Kodi njira zokulira mbande za phwetekere ndi ziti?

Kukula bwino chitsamba cha phwetekere - zikuwoneka, chabwino, cholakwika ndi chiyani. Koma tangoganizirani kuchuluka kwa mbewu. Ndi zozizwitsa chabe. Anabzala mbewu yaying'ono, ndipo chomera chachikulu chidakula, chokhala ndi zipatso zokoma, chonunkhira kununkhira kwa dzuwa. Koma kuti izi zitheke, muyenera kugwira ntchito pang'ono. Ndipo muyenera kuyamba, kumene, ndi mbande. Kutchuka kwa njira imeneyi yokulira tomato kunapatsa wamaluwa njira zambiri zosiyanasiyana. Zina mwazo ndi zachikhalidwe komanso zachilendo kwambiri. Ndipo kuti tisasokonezedwe, tiyesetsa kuyika chilichonse pang'onopang'ono.

Malamulo obzala tomato kwa mbande

Pafupifupi mlimi aliyense, mosasamala kanthu komwe kudera lathu lalikulu amakhala, amakonda kubzala tomato mu mbande. Njirayi ndi yoyenera kubzala tomato pamalo otseguka, komanso kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha. Ndi njira yokomera yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wowulula bwino mbewu zamtunduwu, kuti mulandire mbewuyo kale komanso zochulukirapo, zomwe zimayamikiridwa makamaka pomwe nthawi yachilimwe ndiyochepa.

Iyi ndi njira yofesa yakumera tomato yomwe imadziwika kwambiri m'malo osiyanasiyana

Musanadzalemo mbewu muyenera kukonzekera. Njirayi imatenga nthawi, koma iyenera kuchitidwa. Kuthanso kwa mbeu kumathandizira kukana matenda, ndipo kuyambitsa kumathandizira kumera. Nthawi zambiri, pochizira mbeu, njira zomwe zimapezeka mnyumba iliyonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• potaziyamu permanganate;
• hydrogen peroxide;
• msuzi wa aloe;
• wokondedwa.

Uchi ndi aloe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukonzekera mbewu za phwetekere kuti zibzalidwe

Koma, kupatula izi, kukonzekera kwa mankhwala kumawonetsanso zotsatira zabwino:

• Epin;
• Fitosporin;
• Baikal EM1.

Mitundu yokonza mbewu za phwetekere musanadzalemo mbande imaphatikizaponso:

• kuumitsa;
• kutentha;
• kuzungulira.

Njira zochulukitsira zambiri zotere sizitanthauza kuti mbewu zonse ziziwululidwa kwa aliyense. Kuphatikiza, mwachitsanzo, ndi njira yabwino yoperekera nthangala mwachangu komanso kumera. Poterepa, nthangala za mbewu sizifunikanso kuti zilowerere ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zokula.

Njira yopukutira m'mimba imathandizira kulimbikitsa njira zofunika mu njere.

Nthawi yofesa mbewu mbande zimatengera timawu tambiri:

• dera lokhalamo;
• Zithunzi zamitundu yakucha yakucha (kucha koyambirira, mitundu yapakatikati kapena mochedwa);
• nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera mbewu;
• Malangizo a wopanga mbewu, omwe akuwonetsedwa paphukusi.

Omwe alimi ambiri amakonda kuyang'ana pa kalendala yoyendera mwezi, kutanthauza masiku oyenera kufesa mbewu za mbande.

Mndandanda wazizindikiro za kufesa mbewu za phwetekere kwa mbande zakumadera zosiyanasiyana

Ndimakhala ku Crimea. Koma ngakhale timakonda kubzala tomato osati nthaka, monga mbande. Chakumapeto kwa Epulo - kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, misika imapereka mitundu yayikulu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato yomwe imafunika kubzala kutentha. Koma nthawi zambiri ndimamera mbande. Kubzala mbewu kumayambiriro kwa February, ndipo ndisanabzala m'mundamo, ndimakhwimitsa mbande pa khonde.

