Dogwood: momwe mungasankhire mitundu yoyenera ndikusamalira mbewu

Woodwood imayamikiridwa ndi wamaluwa osati zokongoletsera zokha, komanso odzikuza, wophukira zipatso zambiri. Zipatso zake zokoma ndi wowawasa ndizabwino kwambiri. Pakati penipeni ku Russia, sikugawidwabe kwambiri, koma zinthu zikusintha, popeza obereketsa adabzala mitundu yambiri kale ndi kukana chisanu.

Kufotokozera kwamasamba

Dogwood ndi mtundu wamtchire komanso mitengo yododometsa yochokera ku banja la Kizilovye. Mwachilengedwe, chikhalidwe ndiofalikira kumwera ndi kum'mawa kwa Europe, ku Caucasus, ku Crimea, ku Asia Little, komwe kumapezeka ku China, Japan, South Africa, America.

Dzinalo limachokera chifukwa cha mtundu wofiira kwambiri wa zipatso - pomasulira kuchokera ku Turkic "dogwood" amatanthauza "kufiyira". Mthunziwu umachitika chifukwa cha zomwe zili kwambiri ma anthocyanins, omwe amapindulitsa kwambiri thanzi.

Dogwood ndiofala ku Russia makamaka ku Crimea, dera la Black Sea, ndi Caucasus.

Moyo wopatsa zipatso wa mtengowu umafikira zaka 150-250. Munthawi imeneyi, chitsamba cholimira agalu chimakula mpaka 3 mita, ndipo mtengowo umakula mpaka mamita 5-8.Kutheka koyamba kungayembekezeredwe zaka 10-12 mutabzala m'nthaka. Mpaka m'badwo uno, mphukira zimasiyana pamlingo wokukula, ndikuwonjezera masentimita 45-50 pa nyengo, ndiye kuti imatsika kwambiri, mpaka 8-10 masentimita pachaka. Mukabala zipatso zoyambirira, nkhuni zimabweretsa zipatso nthawi zonse; kwa oyamba, mutha kuwerengera zipatso 12-16 makilogalamu.

Zipatso za Dogwood zimatenga miyezi yambiri kuti zitheke.

Khungwa pamtundu wachichepere ndiwobiriwira komanso wonyezimira wachikasu, pomwe limakula, mawonekedwe ake amasintha kukhala amtundu, nthawi zina amakhala ndi mtengo wa azitona kapena wofiirira. Mphukira ndizochepa thupi, nyknuyus. Masamba okhala ngati mawonekedwe owulungika, okhala ndi nsonga yakuthwa kwambiri, amapezeka moyang'anizana. Mbali yakutsogolo ya mbale yamdima ndiyida kwambiri kuposa mkati, miyala yoyera.

Dogwood kum'mwera limamasula kumapeto kwa March kapena koyambirira kwa Epulo. Masamba amatsegula masamba asanafike. Maluwa oyera owala achikasu kapena otuwa wowerengeka amatengedwa mu inflorescence mu mawonekedwe a ambulera kapena scutellum yotalika masentimita 5-6. Kutengera ndi mitundu, maluwa amatenga masiku 15-20 mpaka 60-70.

Kutengera ndi mitundu, maluwa amtundu wa agalu amatenga masiku 15 mpaka 70

Zipatso za nkhuni (zovutitsa) zimacha kwa nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zambiri mbewuzo zimakololedwa mu Seputembala kapena theka zoyambirira za Okutobala. Mitundu yambiri yachilengedwe, zipatsozo zimapakidwa utoto wofiirira kapena malalanje ofiira. Nthawi zina pamakhala zoyera, zachikaso, zapinki, zofiirira, pafupifupi zakuda. Kutalika kotalika kwa zipatso zowoneka bwino kapena zamawonekedwe a peyala ndi 2-4 cm, kulemera - 3-6 g. Mnofu wotsekemera ndi wowawasa ndi wowukaka kwambiri, wokhala ndi kakomedwe kotsitsimula, pang'ono pang'ono pang'ono komanso wamanjenje.

Dogwood samadwala chisanu chakuthengo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, zipatso zachisanu zimangowongolera kukoma kwawo.

