Strawberry Asia - Kukongola kwa ku Italy

Palibe chabwino kuposa mabulosi otsekemera onunkhira m'dera lanu. Koma popeza chikhalidwechi nthawi zambiri chimadwala (makamaka matenda oyamba ndi fungus), wamaluwa ambiri amapewa kuyanjana nawo. Pakalipano, pali mitundu yosagwirizana ndi bowa wa pathogenic - mwachitsanzo, sitiroberi Asia.

Mbiri yakula

Ma Asia osiyanasiyana adawoneka mumzinda wa Cesena (Italy) mu 2005. Patent yaku Europe 23759, wogwirizira patent - Zipatso Zatsopano. Zosiyanasiyana zimapangidwa kuti zilimidwe kumpoto kwa Italy. Zinakonzedwa kuti zibalike sitiroberi izi kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito mafakitale, komanso ndizoyenera kukonza minda yamaluwa.

Asia idawoneka zaka 10 zapitazo, ndipo mwachangu adapambana chikondi. Masamba amtunduwu amamera ku Russia konse, ndipo amatchuka kwambiri kumwera kwa dzikolo. Chochititsa chidwi ku Asia ndikuti chitha kubzala bwino komanso kuchita bwino potseguka komanso malo otsekeka, ndipo ngakhale popanda njira yopanda dothi, ndiye kuti, m'matumba.

Kufotokozera kwa kalasi

Mabasi aku Asia ndi akulu, otambalala, masamba apakati, okhala ndi mphukira zazitali. Masamba ndi akulu, onyezimira, oterera pang'ono, obiriwira owala. Mtengowu umapanga mitundu yambiri ya zovala ndi ma rosette achichepere, koma ambiri azovala.

Dongosolo lamizu ndi lamphamvu, lopangidwa bwino. Zipatso ndizofanana, zokutira, zokhala ngati ma cine, zimakhala ndi mtundu wofiira wowala ndipo ndizokulira. Pafupifupi, mabulosi aliwonse ku Asia amalemera 30-30 magalamu, koma mwapadera pali zitsanzo zina zolemera mpaka 90 g. Zimphona zotere nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osinthika pang'ono ndipo zimapezeka mu funde loyamba la zipatso. Peel ya zipatsozo ndi yonyezimira, yokhala ndi mbewu zachikasu zapakatikati komanso manda obiriwira obiriwira obiriwira. Pa nthawi yakucha, zipatso zimasunga nsonga yobiriwira, ikakhwima kwathunthu, imasuluka.

Mabasi aku Asia ndi amphamvu komanso opangidwa bwino, zipatso ndizofanana, zopindika

Mimbulu ndi yofiyira, yofewa yofewa, yowutsa mudyo komanso okoma, yopanda voids yamkati (malinga ndi kuthirira koyenera), imasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi tsinde. Kukoma kwa Strawberry kumatchulidwa. Kukoma sikopanda kutamandidwa - kuchokera pa mfundo za 4.6 mpaka 5 pamlingo wokoma. Zipatso zake ndizowoneka bwino, zosungika bwino komanso zoyenda mtunda wautali, chifukwa chake mitunduyo imakulidwa kuti igulitsidwe.

Zofunikira

Zosiyanasiyana Asia ndizofunikira kwambiri kwawo, ndi ku Russia, komanso ku gawo lakutali kwambiri (Ukraine, Belarus). Nthawi zambiri, ichi sitiroberi imamera kumadera akumwera - popeza mitunduyo siigonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, zimavuta kuti izitha kupirira nyengo yachisanu. Komabe, ngati mukukula Asia ku malo otsekedwa, ndiye kuti, m'malo obiriwira, mavuto amtunduwu samabuka.