Njira ya mmera imakupatsani mwayi kuti muthe kupeza zipatso za phwetekere kale ndipo imakulitsa nthawi ya zipatso

Kusamalira Mbewu

Ngati mikhalidwe yabwino ikwaniritsidwa, mbewuzo zimamera limodzi, pambuyo pake zimayenera kupatsidwa chisamaliro chokwanira.

Kuthirira

Mbande imakonda kwambiri kubzala kapena madzi ochulukirapo kuposa mbande zachikulire. Mukamathirira, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:

• mutabzala njere, kuthilira koyamba kumachitika pakatha masiku awiri kapena atatu mutabadwa mbuto zambiri;
• mbande zimamwetsedwa mwamphamvu pansi pazu kapena kuthira madzi pakati pa mizere;
• kuthirira kumachitika kokha ndi madzi ofunda (23 ° C).

Mukathirira mbande za phwetekere, yesetsani kukhala pamasamba ndi zimayambira za mbewu

Pambuyo kumera kochulukirapo, mbande zimathiriridwa madzi - kamodzi pakadutsa masiku atatu kapena anayi, kusintha pafupipafupi molingana ndi kutentha kwa mpweya komanso kuthamanga kwa nthaka. Pakadutsa, kuthirira kumachitika pa masiku 3-4. Pafupipafupi kuthirira mbande mbande 1 nthawi m'masiku 7 mpaka 10.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kudyetsa koyamba kwa mbande kumachitika pomwe tsamba loyambilira loona limapezeka pa mbande. Kuti mukhutitse phwetekere ndi michere yofunika, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wovuta - Effekton, Agricola, Athlete kapena Nitrofoska. Komanso pakudyetsa mbande, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa la nkhuni kapena yisiti. Chovala chachiwiri chapamwamba chimachitidwa masabata 1.5 pambuyo pa madzi.

Kuphatikiza pa kuvala mizu, ndizotheka kuchita zachabechabe. Pankhani yakusowa kwa zinthu zina, ndipo chifukwa chake - kufalikira kwam'mera, njirayi ingathandize kukhutiritsa mbewu mwachangu ndi zinthu zomwe zikusowa. Mutha kuthira limodzi ndi feteleza omweomwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mizu, koma yankho limakonzedwa pang'ono. Maola ochepa mutatha kupopera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ufeze mbande ndi madzi oyera kuchokera ku botolo lothira.

Kavalidwe kabwinoko kabwino kumakupatsani mwayi wobwezeretsanso kusowa kwa zinthu zina

Sankhani

Kwa mbande ya phwetekere, njirayi ndiyofunika kwambiri. Zimathandizira mmera kumanga mizu yokwanira, kukulolani kupeza michere yambiri komanso chinyezi.

Nthawi zambiri, njirayi imachitika pa masiku 10 mpaka 14 kumera. Pofika nthawi ino, mmera uzikhala ndi masamba enieni awiri.

Tomato ndi chimodzi mwazomera zochepa zomwe zimatha kulekerera mosavuta kutola.

Madeti of Thirani phwetekere mbande mu nthaka

Zisanaloredwe m'nthaka, mbande zimafunika kuumitsidwa. Kuti muchite izi, mkati mwa masabata 1.5, tengani mbewuzo pansi kapena pamsewu.

Ngati mukukhala m'dera lozizira, ndiye kuti yambani kuumitsa ndikuwonjezera nthawi yopumira, koma osasiya mbewuzo pazokonzekera. Kenako mbande zitha kutengedwera ku khonde lophimbidwa.

Nthawi yodzala mbande m'nthaka zimatengera nyengo nyengo zake. M'madera akumwera, mwambowu umachitika koyambilira - kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo komanso theka lonse la Meyi. Pakadali pano, dzuwa latenthetsa kale dothi mpaka 15 ° C. Koma usiku kutentha nthawi zina kumatha kugwa kwambiri, choncho zingakhale bwino kukhala ndi pogona pogona pa bedi, lomwe usiku limateteza mbande zosazizira kuti kuzizire.