Nthawi zambiri, zipatso za nkhuni zimakhala zofiira, koma pali mithunzi ina

Zipatso zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chilengedwe chonse. Kuphatikiza pa kudya zatsopano, nkhuni zouma, zouma, zouma, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika mbale za nyama, vinyo wopangidwa ndi anthu, zakumwa zoledzeretsa komanso zakumwa ndi ma compotes.

Zilonda zilizonse zopangidwa ndi agogo ake ndizokoma kwambiri komanso zonunkhira

Dogwood ndi chomera chabwino cha uchi, koma panthawi yomwe imamasuka, kumakhalabe kozizira. Zomwe zimachitika popanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizionedwa. Chifukwa chake, chikhalidwechi chimatengedwa kuti ndi chopanda pake. Ngati nkhuni yobzalidwa ndikuyembekezera mbewu yamtsogolo, ndikofunika kuti ikhale ndi mitundu itatu yabwinobwino yotuwa.

Mitundu wamba ndi mitundu

Posachedwa nkhuni za agalu zakhala zikutchuka ndi obereketsa. Amatulutsa mitundu yokongoletsera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe.

Galu

Mitundu yodziwika bwino, kuphatikiza ku Russia. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa tchire ndi 2-2,5 mamita. Maluwa ndi obiriwira chikasu, zipatso zake ndi zofiira kwambiri, zazitali. Zovuta zowonongera, zimatha kukula osasiya konse.

Mitundu yake yotchuka kwambiri:

• Pyramidalis. Shrub mpaka 4 m kutalika ndi korona wa piramidi;
• Nana Mtundu wocheperako wokhala ndi kutalika kosaposa 1 m, korona, ngakhale osakonza, amasintha kukhala mpira wapafupipafupi;
• Variegata. Masamba obiriwira owala bwino omwe ali ndi saladi wamkulu kapena mzere woyera pamphepete;
• Aurea. Masamba okongola kwambiri achikasu;
• Aurea Variegata. Mawonekedwe agolide ndi mikwingwirima zimawonekera motsutsana ndi maziko oyamba obiriwira a tsamba.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: kuswana mitundu yamitengo yamatabwa

Zoyera nkhuni

Amakula makamaka ku Far East, ku China, Japan. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa shrub kuli mpaka 3 m, mphukira ndionda, nickel. Makungwa ake ndi mtundu wa njerwa. Nthambi zazing'ono padzuwa zimatulutsa siliva. Pamwamba pa pepalali pang'onopang'ono. Maluwa ndi oyera, masamba otseguka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe komanso mu Seputembala, nthawi yomweyo monga zipatso. Zipatso zake ndi zoyera, pafupifupi kuzungulira.

Mitundu yake:

• Elegantissima. Osiyana ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa chisanu. Mphukira ndi zonenepa, masamba obiriwira amtambo ali ndi mikwingwirima, mikwingwirima, malire osawoneka ndi mawonekedwe;
• Sib America Aurea. Kutalika kwa tchire sikupitilira 1.5-2 m, masamba ndi achikaso chikasu, mphukira ndi ofiira magazi, zipatso ndi zoyera, ndimtambo wabuluu;
• Sib America Variegata. Pushani mpaka 2 m kutalika, mphukira za utoto wa korali. Masamba ndiwobiriwira okhala ndi malire oyera oyera. Mukugwa, mtundu umasandulika kukhala wofiirira, koma hue wamalire sakusintha. Kuchulukitsa sikusiyana, sikubala zipatso.

Zithunzi zojambula: mitundu yoyera ya dogwood

Magazi a Dogwood ofiira

Shrub pafupifupi 4 m kutalika, kwambiri. Masamba ndi ovoid, pafupifupi wozungulira, pakugwa amapentedwa muzithunzi zonse zofiirira, kapezi, kapezi, ndi papo. Mkati mwake mumakhala zinthu zochepa. Maluwa ndi ang'ono, oyera oyera. Zipatso ndi zofiirira-zakuda.

Kuswana Mitundu:

• Vertissima (wobiriwira). Bark, masamba ndi zipatso zamtundu wowala wobiriwira;
• Variegata. Masamba ndiwobiriwira ndi masamba oyera kapena oyera letesi. Mphukira zazomera zobiriwira pang'ono pang'ono pang'ono zimasintha mtundu kukhala utoto. Zipatso zake zili pafupifupi zakuda;
• Mitchii (Mitch). Masamba amakhala obiriwira amtundu wamtambo wofiirira.