Zosiyanasiyana zimalekerera bwino nyengo yotentha, koma ikakhwima panthaka iyenera kuphimbidwa kwa dzinja. Asia imalekerera chilala chosakhalitsa komanso kutentha mpaka -15 ° С. Nthawi yakucha ndiyapakatikati, zipatso zoyambirira zimapezeka mu June. Asia akuyamba kubereka zipatso patatha masiku 55 kuposa mitundu ya Alba ndi masiku 5-6 pambuyo pake. Zokolola wamba zimakhala pafupifupi 1-1,2 kg pa chitsamba chilichonse. Zipatso zimacha chimodzimodzi, zipatso zimakhala pafupifupi milungu itatu. Zipatso za Universal - zimatha kudyedwa mwatsopano, mazira, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mbale zosiyanasiyana ndikukonzekera nyengo yachisanu.

Zipatso za ku Asia ndizosangalatsa komanso zonunkhira bwino, zabwino kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano komanso kukolola

Zosiyanasiyana zimayikidwa m'malo ambiri monga mawanga ndi matenda amizu. Ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi fungal matenda, koma amasiyana mu chiwopsezo cha anthracnose, powdery mildew ndi chlorosis.

Kupanga wa sitiroberi mitundu Asia - kanema

Zowongolera

Gawo la Asia limapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale ndi zofunika kwambiri. Dothi loamy ndi louchepa losagwira ndale, komanso dothi lakuda lomwe lili ndi potaziyamu, limaonedwa kuti ndi labwino kwambiri pamtengowo. Pa dongo, mchenga, sod-podzolic, dothi losauka komanso ma peat bogs, sitiroberi zamtunduwu zimakula bwino.

Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu pamalo athyathyathya omwe ali ndi njira yochepera kum'mwera chakumadzulo. Asia sangabzalidwe m'mapiri ndi m'malo otsika - koyambirira, mizu ya chomera imavutika chifukwa chosowa chinyontho, ndipo chachiwiri chimatha kuwola kuchokera ku zochulukirapo.

Nthaka pamalopo iyenera kukonzedwa ndi kupumulidwa, popanda udzu (makamaka mizu ya tirigu). Ndikwabwino kubzala sitiroberi pambuyo pa chimanga ndi nyemba, adyo, radishes, mpiru, parsley, katsabola kapena tchire. Pewani kuwubzala mutakhala mitundu yonse ya banja Asteraceae (mpendadzuwa, Yerusalemu artichoke) ndi buttercups, ndipo musakule pamalo omwewo kwa zaka zoposa zinayi.

Ngati dothi lomwe linali m'derali likuchita asidi, laimu liyenera kukhala likucheperapo musanabzala

Monga mbewu zina zambiri, sitiroberi sitimera bwino panthaka zomwe zimakhala ndi acidic. Chifukwa chake, ngati nthaka patsamba lanu ndiyomweyi, miyezi isanu ndi umodzi isanakwane kubzala, iyenera kukhala ikuchepera. 250-300 magalamu a laimu amawonjezeredwa ndi dothi lamchenga wopepuka, ndi magalamu 400-500 kuti apende. M'malo mwaimu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa la nkhuni - lili ndi potaziyamu yambiri komanso lothandiza kwambiri pa ma sitiroberi. Katunduyo amamwazikana mozungulira pamalowo ndikukumba mpaka pakuya kwa bayonet. Mtsogolomo, njira yokhomerera imabwerezedwa zaka 3-5 zilizonse, koma mulingo wa laimu umatsitsidwa (¼ kuchokera koyambirira) ndipo umatsekedwa ndi 4-6 cm.

Njira yabwino yofalitsira mitundu ya Asia ndikukuika ma rosette ang'onoang'ono, omwe tchire limapanga mofunitsitsa. Mutha kubzala sitiroberi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira, koma kubzala mphete kumachitika bwino kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa kasupe - pakati pa chilimwe. Kufika kumachitika kumadera akumwera kwa Russia kuyambira pa Marichi 5 mpaka 15, madera akumpoto kuyambira Meyi 1 mpaka 15, komanso mkatikati mwa msewu ndi Chigawo cha Moscow kuyambira pa Epulo 10 mpaka 30. Popeza chisanu sichimalimba kwambiri ku Asia, nthawi yachilimwe ikadzala tchire sikhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu kuzizira. Wamaluwa odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo zoyambira zokhazokha ngati chomera chodzala.