M'madera ozizira, mwachitsanzo, ku Urals kapena Siberia, kuyimitsa kumachitika mochedwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi komanso kugwirira kumayambiriro kwa June. Kutentha masana m'maderawa, komabe, monga m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia, sichabwino, chifukwa nthawi zambiri mbande zimabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Ikani mbande zokhazikika zokha komanso nthawi

Njira zokulitsira mbande za phwetekere

Pali njira zambiri, njira ndi njira zokulira mbande za phwetekere. Ena mwa iwo adayesedwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo amasangalala ndi kutchuka koyenera, ena mwa iwo akungoyesedwa ndi akatswiri olima dimba. Koma onse ali ndi cholinga chimodzi - kuti mbande izikhala yolimba komanso yathanzi.

Kukula mbande popanda kutola

Munjira yokhazikika yolimidwa, njere zimabzalidwa m'bokosi wamba, kudikira kuti mbande ziwonekere ndipo panthawi yoyenera zimakwiriridwa mumiphika yosiyana. Kuti tikule mbande za phwetekere osatola, njere zimabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo m'makontena kapena gwiritsani ntchito bokosi lomwe limalepheretsa mizu kuti isazungulane, yomwe ithandizire kwambiri kupititsa dothi.

Ubwino wakukula popanda suti ndiwodziwikiratu:

• nthawi imasungidwa yomwe wosamalira mundawo atha kuthera nthawi yabwino yosamalira mmera;
• Muzu waukulu, womwe sunatambidwe pamenepa, umatha kulowa pansi kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imalekerera nthawi yowuma mosavuta ndikudziyimira yokha ikupereka chinyezi;
• tomato osatola kumera nthawi zambiri nyengo zoyipa.

Chifukwa chake, tikambirana njira zingapo zokulira mbande za phwetekere popanda chosankha.

Tikugonera mumidziyanu yosiyana

Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera dothi losakaniza bwino. Kwa mbande, dothi lotayirira komanso lathanzi ndizoyenera kwambiri, zomwe ndizosavuta kukonzekera palokha, kusakaniza molingana ndizofanana dothi lapansi, humus, phulusa lamatabwa ndi mchenga.

1. Zophatikiza zodzipatula (ziyenera kukhala ndi mabowo otayira pansi) dzazani zosakaniza dothi ndi 1/3. Chifukwa chiyani nthaka yaying'ono ndiyofunikira, mudziwa bwino posachedwa.
   

   Dzazani chikho chilichonse ndi dothi pa 1/3 ya kutalika

2. Nyowetsani nthaka ndikuyika m'manda mbewu zomwe zakonzedwa mu 3 mpaka 1.5 cm.
   

   Bzalani mbeu zitatu mugalasi

3. Mukamera, apatseni nthawi kuti akule pang'ono, kenako chotsani mbande ziwiri zofooka. Palibenso chifukwa chowakokera mu dothi kuti muwononge mizu ya mmera womwe udatsala. Ingodulani ndi zomata zazing'ono za msomali.
   

   Mbewu zikamera, siyani imodzi yokha, koma yolimba

4. Mbeu ikamakula, onjezani dothi tankanki (mumangokhala ndi mavidiyo aulere). Chifukwa chake, mbande imamera mizu ina ina yofunika.
   

   Mbewu zikamakula, onjezerani dothi mu thanki kuti mizu yakhazikike

Kukula mbande m'mabokosi

Kuti mulime mbande zambiri kapena mulibe zida zokwanira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bokosi (lamatabwa kapena pulasitiki). Chachikulu ndikuti sichotsika.