Zithunzi Zazithunzi: Kubzala Magazi a Redwoods ofiira magazi

Maluwa agalu

Dziko lakelo ndi North America. Mtengo wotsika umasiyanitsidwa ndi korona wonyezimira kwambiri. M'dzinja, masamba amagwa, asanasinthe mtundu kuchokera kubiriwira kukhala wofiirira.

Kutengera ndi izi, obereketsa adatulutsa:

• A Cherokee Chief. Mtengo wamtali wa 4-5 m, maluwa amtundu wofiira kwambiri;
• Rubra Masamba pachomera chimodzi amapakidwa utoto utoto osiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku pastel yotuwa mpaka kapezi.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: Kutulutsa maluwa ndi mitundu yake

Galu

Amakhala ku North America. Wokondedwa, amakula makamaka m'mphepete mwa mitsinje. Mbali yodziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mphukira zambiri zapansi. Kutalika kwa tchire kumakhala mpaka 2,5 mamita. Mphukira ndi njerwa kapena ma korali amtundu, maluwa ndi oyera, zipatso zake amazipanga ndi mtundu wamtambo.

Mitundu yokongoletsa:

• Golide Woyera. Masamba ali obiriwira owala, wokhala ndi malire oyera oyera;
• Flaviramea. Zimasiyana pamlingo wokukula, korona amakhala pafupifupi wozungulira. Chikasu chimatulutsa chilimwe kusintha mtundu kukhala wobiriwira. M'dzinja, masamba (koma si onse) amaponyedwa ofiira;
• Kelsey. Kutalika kwa tchire sikupitilira 1 mita, m'mimba mwake - pafupifupi 1.5 mita. Makungwawa ndiwobiriwira ndi tint yofiirira. Masamba m'dzinja amagwira pamalowo kwa nthawi yayitali, amasintha mtundu kukhala korali kapena wofiira.

Zithunzi zojambula: mitundu yamatabwa a agalu

Dogwood Coase

Imapezeka mwachilengedwe ku Japan ndi China. Kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi 7m m. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa okongoletsera. Mukugwa, masamba amakhala ofiira.

Mitundu yotchuka:

• Nyenyezi Yagolide. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi 5-6 m, masamba masamba ndiwobiriwira ndi malo achikasu pamtsempha wapakati;
• Milky Way. Tchire limaposa 7 m, maluwa amakula, ndi miyala yoyera ya chipale chofewa.

Zithunzi Zojambula: Dogwood Coase ndi mitundu yake

Mitundu ina

Pakati wamaluwa, osati zokongoletsera zokha, komanso mitundu yambiri ya zipatso za dogwood ndiyodziwika. Zofala kwambiri ku Russia ndizomwe zimadulidwa ndi obereketsa zoweta:

