Cherry tsopano ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri m'munda wathunthu, wokongola komanso wathanzi. Mtengowu umayeneradi kuusamalidwa, popeza zipatso zake zimatipatsa zambiri: zipatso zokoma, maluwa opukutira mungu, masamba a tiyi onunkhira, mumakhala mavitamini ambiri, michere ndi ma amino acid mwa iwo ndi zipatso. Kuphatikiza apo, tsopano pali mitundu yambiri: pakumvekera kulikonse, mtundu ndi mawonekedwe. Amatcheri a Molodezhnaya ndi amodzi mwazofala kwambiri, amasakidwa mwamalemba ana m'malo osungirako ana, amakambidwa pamabwalo. Tiyeni tidziwe zamtundu wanji!
Kufotokozera zamitundu yamatcheri Achinyamata
Yamatcheri a Molodezhnaya osiyanasiyana ali m'ma mochedwa kukhwima. Zofunikira ndiz: chonde chokha (i.e., mitunduyi safuna mitundu yowonjezerapo mungu), kuuma kwa dzinja (makamaka kumalimbana ndi chisanu mu Central dera).
Cherry amayamba kubala zipatso patatha pafupifupi zaka 3-4 mutabzala mmera wazaka 1 zokha
Cherry yamtunduwu ndiyopezeka paliponse, osati mwachangu, koma imabala zipatso chaka chilichonse kuyambira zaka 3.
Kulembetsa achichepere kwalembedwera m'kaundula wa boma kuyambira 1993. Koma pazoyesa zosiyanasiyana, zalembedwa kale kuyambira 1978. Izi zikuwonetsa kusankha koyenera komanso kwapamwamba kwambiri pakusankha, ndipo mwamwayi, zotsatira zake zimatsimikiziridwa ndi akatswiri alimi.
Khalidwe la mtengo
All-Russian Institute of Horticulture and Nursery ndiyotchuka chifukwa cha ntchito yake, obereketsa ozolowera omwe adabereka zaka masauzande okongola. Popeza "makolo" a Molodezhnaya ndi ma cherubya a Lyubskaya ndi Vladimirskaya, anali ndi machitidwe abwino. Mitundu yambiri ya Vladimir Cherry yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali idampatsa mwana wawoyo mawonekedwe ake kuthengo, ndiko kuti, kutalika kochepa.
Kutalika pafupifupi kwa mtengowo kuli pafupifupi mamita awiri. Kutalika kwa moyo wamtengo umodzi wachinyamata wa zipatso ndi zaka 15. Kutalika kwake ndi 20, ngati mungathe kupereka mtengowo mosamala. Korona wa Crohn ndiwotukuka pakati, wozunguliridwa ndi nthambi zambiri. Kutalika kwa mtengowo ndikosavuta, popeza mukakolola simuyenera kupangana ndi masitepe ndikukwera mophukira.
Masamba a chitumbuwawa ndi obiriwira amtambo okhala ndi m'mphepete mozungulira komanso m'mitsempha yowoneka bwino, mbali yakumbuyo ndiyopepuka, petioles ndizakuwala, zofiirira kapena zobiriwira ndi burgundy hue.
Masamba a Cherry ali ndi katundu wochiritsa
Khalidwe la zipatso
Achinyamata ali ndi zipatso zazikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi 4-5 magalamu. Zipatso zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, kamwala kakang'ono kozungulira, kosiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi zamkati. Mtundu wa khungu umachokera ku kapezi wakuda mpaka maroon. The peduncle amatikumbutsa kwambiri chitumbuwa, chomwe chimakhala chofanana komanso chachitali.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera cha mitengo - mutha kupeza 10-12 kg ya mbewu yabwino. Apanso, zabwino kwambiri kuchokera kwa kholo zosiyanasiyana za Lyubskoy chitumbuwa.