1. Thirani kusakaniza kwa dothi m'bokosi, pafupifupi 1/3 yama voliyumu, nyowetsani ndikubzala mbewu.
   

   Nyowetsani nthaka moyenererana ndi mfuti ya utsi
2. Mtunda pakati pa njere pamenepa uyenera kukhala wabwino kwambiri, poganizira kukula kwa mmera - pafupifupi 5 - 7 cm.
3. Mbewu zikakulitsidwa pang'ono, ikanipo gawo pakati pawo kuchokera pa makatoni kapena pulasitiki. Chifukwa cha izi, mizu ya mbewuyo singasiyane ndi kuvulala nthawi yobzala.
   

   Zomera zikawoneka, onetsetsani kuti mukukhomera magawo kuti mugawanitse mbewuzo ndi inzake

4. Mukukula kwa mmera, dothi losakanikirana liyenera kuwonjezedwa mu khungu lililonse.
   

   Mbewu zikamakula, onjezerani nthaka panabokosi

Kukula mbande za phwetekere mumiphika zopangidwa ndi cellophane kapena filimu ya pulasitiki

Njira yachuma kwambiri, chifukwa zonse zomwe zimafunika kuti pakhale chidebe cha munthu ndi zidutswa za filimu ya cellophane (ndikwabwino kuti mutengeko yopanda), yoyeza 15 cm kutalika ndi 25 cm mulifupi.

1. Pereka cellophane mu mawonekedwe a makapu. Kuti mukhale bwino, mutha kugwira m'mphepete ndi cholembera.
   

   Popewa m'mphepete mwa kapu yosinthika kuti isagawanike, alimbikitseni ndi waya kapena simangiri

2. Dzazani chidebe ndi dothi lonyowa ndikuchiyika molimba.
   

   Dzazani makapuwo ndi makapu odzaza.

3. Bzalani mbeu zitatu pachidebe chilichonse.
4. Kenako yambirani ngati mbande zakula mosiyanasiyana makapu.

Ndili mwana, sizinatheke kupeza miphika ya mbande, ndipo amayi anga amapanga zotengera kuchokera mu filimu yowumba pulasitiki. Mwa njira, adatumikira zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Koma makapu a mbande amapangidwa nthawi yakutali kuchokera kuzinthu zilizonse zoyenera izi - makatoni, manyuzipepala, magazini.

Kuchokera pamapepala omwe amapindidwa m'magawo angapo, chidebe chodabwitsa cha mbande chimapezeka

Kukula m'mapiritsi a peat

Njira yosavuta komanso yabwino yolulira mbande za phwetekere ndikugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a peat. Koma mapiritsi amafunika kusankhidwa oyenera - osachepera 4 cm. Kuti zitheke, zingakhale bwino kugula chidebe cha mapiritsi a peat. Koma mutha kuchita popanda izi, pogwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki owoneka bwino kuchokera ku masikono kapena makeke omwe amapezeka mnyumba iliyonse.

1. Mapiritsi a peat amayikidwa mumtsuko, ndikuthira madzi ofunda (40 - 50 ° C).
   

   Thirani mapiritsi a peat makamaka ndi madzi ofunda

2. Pakati pa piritsi lotupa, pangani sentimita ndikuyambitsa mbewu ya phwetekere.
   

   Bzalani mbeu piritsi lotupa, mutha ngakhale 2

3. Patulani nyembazo pamwamba pa peat ndikuphimba chidebe ndi chivindikiro.
4. Pambuyo pakupezeka timapepala tokwana 3 mpaka 4, muyenera kuchita zomwe zikufanana ndi kusankha.
5. Tengani kapu yayikulu pulasitiki yokhala ndi malita osachepera 0,5, pangani dzenje pakati kuti mumitse madzi ochuluka. Thirani dothi pafupifupi 2 mpaka 3 mpaka galasi.
   

   Galasi lodzalirana liyenera kukhala lalikulu kuti mmera ukhale ndi malo oti mizu ikule

6. Chotsani mauna pa piritsi ya peat ndikuyika mbande mu kapu. Onjezani dothi masamba a cotyledon asanayambe kukula.
   

   Ukonde kuchokera piritsi la peat ndizosavuta kuchotsa, koma muyenera kuchita mosamala
7. Mukasiya mbewu piritsi la peat mpaka ibzalidwe munthaka, ndiye kuti mbewuyo iyamba kutambalala, imakhala yofooka kwambiri. Ndipo mugalasi pali malo okwanira kuti muthe kuzika mizu.