1. Vavilovets. Imodzi mwa zoyambirira, zipatso zimakololedwa mu 15 Ogasiti. Zipatso zolemera 6-8 g, mu mawonekedwe a peyala. Khungu limakhala lofiirira wakuda, kuchokera kutali likuwoneka lakuda. Thupi lake ndi lofiira m'magazi; limatembenuka pinki pafupi ndi fupa.
2. Grenadier Osiyanasiyana kukhazikika ndi zipatso zochulukirapo. Zokolola zimayamba kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti. Zipatso mu mawonekedwe a silinda, wolemera 5-6 g. Khungu limakhala lonyezimira, lofiira.
3. Eugene. Nyengo zingapo zakukhwima pakatikati, mbewuzo zimakololedwa m'zaka khumi zapitazi za August kapena koyambirira kwa Seputembala. Ngakhale zipatso zokhwima kwathunthu sizimakugwa. Zipatso zimapangidwa, ngati mawonekedwe a ellipse, kupopera pang'ono pa peduncle.
4. Elena. Zosiyanasiyana kuchokera pagawo loyambirira, lodziwika ndi kukana kwambiri chisanu (mpaka-35ºº). Zipatsozo ndizopanda muyeso, pafupipafupi mawonekedwe. Zipatsozo sizigwa, ngakhale kupsa kwathunthu. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa fetus ndi 5 g, khungu limakhala lofiirira (mtundu wakuda wa subton wamitundu yambiri palibe). Kuguza kwake ndikokoma, ndi acidity pang'ono. Zosiyanasiyana ndizobala zipatso (40-45 kg kuchokera kuthengo) ndi zoyambilira (zipatso zoyambirira zaka 3 mutabzala).
5. Kostya. Chakumapeto kucha nkhuyu kucha kumapeto kwa Seputembara kapena Okutobala. Zipatso sizigwa pamtengo. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa chipatso ndi 5.5-6 g, khungu limakhala lakuda komanso lofiira.
6. Matalala Kutengera nyengo yotentha, mbewu zimakololedwa kuyambira khumi zapitazo mu Ogasiti mpaka pakati pa Seputembala. Zipatso ndizochepa kakang'ono, zolemera 3-4 g, koma kukoma kwa nkhuni ndikosavuta kwambiri - lokoma, lofanana kwambiri ndi yamatcheri. Zipatso zakupsa zimachedwa. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Coral Mark - zipatso zolemera 5-6 g, mawonekedwe ofanana ndi maula a chitumbuwa.
7. Vladimirsky. Kucha mu khumi omaliza a Ogasiti. Ili ndi zokolola zambiri (50-55 kg kuchokera ku chitsamba chachikulire) ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa mabulosi (8-10 g). Ngakhale kucha, samatha kubowoka. Kukana chilala, kutentha, matenda. Zipatso ndi cylindrical, pang'ono chidutswa.
8. Lukyanovsky. Kubala kumachitika kumapeto kwenikweni kwa Ogasiti. Zipatso monga botolo, chimodzi. Pakati kulemera kwa 6-7 g. Khungu limakhala losalala, lofiirira kwambiri.
9. Wofatsa. Zipatso zimacha mkatikati mwa Ogasiti, pachaka. Zipatso zooneka ngati peyala, chikasu chowala. Zipatso zakupsa zimawalira padzuwa, fupa limawonekera bwino. Katswiriyu ndiwofatsa, okoma komanso onunkhira. Kulemera kwa mabulosi ndi 6-7 g.Chakupatsa kwakukulu ndi 30-35 kg.
10. Chingwe. Zipatso za botolo la botolo, zolemera kupitirira 7.5 Gulani kumapeto kwa Seputembala. Khungu limakhala lofiirira, mnofu wake umakhala wakuda kwambiri. Zipatso zake ndizabwino kwambiri. 50-60 kg wa zipatso amachotsedwa pachitsamba chachikulire. Zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana ndi chilala, chisanu, matenda.
11. Semen. Zosiyanasiyana zakucha zakucha. Omwe amapanga awa ndi odziyesa okha, koma zomwe akuchita zimawonetsa kuti izi sizowona. Kukolola kumapeto kwa Seputembala kapena kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala. Cherry peel, misa yooneka ngati peyala - 6-7 g. Kukana kwamaso sikokwanira kwambiri, mpaka -20ºº.
12. Zachilendo Mitundu yakucha yakucha. Zipatso zimalemera 7-7,5 g, mawonekedwewo ndiwotalikirana, otsekemera. Khungu ndimtundu wakuda. Zipatso zakupsa sizipunthwa.
13. Alyosha. Osiyanasiyana okhala ndi kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira komanso osatetezeka. Zipatso zooneka ngati peyala, zolemera 3-4 g. Khungu limakhala loonda komanso lachikasu. Kukolola zipse mu zaka zapitazi za August.
14. Nikolka. Wopatsa kwambiri kalasi yoyamba. Zipatso zimayatsidwa pang'ono, kukhwima mwachangu pomwe zimacha. Kununkhira ndikosangalatsa, ko- mkoma. Guwa silili wandiweyani, koma lopatsa mphamvu kwambiri. Cherry peel. Kupanga - 30-35 kg.
15. Kaso. Zosiyasiyana zoyambirira, zimakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira kwambiri. Zipatso zimacha mchaka choyamba cha Ogasiti, nthawi zina ngakhale kumapeto kwa Julayi. Zokolola sizimakhudzidwa ndi nyengo. Zipatsozo ndi zazitali, zamtambo, zopangidwa ndi botolo. Khungu limakhala lakuda, pafupifupi kulemera kwake ndi 4-6 g. Zipatso zakupsa zomwe sizinonkhidwe nthawi "zifota" ndipo sizinathere pamaso pa chisanu.