Ngati mukugula sitiroberi koyamba, sankhani mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka

Ngati mukugula masamba a mitundu iyi kwa nthawi yoyamba, gulani malo osungirako ana kapena malo ogulitsira - izi zimachepetsa kwambiri mwayi wopeza wosakanizidwa mmalo mwa chomera chamtundu wina. Ndikofunika kugula mabulosi a mabulosi omwe adabzala m'mbale zapulasitiki - chomera chokhala ndi mizu yotsekedwa ndikosavuta kulekerera mayendedwe ndi kubzala. Samalani masamba ndi nthambi yapakati (rosette) ya mmera - ziyenera kukhala zopangidwa bwino, zobiriwira zokhazokha, popanda zizindikiro zamatenda.

Mutatsala pang'ono kubzala, muyenera kuthira malowa ndi malo achilengedwe (humus, kompositi ya chaka chatha) ndi feteleza wovuta wa mchere. Ndi mwambo kuthira feteleza 8 kg wa feteleza ndi 30 gramu ya feteleza wamamineral pa mita imodzi ya nthaka.

Kubzala sitiroberi zamitundu ya Asia kumapangidwa motengera dongosolo lotsatirali:

1. Pafupifupi milungu iwiri mwambowu usanachitike, nthanani ndi dothi. Kuti muchite izi, tengani magalamu 500 a mandimu ndi magalamu 50 amkuwa a sulfate, osungunuka mu malita 10 amadzi ndikuwotha mpaka 70 ° C. Kuchuluka kwa njirayi ndikokwanira pokonza dothi lalikulu lalikulu.
2. Pamalo omwe mwakonzedwa, ikani maenje okuya pafupifupi masentimita 20. Popeza tchire la Asia ndi lalitali, mtunda pakati pa mabowowo uyenera kukhala wosachepera 30 cm (ngati pali malo okwanira pamalowo, ndibwino kubzala masamba a sitiroberi pogwiritsa ntchito masentimita 40). Kutalikirana kwa mzere ndi 70-80 cm.
3. Manyowa pang'ono amawonjezedwa pachitsime chilichonse. Pali zosankha zingapo zakusakaniza kwa michere:
   1. Pa ndowa ya kompositi, manyowa ndi dothi + 2 magalasi a phulusa.
   2. Chidebe cha kompositi, 40 g wa superphosphate, 25 g wa urea ndi 20 g wa mchere wa potaziyamu.
   3. 30 magalamu a humus ndi superphosphate + kapu ya phulusa.
4. Pindani pakati pa dzenjelo ndipo ikani chomera kuti mizu ifike pansi. Ngati mizu yake ndi yayitali kwambiri ndikulungika mbali zosiyanasiyana mukabzala, dulani kaye ndi mitengo. Onetsetsani kuti malo omwe akutulutsidwayo amakhala pamwamba pa dothi - ndikakulitsa kwambiri, chitsamba chimapweteka kwakanthawi ndikuzika mizu (ngati zingazike mizu).
5. Dzazani dzenjelo ndi dothi ndipo phatikizani dothi pafupi ndi chomeracho. Thirani mabulosi ambiri ndi mulch dothi pafupi naye ndi singano zabwino.

Pofuna kuti sitiroberi lisamavutike ndi madzi oundana, mutha kuwabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha - msewu wachitsulo wokutidwa ndi pulasitiki wokutira. Kamangidwe kameneka kayenera kuthandizidwa tsiku lililonse, ndipo kamodzi pa sabata kuti kuthirira ndi kuchotsa udzu. Kutentha kwakunja kukakwera kufika pa +26 ° C, filimuyo imachotsedwa. Mutha kubzala mahlahla mu msipu wobiriwira - mulibe kuda nkhawa ndi zovuta za chilengedwe.