Nyanja "nkhono"

Njirayi ndiyotchuka kwambiri, chifukwa imasungira malo pawindo. Kuphatikiza apo, mbande zomwe zili mu "nkhono" ndizosavuta kusamalira - kupukuta, ndikwanira kuthira madzi mu thanki, kuwunikirako kumayendetsedwa ndikutembenuza mawonekedwe kuzungulira ax. Njira ina yotere imakopa kupezeka kwake komanso mtengo wotsika.

Pali njira ziwiri zokulitsira mbande za phwetekere mu "nkhono" - pogwiritsa ntchito pepala kapena chimbudzi. Ganizirani chilichonse, kuti musankhe kuti ndi iti yomwe ingakhale yabwino kwambiri kwa inu.

Kuti apange "nkhono" ndi dothi adzafunika zinthu zotsatirazi:

• gawo lamadzi lopanda madzi a laminate ndi mulifupi wa 10 - 15 cm ndi kutalika kwa 1 - 1.5 m;
• dothi losakaniza mbande;
• gulu lazotupa kapena tepi yomatira kuti ikonze "nkhono";
• atomizer;
• spatula kapena supuni ya dothi;
• wolamulira;
• opukusa;
• kuthekera kwa "nkhono" (makoma ake azikhala okwera pang'ono kuposa "nkhono" yomwe).

Pofuna kuti nthaka isasungidwe pamalo, ikani mafuta akale kapena nyuzipepala, kenako.

1. Pamalo lathyathyathya, pezani tepiyo kuchokera kumbuyo. Pogwiritsa ntchito spatula, thirani dothi lonyowa pang'ono, ndikubwerera masentimita 5 kuyambira pachiyambitsi. Osanjikiza sayenera kupitirira 1 cm kutalika. Kuti dothi lisapunthwe, duleni pang'ono ndi manja anu. Kuti zitheke, dzazani dothi losaposa 20 cm ya gawo lapansi motalika.
   

   Gawo laling'ono lam lamoni silipanga chinyontho, motero ndilabwino kuti apange "nkhono"
2. Kuchokera pamwamba, nyowetsani dothi lapansi ndikuwombera mfuti. Koma kumbukirani kuti dziko lapansi silikhala lonyowa mopanda kutero, ikanyowa.
3. Popeza kuti mwachoka m'mphepete mwa 2 cm, yambani kuyika mbewu yokonzekeratu ndi ma tonneers. Mtunda wa 2 cm, womwe uyenera kukhala pakati pawo, ndiosavuta kuyeza ndi wolamulira.
   

   Finyani dothi ndi sentimita, apo ayi zingakhale zovuta kuti pindani "nkhono"

4. Mukayala njere, kanikizani kaye pang'ono.
5. Tepi ikadzaza ndi nthanga, yambani kupukuta "nkhono", kuyesera kuti ipangidwe yokulitsa.
   

   Mukamayala nthanga, yambani kukungulusani mpukutuwo

6. Gwirani m'mphepete ndi dzanja limodzi, ndi dzanja linalo, dzazani nthaka m'gawo lotsatira, ikani njere, kenako ndikupotoza.
7. Pamapeto pake, siyani dothi 5 lopanda dothi.
8. Lumikizani chomaliza ndi matumba a rabara kapena tepi ya scotch ndikuyiyika mumtsuko, njere zam'munda. Thirani madzi mumtsuko, pafupifupi masentimita 2. Mutha kuthira pansi dothi kuchokera pamwamba ndi botolo lopopera.Kupanga malo abwino a mbewu, ikani thumba pachidebe ndi "nkhono".
   