Berubskaya chitumbuwa amadziwika ndi zipatso zazikuluzikulu ndi zipatso zotsekemera, ndizomwe adagawana ndi mwana wawo wamkazi mitundu - Molodezhnaya chitumbuwa
Chofunika kwambiri ndicho thupi la Achinyamata. Kununkhirako ndikosangalatsa kwambiri, kokoma komanso kokoma ndi wowawasa. Ndi yowutsa mudyo mkati mwake, timadziti, timphapeso, ma compotes timapangidwa bwino ndimatcheri. Nthawi yomweyo, aliyense - mabulosi ndiwofewa, otha kunyamulidwa bwino chifukwa cha zamkati. Kukongoletsa kwake sikungapeweke ngakhale: mtundu wa chipatso ndi wofiyira kapena burgundy, wokongola kwambiri. Kupanga misuzi, kusunga, kukongoletsa makeke ndi zakudya zina kuchokera ku chitumbuwa ndichinthu chosangalatsa komanso chopatsa thanzi.
Ma cherries aunyamata amayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe amakomedwe, wamaluwa ndi amayi apakhomo amamukonda chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola
Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri zamitundu mitundu ndi zipatso zake zabwino kwambiri. Ma inflorescence amatenga masamba ambiri (mpaka 7 maluwa), opukutidwa bwino chifukwa cha kukongola komanso pestle. Ngati nyengo yamasika imadziwika ndi nyengo yabwino (popanda chisanu mwadzidzidzi ndi zinthu zina) --yembekezerani kukolola kwakukulu!
Wamaluwa adakonda izi mosiyanasiyana pazifukwa zinanso zingapo: chifukwa chodzilamulira. Uwu ndiubwino wabwino kwambiri, makamaka m'malo ang'onoang'ono m'nyumba zanyengo yachilimwe. Zosiyanasiyana sizifunikira "thandizo" la anzawo a mitundu ina yamatcheri kuti apange zipatso. Chifukwa chake, mutha kupeza mbande za chinyamata chokhacho cha achinyamata, ngati mwasankha pamapeto pake ndipo zinali zoyenera kwa inu malinga ndi dera (Central dera).
Kuphatikiza kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana kumatha kutchedwa kuthana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus komanso kufunika kochitira mtengo ndi mankhwala kuti mupewe. Popeza chitumbuwa cha Achinyamata chili ndi korona wofalikira - nthambi zimayenera kukonzedwa nthawi zonse.
Tsatane-tsatane malangizo amafikira
Ndikofunikira kudziwa ndikupanga malo oti kubzala koyenera kwa achinyamata chitumbuwa cha achinyamata, apo ayi mutha kungotaya chomera kapena osadikirira zipatso zabwino.
- Sankhani tsiku lobzala: mutha kubzala mu Epulo kapena Okutobala. Ndipo pezani dera ladzuwa, makamaka pafupi ndi nthaka yam'madzi, ndikuti palibe zojambula. Kwenikweni, yamatcheri amaikidwa bwino m'malo opezeka kumwera kapena kumwera chakumadzulo.
Cherry amakonda malo a dzuwa ndi odekha, ndiye amabala zipatso bwino
- Kumbani dzenje la 0.5x0,5 m. Ngati mmera ndi wokulirapo, mutha kukumba lonse, mwachitsanzo 0.7 kuya ndi 0.9 mulifupi.
Dzenje lobzala liyenera kukonzedwa molingana ndi kukula kwa mmera, moyenera 0,5 mpaka 0.5 m
- Cherry sakonda dothi acidic, chifukwa chake yang'anani pansi pa PH. Ngati acidity ndi yokwera, onjezani ndowa 1 ya laimu-fluff pa 1 sq.m., phulusa lamatabwa, mchenga. Pakubzala, ndibwino kukhazikitsanso manyowa, kulowetsamo manyowa a nkhuku ndi feteleza wa nayitro-phosphorous.
Feteleza mulingo wa tebulo limodzi lokhazikitsa
- Musaiwale kuyika msomali pamtunda wa dothi lothira dzinthu, pomwe muthanso kutsatira mutha kumangirira mmera wopanda mphamvu.
Mmera umagwira msomali ndipo suulola kuti udulidwe kapena kuwerama
- Tchire laudzu limakonzedwa kuti nthambi zonse za chigoba zikhale zowongoka bwino, zigone pansi osagwa.
Limbikitsani mizu mu dzenje, chifukwa ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mbewu ipulumuke
- Zimangofunika kukumba m'mera ndi dothi lokhathamiritsa ndikuumangirira ku msomali woikidwa.