Kubzala sitiroberi wabwino

Momwe mungasamalire masamba a Asia

Tekinoloji yolima Asia ndikosavuta ndipo ndiyosiyana pang'ono ndi kusamalira ma sitiroberi ena:

1. Choyambirira kuchita mchaka chotsatira ndikuchotsa mulch wa chaka chatha, masamba owuma ndi mphukira zakufa ku sitiroberi. Masamba odulidwa amasankhidwa mosamala pamanja kapena ndi chopondera mwapadera kuti asawononge tchire, ndipo zotsalira pazomera zimadulidwa.
   

   Kumayambiriro koyambirira, onetsetsani kuti mukuchotsa mulch wa chaka chatha kuchokera ku mafuliyo ndikudula mphukira zakufa
2. Ma Asia osiyanasiyana amafunika kuthirira kokwanira. Ngati kulibe madzi okwanira, tchire limayamba kupanga bwino ndikupanga zipatso zazing'ono, zopanda kanthu mkati. Strawberry amadzala madzi nthaka ikaphwa, madzi otenthetsedwa pang'ono ndi dzuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira. Popewa mbewu kuti zisatenthe, thirirani m'mawa kapena madzulo dzuwa litalowa. Maluwa asanafike maluwa, sitiroberi amamwetseredwa ndi kukonkha, ndipo mkati mwake ndi pambuyo pake, madzi amayenera kupewa masamba. Zoyenera, muyenera kumanga kulowererapo kwa sitiroberi. Mu nyengo yotentha kwambiri, muyenera kuthirira sitiroberi pafupipafupi, koma sizingatheke kuti musamwe madzi pafupipafupi ndi madzi ochepa - njira imeneyi ikhoza kubweretsa chitukuko cha matenda (makamaka powdery mildew).
3. Kotero kuti mabulosi a msipu amakula bwino ndikusangalala ndi zipatso zazikuluzikulu, ayenera kuthiridwa nthawi zonse. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amayikidwa - supuni ya urea imawaza ndi ndowa ndikuthira theka la lita pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Koma osati mopitilira - zowonjezera za nayitrogeni zadzala ndi zipatso zowononga ndi kuwonongeka kwa kutsekemera. Munthawi imodzimodzi, mutha kudyetsa mbewuzo ndi feteleza wochepa wa potaziyamu - phulusa, superphosphate, potaziyamu, etc. Ma feteleza ophatikizika am'minda ya sitiroberi amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino - amagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga. Pa maluwa ndi maluwa, mbewu sizidyetsa.
4. Onetsetsani kuti mudula namsongole, makamaka pa nthawi ya mapangidwe a mabulosi - sitiroberi sangathe kulekerera. Njira yabwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito wakuda biamtundu wobzala mbewu. Njirayi sithandiza maonekedwe a namsongole komanso komanso chinyontho chambiri. Black spanbond kuphimba dothi nthawi yobzala, kudula mabowo a sitiroberi baka mmenemo, ndikusiyani malowo mpaka nthawi yophukira.
   