   "Nkhono" zokonzedwa zokhazikitsidwa zomwe zimakhala ndi mbali zazitali

"Nkhono" yopanda dothi

Zipangizo zomwe amapanga ndizofanana, koma m'malo mwa dothi mugwiritsa ntchito pepala la chimbudzi. Gawo laling'ono nthawi zambiri limasinthidwa ndi thumba losavuta la cellophane. Pankhani yokukula mu "nkhono" yopanda nthaka, musatenge chidutswa cha cellophane motalika, 50 cm idzakwanira.

Ntchito yopanga "nkhono" yotere imafanana ndi zomwe zidachitika kale. Pamagawo pokhapokha muyenera kuyala osati dothi, koma pepala la chimbudzi. Ponena za zigawo, malingaliro amasiyana. Danga limodzi limakwanira kwa ena, pomwe ena amalimbikitsa magawo anayi.

1. Nyowetsani pepalalo kuchokera ku botolo lothira kapena syringe yankho la Epin (ndende ngati mukumeretsa nyemba), komanso ndi madzi omveka. Ikani njere monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kuphimba ndi pepala lina pamwamba, inyowetsani pang'ono ndikupotoza "nkhono".
2. Ikani yokulungira mu beseni ndi yankho la michere ndikuphimba ndi thumba.

"Nkhono" yopanda dothi imapangidwa mwachangu kwambiri

Mukapeza chonde, njira yopukuta "nkhono" ya phwetekere siyitenga nthawi yayitali. Mukakula motere, kumbukirani malamulo ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira iliyonse:

• osaloletsa dothi kapena pepala la chimbudzi;
• pobisalira amayenera kupumira pang'onopang'ono pofuna kupewa chinyezi chachikulu;
• mphukira yoyamba itawonekera, phukusi lophimba liyenera kuchotsedwa.

Momwe mungakulire mbande za phwetekere mu botolo la pulasitiki

Mwa njira iyi yokulira mbande za phwetekere, muyenera botolo la 2 kapena 6 (makamaka lowonekera). Imafunika kudulidwa mosamalitsa.

1. Pambuyo pake, ikani pepala lochindikala la pepala la chimbudzi (osachepera 7 zigawo) m'botolo. Ikani zigawo, nthawi ndi nthawi kumwaza madzi.
   

   Ikani zigawo zingapo za pepala lakuchimbudzi m'botolo lokonzekera

2. Ikani mbewu ponyowa pepala lomweayamba.
   

   Fesani njere papepala lonyowa
3. Ikani pepala lina la chimbudzi pamwamba ndikuusungunula kuchokera m'botolo la utsi.
4. Ikani botolo la mbewu m'thumba lowonekera ndikuyang'anitsanso nazale yachilendo.
   

   Kuti mupange malo abwino, ikani chikwama pa botolo

5. Mbande zomwe zimakula motere zimafunikira kukakamiza.
   

   Mbewu zikamera, muziwakhira m'mizimba

Ngati wina akufuna kukulira mbande m'nthaka, ndiye kuti botolo lingasinthidwe kuti muyesere.

Botolo limalowetsa bokosi laling'ono la mbande

M'malo mwa botolo, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki ina, kuyikamo mafayilo osiyanasiyana. Mutha kuyesanso zoyeserera. Omwe alimi ena okula mbande amagwiritsa ntchito izi:

• vermiculitis;
• perlite;
• CHIKWANGWANI cha coconut;
• mchenga.

Ma CD a pulasitiki ndi chonde chabwino kwambiri momwe mungalimere mbande papepala kapena m'nthaka

Njira "Moscow" zokulira mbande za phwetekere

M'malo mwake, njira "Moscow" yofikira mbande za phwetekere ndi "nkhono" yomweyo popanda nthaka. Chifukwa chake, chidutswa cha cellophane kapena filimu ya pulasitiki ndi pepala la kuchimbudzi (kapena mwina chopukutira) ndizomwe zimafunikira kuti mukule mbande za phwetekere pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi.