Nthaka yomwe ili pabowo imafunika kuponderezedwa pang'ono kapena kuponderezedwa kuti palibe mizu
- Kutsirira kumachitika mu kuchuluka kwa zidebe za 1-2 pachitsamba chimodzi. Ndikofunika mulching bwalo loyandikira-tsinde ndi peat kapena kuwola utuchi kuti chinyontho chisasanduke msanga.
Kupaka bwalo loyandikira ndichofunika, chifukwa kumathandizira kuyanika panthaka komanso namsongole wambiri
Kubzala komwe kamapangidwa, mmera uyenera kuyunthidwa nthawi yoyamba ndikuonetsetsa kuti atseka kuchokera ku chisanu chaka choyamba ndi chachiwiri cha moyo. Izi ndizosavuta kuchita ndi zofunda zakutchire. Pang'onopang'ono mangani chigawo chisanachitike kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira, ndipo ngati kuli chipale chofewa, onetsetsani kuti mwataya dzenje. Chipale chofewa chimathandiza kuteteza mizu kuti isazizidwe.
Chidziwitso chofunikira ndi mtunda pakati pa mbande, ngati mwakonza zochulukirapo. Mtunda wocheperako ndi 3 mita.
Mu mbande zazaka ziwiri zokha, mphukira zomwe zimamera pamlingo wa madigiri 90 kuchokera ku nthambi zimachotsedwa. Mphukira zotsalira zatsala. Ndikwabwino kubzala chomera pachaka, popeza ndibwino kuzika mizu m'malo atsopano.
Kubzala yamatcheri mwa malamulo onse - kanema
Achinyamata a Cherry, monga tafotokozera kale, safunika kubzalidwe pafupi ndi mtundu wina wa chitumbuwa, koma palokha ndi pollinator wabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri, ndikupanga kuyesa kwa dimba ndikusankha mitundu ingapo kudzera muulimi, wolima munda amabzala mitengo ina pafupi ndi Molodezhnaya. Ndizothandiza komanso zopindulitsa.
Achinyamata Osiyanasiyana - pollinator wabwino kwambiri wamitundu ina yamatcheri
Subtleties chisamaliro ndi mawonekedwe a kulima
Cherry iyenera kutetezedwa ku ma hares ndi mbewa zabwino, zomwe zimatha kuvulaza kwambiri mizu. Palibenso chifukwa choizizira nyama kapena misampha, mutha kungoteteza chomeracho ndi msomali wokhazikika kapena kuphimba dzenje kuti ndizosatheka kufika kumizu.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Chapakatikati, ndibwino kudyetsa ma cherries ndi feteleza amaminidwe. Mwa izi, pali zokonzekera zotsimikiziridwa monga Emerald, Biem ya zipatso kapena ina iliyonse yapadera pazovuta. Tizikumbukira kuti nthawi ya kasupe nthawi yakula, mitengo yazipatso imapereka gawo lalikulu lamphamvu zawo pakukula kwamaluwa, masamba ndi kukula kwa mphukira. Potaziyamu, nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous ndizofunikira kwambiri mu Epulo - Meyi. Musamale ndi ammonium nitrate, popeza zochuluka zake zimatha kuwotcha mizu.
Kuphatikiza kwa mchere ndikofunikira kupanga musanakhazikitse chipatso chamaluwa
Kachiwiri muyenera kudyetsa chitumbuwa pambuyo pakupanga zipatso. Superphosphate ndi potaziyamu chloride (supuni 4 zilizonse) zimasungunulidwa ndi madzi ofunda (malita 15) ndipo bwalo lamtengo limatsanuliridwa. Kovala pamwamba kwambiri m'dzinja kumathandiza kuti mtengowo ukhale bwino utapereka mphamvu zake zonse pakucha zipatso.
M'dzinja, ndibwino kuthirira chitumbuwa kamodzi kapena kawiri ndi kulowetsedwa kwa ndowa kapena mullein (organics yokhala ndi madzi muyezo wa 1).
Simungathe kuwonjezera manyowa atsopano, mutangowola kapena kulowetsamo madzi amadzimadzi
Kudulira
Utoto ukatha "kuzizira" kukazizira nyengo yozizira, kudulira kungachitike. Ndibwino kuti mukuchotsa mphukira zonse za chaka chathachi, mwachidziwikire, pafupifupi mphukira za 12-14 ziyenera kukhalabe patchire. Kapangidwe, onetsetsani kuti mwaphimba ndi mitundu yaminda.
