino kwambiri
Chiwembu chilichonse chitha kusandutsidwa dimba lokongola lomwe limabweretsa chisangalalo ndi mtendere. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugwira ntchito nokha kapena kuitanira opanga akatswiri omwe amadziwa kupanga ndi kukhazikitsa gabion, komanso momwe angadzazire.