Mbande "ku Moscow" imatchedwanso njira ya katswiri wa ukadaulo Karimov.

Kupanga kwa mpukutuwo kuti "ku Moscow" sikusiyana ndi njira ya "nkhono" yomwe tafotokozazi. Mutha kuyesa zakumwa zomwe zimanyowetsa pepalalo. M'malo mwa madzi abwino, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwamalemba awa:

• yankho la 3% hydrogen peroxide - pa lita imodzi yamadzi 20 ml ya peroxide;
• feteleza yankho "Humate Baikal", ndende zozizira kwambiri.

Mbande "ku Moscow" - njira yoyera komanso yachuma yokukula

Ikani yokulungira mu chidebe chodzazidwa ndi yankho la michere (ndende ndi yotsika 2 kuposa masiku onse). Oyera ndi osungira malo! Koma musaiwale kuti mbande za phwetekere ziyenera kuzimbidwa pamenepa. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala kuti pasavulaze mizu. Wonjezerani mpukutuwo, dulani mapepala okhala ndi mizu yolowera ndi lumo, ndipo mwanjira iyi, dzalani mmera mu chidebe ndi dothi.

Nthawi yakwana, ingokulitsani mpukutuwo ndikudula m'magulu awiri okhala ndi mbande

Njira ya "Japan" kapena "Chinese" yakukula mbande ya phwetekere - izi ndiye ziyenera kuwona!

Malinga ndi zambiri pa intaneti, njirayi ilibe kanthu kochita ndi Japan kapena China, chifukwa idagwiritsidwa ntchito konse m'maiko a USSR komanso akunja. Koma sichoncho ndiye mfundo. Chachikulu ndikukula bwino mbande pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo uwu.

Mbande zimamera mwanjira zonse - m'bokosi kapena chidebe china ndi dothi. Njira yakum'mawa ndi yosangalatsa m'njira yolumphira m'madzi. Zimachitika osati mwanjira yachikhalidwe, koma mwanjira yachilendo kwambiri. Musanayambe njirayi, konzekerani zonse zomwe mukufuna:

• mphamvu ndi yankho la Epin;
• pezani zida ndi dothi la mbande;
• lumo laling'ono koma lakuthwa.

Ndondomeko amayikidwa mbande, omwe adakwanitsa masiku 30. Pakadali pano, mmera udayamba kale kupanga ndipo masamba angapo owona.

1. Lumo limadula mbande pansi.
   

   Ndi lumo lakuthwa timadula mbande pa dothi

2. Ikani chomera chakudula mu njira ya Epin. Simuyenera kuchita kukhalitsa kwanthawi yayitali - bola mutakonzekera akasinja.
   

   Sizofunikira kusunga chomera chodulidwa ku Epin kwa nthawi yayitali

3. Nyowetsani dothi m'matanki ndipo mutapanga chakukulitsa, dzalani mbande zodulidwazo, ndikuzikulitsa pamasamba a cotyledon.
   

   Timakhazikitsa chomera chodulidwa chimodzimodzi masamba a cotyledon

4. Pambuyo pa izi, nthaka ikhoza kuthiridwa ndi yankho la Epin, momwe mbewu zomwe zidadulidwamo zidapezeka.
   

   Timathirira mbande za Epin kuti njira yodziwira mizu izipambana

5. Valani chidebe ndi mbande zomwe tidabzala mu thumba kapena magalasi owoneka bwino ndi kukhazikika m'malo amdima kwa masiku atatu mpaka asanu. Mukatha nthawi imeneyi, bweretsani mbande kumalo komwe mumakhala.
   

   Kuti mupange nthawi yabwino mizu, kuphimba mbande ndi kapu kapena chikwama

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito "Chinese" kapena "Japan" njira zokulira mbande, mbeu ziyenera kufesedwa pafupifupi mwezi umodzi zisanachitike. Njira zaku East nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozika mizu yayitali kwambiri.