   Mutha kubzala sitiroberi pansi pa mitengo yakuda - izi zitha kupewa maudzu ndi kuyanika dothi
5. Nthawi ndi nthawi muzichita tinthu tosungunula dothi ndi mulch timanjira (zabwino koposa zonse ndi singano za spruce). Kuteteza mbewu ku tizirombo ndi matenda, gwiritsirani ntchito mankhwala othandizira. Chapakatikati, fotokozerani ma sitiroberi okhala ndi fungicides yamkuwa - Bordeaux madzi (0%) kapena Hom, Horus, Abiga-Peak. Njira yothandiza yoletsera tizirombo kupopera mbewu kumera ndi kuphulika kwa colloidal sulfure kapena karbofos. Masabata angapo asanafike maluwa, sitiroberi amathandizidwa ndi Neoron. Kulimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira m'zomera, maluwa atathilizidwa ndi Zircon.
6. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yophukira, sitiroberi limadyetsedwa ndi mullein, ndikuwonjezera theka la kapu ya nkhuni ku chidebe chilichonse. Kwina pakati pa Seputembara, 20-30 magalamu a feteleza wa potashi, 2 tbsp. l nitrofoski ndi kapu yamatabwa, ndi kutsanulira 0,5 l yankho pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Kusamalira koteroko kudzakhudza bwino kukolola kwa chaka chamawa.
7. Popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Asia siyisiyanasiyana ndi chisanu, sitiroberi imafunikira malo abwino okhala nthawi yachisanu. Komabe, kumbukirani kuti muyenera kuphimba malo obzala posachedwa monga kutentha kwa kuzizira kukhazikitsidwa pamsewu (kutanthauza kuti, sizingokhala usiku wokha, komanso masana) - apo ayi sitiroberi mwina vypryat. Njira yodziwika ndikuphimba mbewu ndi udzu, koma ndizowopsa chifukwa kubzala kumatha kuwononga makoswe. Mutha kuphimba masamba a sitiroberi ndi nthambi za spruce kapena spanbond, ndipo ndibwino kuti mupange timiyala tating'ono. Mukugwa, pulasitiki kapena zingwe zachitsulo zimayikidwa pamwamba pa mabedi, ndipo posachedwa chisanu, zimakokedwa pa iwo ndi agrofiber ndi kachulukidwe kosachepera 50 g pa mita imodzi. Poterepa, mawonekedwe abwino a mbewu adzapangidwa pansi pobisala, ndipo simudzaopa kukalamba kwa tchire kapena kuzizira kwawo. Musanayambe kuphimba mabulosi, onetsetsani kuti muchotsa namsongole, chotsani masamba owuma ndi zotsalira za zipatsozo, komanso kudula ndevu zonse.

Strawberry tizilombo ta tebulo

Kanema Wothandiza Strawberry Care

Strawberry Makamaka ku Asia

Kuchokera pamitundu ya ku Italiya nthawi yomweyo adadzala Asia, Syria, Roxane, Adria (mbewu zonse zidagulidwa). Choyipa chachikulu ndikuti Asia adazika mizu.Pamene kugulitsa kudabwezeretsedwa kale ndi mbande zake, vuto lina lidatsalira - chlorosis. Pa dothi lathu, limakonda kwambiri ma chlorite (ndizowopsa makamaka ngati Syria yomwe ili ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira ikula pafupi). Kwa ife, ichi ndiye vuto lalikulu la mitundu. Ndipo mabulosi ake ndi okongola, onyamula katundu. Zopindulitsa zimayamikiridwa mokwanira chaka chino, koma kuweruza ndi zipatso zobiriwira - koma zazikulu.

Alexander Krymsky

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2811&page=287

Inde, Asia ndi ofooka komanso onunkhira bwino. Ndipo kukula ndi zipatso zazikulu, pafupifupi osakhala ang'ono (obzalidwa kwinakwake kumapeto kwa Seputembala). Chaka chatha, pakati pa mitundu ina yambiri, sindinawone zokongola zake ndipo ndinabzala mitundu ina yambiri, ndikugulitsa mbande zaku Asia (zofalitsidwa bwino). Ndimadabwitsabe kuti izi ndizomwe akufuna iye? Ndipo chaka chino iyemwini amangosangalala.

Alexey Torshin

//dacha.wcb.ru/lofiversion/index.php?t16608-1050.html

Asia - pambuyo pa zonse, ndizodabwitsa! Zisonkhanizo zinayamba pakati pa mwezi wa June, poganiza kuti zodzala zanga zidasefukira mu kasupe ndipo pambuyo pake zidayamba kukula

vikysia

//www.tomat-pomidor.com/newforum/index.php?topic=7391.140

Ndili ndi Asia zaka zitatu. Chilichonse mwa iye chili ngati, kupatula zokolola.

Berry

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2811&page=287

Ngakhale masamba a mitundu yaku Asia ndi ovuta kwambiri ndipo amafunikira chisamaliro, ali ndi zabwino zambiri kuposa zovuta. Ndipo zoyeserera zonse zomwe mudagulitsa ndizolipiridwa ndi zipatso zazikulu, zotsekemera komanso zonunkhira.