Cherry wachinyamata amafunikira kudulira pachaka
Nthambi zonse zomwe zimamera mosakhalitsa, zimakuza chitumbuwa ndipo zimangokhala motalikirapo kuposa theka la mita kuchokera kumtengowo - ndikofunikira kudulira izi. Ndipo koposa zonse mu Marichi - Epulo.
Mukugwa, nthawi zambiri samapanga, koma amachiritsa, kudulira. Nthambi zonse zowuma zimachotsedwa. Madera owonongeka amathandizidwanso ndikuwunikanso. Mwina zimakhala ndi mphutsi kapena majeremusi, omwe amayenera kuwonongeka nthawi yomweyo. Popeza chisoti chachifumu cha Molodezhnaya ndichophuka, patatha zaka zisanu, nthambi zam'mwamba zimadulidwa ndi theka la mita. Pangani chitsamba m'njira yabwino kwa inu komanso popanga zipatso.
Chitsogozo chosavuta chodula chitumbuwa - kanema
Matenda, tizirombo ndi njira zoyendetsera
Ngakhale kukana kwa mtundu wa Molodezhnaya ku fungal matenda sikokwanira kwambiri, komabe chitumbuwa ichi ndichopindulitsa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ena. Coccomycosis siyimeretsa mtengo wanu pakachilombo kothanirana ndi ma fungicides. Ganizirani matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa pamtunduwu.
Gome: Matenda amiyala ndi miyeso yolimbana nayo
| Matendawa | Zizindikiro zakuwonekera | Njira zoyendetsera | Kupewa |
| Cytosporosis | Mabala ndi ming'alu mu khungwa, amasiya kupindika ndikugwa |
| Chithandizo ndi Novosil; kutsuka kwa thunthu ndi nthambi zazikulu. |
| Mawonekedwe ofiira | Pa masamba a masamba, mawanga owoneka ofiira owoneka amatha, kenako masamba nkufa ndikugwa. Katundu wa kukana chisanu akuipiraipira. |
| Kumasulira bwalo wokhala pafupi ndi thunthu, kuchotsa ndikuwotcha masamba. |
| Moniliosis | Mawanga amtundu wopepuka-kumera pa kotekisi, mphukira ndi zipatso zimakhudzidwa |
| Chotsani masamba okugwa ndi zipatso. Onetsetsani kuti mwadula nthambi zodwala ndi zowuma. |
| Kuzindikira kwa ma Gum | Madzi owala ngati chikasu pamtengo, mtengo umawuma ndikufa | M'malo zowonongeka kapena mabala amafunikira kuthandizidwa ndi mkuwa wamkuwa, ndiye - munda var | Tetezani mtengowo pakuwonongeka kwa makina, tsukani thunthu ndi nthambi. |
Chithunzi cha zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matenda a chitumbuwa
- Mawonekedwe ofiira pamasamba si china koma matenda fungal.
- Moniliosis pa zipatso amawonekera ndi imvi fungal kukula, lawola chipatso
- Cherry moniliosis kapena monilial amadziwonetsa ngati masamba owuma ndi owuma omwe amagwa nthawi
- Kuzindikira kwa zipatso zamphesa kumatha kupangitsa kuti mtengo udwe
Gome: Tizirombo totsegulira m'minda ya zipatso ndi njira zowongolera
| Cherry aphid | Kupotoza masamba, kuoneka ngati malo ofiira kapena burgundy pa iwo ndi chifuwa chachikulu, pomwe tsamba silikufalikira, mutha kuzindikira tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tofiirira, oyera kapena akuda, komanso mphutsi zawo | Chithandizo cha mankhwala Fufanon mu mankhwala a 10 l lamadzi pa 10 ml ya mankhwalawa mu ampoules, pachitsamba mpaka 1.5 l yankho; Mankhwala Iskra (50 g pa malita 5), ndiabwino chifukwa ali ndi potaziyamu, ofunikira chomera chofooka; Fitoverm - pa 100 g pa 10 malita a madzi | Pamasamba, ndikofunikira kuchotsa zovuta zonse, chifukwa nyerere zimanyamula nsabwe za m'masamba. Ndikwabwinonso kugwiritsa ntchito malamba odulira pamtengo (kuchokera pamapepala okhala ndi timadzi tamatata), chifukwa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nyerere zimamera masamba kuchokera pansi pomwe pali thunthu. Fitoverm (kukonzekera) ndiyabwino ngati prophylaxis, ndiwachilengedwe ndipo sizimadzetsavulaza anthu komanso tizilombo tothandiza |