Inde, uwu si mndandanda wathunthu wa njira zonse zotheka zokulira mbande. Kupatula apo, simungakane chikumbumtima chanu kwa anthu athu. Pafupifupi chilichonse chimagwiritsidwa ntchito - malaya pepala la chimbudzi, maqanda, kuyikiramo madzi, mkaka, thonje. Ngati ndinu olima dimba, mwina muli ndi zinsinsi zingapo zomwe zatsalira.

Pakakulitsa mbande, wolimi atha kusintha zina zilizonse zomwe zikadatenga nthawi yayitali kutayidwa

Mavuto akukula, matenda atha kufa ndi mbozi

Mu gawo la mmera, tomato samadwala kapena kudwala tizirombo. Komabe, chisamaliro chanyumba chanthete chazomera zazing'ono zimakhudza. Koma kudzipereka kwambiri kwa wolima masamba osasamala kapena kusasamala mbande kumayambitsa mavuto.

Gome: momwe mbande imatiuza za kuperewera kwakuthupi

Monga lamulo, ndi malo okhuthala, mbande za phwetekere zimasowa nayitrogeni.

Kuphatikiza apo, chisamaliro chosayenera chimabweretsa zotsatirazi:

• mbande ndi yotambalala - magetsi osakwanira. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, ikani mbande pazenera zowunikira kwambiri kapena kuyatsa magetsi ena;
• Mizu imavunda kapena youma, mbewuyo imakhala yotupa, masamba amataya turgor - kuthilira kumaphwanyidwa. Kutengera ma frequency ndi miyeso yothirira, vuto lotere silichitika;
• midges (sciaridae) amaoneka m'nthaka - dothi lonyowa kwambiri lomwe silitsukidwa musanabzalidwe. Kuti muchotse tizirombo muyenera kuwaza dothi ndi wosakanikira phulusa kapena ikani misomali pamalo ake. Ma clove awiri adyo omwe adayikidwa mu bokosi lomwe ali ndi mbande amawopsya tizilombo. Ngati njira zonsezi sizikuthandizani, ndiye muyenera kuchita ndi Dichlorvos.

Kuti mbande zisakule mbali imodzi, itembenukire ku gwero lowunikira mbali zosiyanasiyana

Matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amagonjetsa mbande ndi mwendo wakuda komanso vuto lakumapeto. Monga lamulo, izi fungus matenda amakula ndi kuthirira kwambiri ndi malo okhuthala. Chotsani zomera zodwala m'dothi nthawi yomweyo ndi mizu. Popewa kukula kwa matendawa, gwiritsani ntchito njere musanabzala, ndikuthira dothi ndi yankho la manganese kapena mkuwa sulfate.

Kutentha ndi chinyezi chachikulu - kuphatikiza koyenera pakupanga mwendo wakuda

Zomwe sizingachitike pomera mbande za phwetekere

Kuti mbande zikhale zamphamvu ndi zathanzi, yambani kulimidwa ndiudindo wonse.

1. Osagula mbewu kwa alendo. Musanafese, onetsetsani kuti mwakonza mbewu.
2. Simungathe kuviika nthangala kwa maola opitilira 10, apo ayi mluza ungangokulitsa.
3. Osagwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira akunyowa, ofunda okha.
4. Musalole kuti kutentha kwa mpweya kutsike mpaka mphukira yoyamba iwoneke.
5. Musamachulukitse nyere kapena pouma kwambiri ngati mbuto zakula.
6. Pewani kukula kwa magawo.

Mbande zamphamvu ndi zathanzi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukolola bwino

Pali njira zambiri zokulitsira mbande za phwetekere. Ndipo iliyonse ya izo ili ndi mawonekedwe ake, maubwino ndi kuipa kwake. Kuti mupeze zosavuta, muyenera kusanthula njira ndikuyesa zomwe zikukuyenererani. Ndipo mwina ndi inu amene mumakwanitsa kukonza njira zina zodziwika kale kapena kupanga zatsopano.