| Kuuluka kwa Cherry | Madontho ang'onoang'ono akuda pazipatso za chitumbuwa, zipatsozo zimavunda patapita nthawi | Chithandizo cha Actellik pa 20 g pa madzi 10 kapena Fitoverm (1 ampoule pa madzi 10) | Kuwaza Fitovermom kumayambiriro kasupe |
| Cherry wowoneka bwino | Mphutsi zakuda zimatha kuwoneka pamasamba, pambuyo pake pakawoneka wamkulu, yemwe amawononga masamba, akuwombera | Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi Confidorm (1-2 g pa 100 ml ya madzi), ndi mankhwala amphamvu, ogwiritsa ntchito malita 10 | Kukumba ndi kumasula dothi pafupi ndi thunthu la mitengo (kumachotsa mphutsi ya mapulogalamu), komanso kuwoneka ngati mphutsi, kupopera mbewu ndi tizirombo |
| Cherry mphukira | Kuwonongeka kwa masamba achichepere, mphukira sizikula | Zofanana ndi njira zowongolera za chitumbuwa | Kutentha masamba akale okugwa, kumasula bwalo |
Zithunzi zankhondo za Achinyamata Achinyamata
- Moti amadya masamba ndikuwononga mphukira zazing'ono
- Ntchentche pa chitumbuwa chimayala mphutsi zomwe zimawononga chipatsocho
- M'posadabwitsa kuti kachilomboka amatchedwa choncho, amadya masamba ndi mphukira
- Aphid ndi owopsa ngakhale ali ndi kakang'ono, amatha kuwononga mtengo
Owerenga wamaluwa za Cherry Youth
Kucha (kapena pafupi kucha)) unyamata wa chitumbuwa. Ndimakonda! Mabulosi okoma ndi wowawasa, okoma kwambiri (iwo omwe adatha kupsa mpaka kufiira): P) Ndili wokondwa kwambiri! Ndipo mwana wake anasangalala bwanji! ndizachisoni kuti chitumbuwa ndichilema theka lamamita. Ndipo kale mtundu woterewu waima!
Ekaterina Beltyukova//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1148
Malinga ndi zotsatira za zaka zitatu, sindinakonde unyamata. Adabzala izi mosiyanasiyana, chifukwa malongosoledwe a boma adatinso "mitundu yodalirika kwambiri yam'mizinda." Kuchita sikunatsimikizire izi - m'dera langa anali kudwala kuposa Vladimir. Coccomycosis yamaliza mmera umodzi (masamba adatsika m'chilimwe, sanapulumuke nthawi yozizira). Mmera wachiwiri ukukulirabe, popeza sizoyenera kuwuchotsa popanda kupanga zofananira zake ndi mabulosi ena onse - unawonongedwa. Tsopano dzuwa lamtsegukira, kuphatikiza pano sindinayesere zipatso (chimodzi kapena ziwiri sizimawerengera). Koma kukhazikika kumveka kwa ine, ndipo korona ndi wamba, wamaso akulu komanso wotsika.
Volkova Svetlana//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&p=385237&t=225
Nthawi yoyamba yomwe ndidakumana ndimatcheri onse, palibe kuluma. Kupatula apo, chitumbuwa cha Achinyamata ndichabwino kwambiri - chachikulu komanso chokoma, koma chimacha pang'ono ndi pang'ono kuti chinalibe nthawi ya mavu, ndipo ma cherries ena akubwera.
nyenyezi yakumpoto//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=1148&p=655608&hilit = % BD% D0% B0% D1% 8F # p655608
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kudziwa kuti ngakhale ali ndi chidwi komanso malingaliro, zonse za m'dziko lapansi zimadziwika kudzera pazomwe zidachitika. Chifukwa chake mtundu wamatcheri aubwana ungakhale wokondweretsa kwa wina, ndipo kwa wina m'munda osapereka zotsatira konse. Mulimonsemo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndipo iyenera kuyesedwa ndi akatswiri alimi odziwa bwino komanso odziwa ntchito yamalonda kudera lapakati.