Zithunzi zojambulidwa: mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamaluwa ku Russia

Kayendedwe kakang'ono ndikukonzekera

Khungubwe limakhala lonyalanyaza nthaka. Chinthu chokhacho chomwe samachigawana ndi acidization nthaka. Chifukwa chake, nkhuni za mbwa sizabzalidwe m'malo otsika ndipo pomwe nthaka yam'madzi imayandikira padziko lapansi pafupi ndi 1.5 m.Idzabweretsa zokolola zochuluka kwambiri mukadzalidwa mopendekeka koma yopatsa thanzi yomwe imadutsa bwino madzi ndi madzi.

Poyamba, chimanga ndi chomera chakumwera, chimalekezera dzuwa mwachindunji, komanso chimagwirizana ndi mthunzi. Komabe, njira yabwino kwambiri kwa iye ndiyopepuka pang'ono. Ngati palibe kuwala kokwanira, kusasinthika kwa zipatso kumachepa, zokolola zimachepa, mawonekedwe okongoletsa amitundu yosiyanasiyana amatha, "amachotsa". Mutha kuyika chitsamba pamalo otsetsereka - mwachilengedwe nthawi zambiri chimamera motere. Ndikofunika kuti musankhe malo nthawi yomweyo mpaka kalekale, chomera chomera sichimalola bwino.

Woodwood imabweretsa zokolola zambiri momwe zingakhalire, zibzalidwe pamalo otseguka ndikupatsidwa malo okwanira chakudya

Dogwood ndi chiwindi chachitali. Izi zikuyenera kukumbukiridwa posankha malo oti mubzale, kuyiyika osachepera 3-5 m kuchokera kumitengo yazipatso zina, zitsamba, nyumba. Mukabzala tchire zingapo nthawi imodzi kuti mungu uwoloke, amaikidwa pamtunda wamtali wokwanira 5m kuchokera wina ndi mnzake.

Kusankha mbande

Mbande zakubadwa zaka ziwiri zimamera bwino. Kuvomerezedwa kwa kukhalapo kwa mafupa a mafupa a 3-6. Kukula kwa thunthu kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 1.5 masentimita, kutalika kuyenera kukhala osachepera 120 cm, mizu iyenera kukhazikitsidwa, ndi mizu ingapo kutalika kwa 30 cm. Makungwa ndi osalala, opanda ming'alu, amatsika ndi "sgging". Kukhalapo kwa maluwa kumakhala koyenera. Amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi masamba ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira.

Mbande za Dogwood zimapezeka kwambiri ku nazale yodalirika kapena kwa alimi otchuka achinsinsi

Dzenje

Dzenje lakufikira la Dogwood limakonzedwa pafupifupi miyezi 1-1.5 njira isanachitike. Kuzama kwake kumayenera kukhala masentimita 75-80, mainchesi - pafupifupi mita 1. Pansi, dongo la ngalande pafupifupi masentimita 10 ndiloyenera.Dongosolo lapamwamba la dothi lachonde lomwe limachotsedwa mu dzenje limaphatikizidwa ndi humus (20-30 l), komanso nayitrogeni, potashi, mafosphoric feteleza. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kutenga carbamide (50-60 g), potaziyamu sulfate (70-80 g) ndi superphosphate yosavuta (150-180 g).

Ngati dothi lili ndi acidic, kuti asidi wobowoka asamalole, phulusa la nkhuni, phula la dolomite, ndi laimu ya 200ff.

Zida zowongolera zimatsanulidwa pansi pa dzenje la dogwood - mbewuyo sililekerera chinyezi

Mukabzala, muzu wa khosi la dogwood uyenera kuzama mu dothi ndi masentimita 3-4, kumapeto kwa njirayi, thirirani madziwo (malita 25-30 a madzi), mulch dothi lozungulira ndikudula mphukira zomwe zidalipo, ndikufupikitsa pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu.

Momwe mbewu imafalira

Amateur wamaluwa pofalitsa nkhuni pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamasamba. Koma mutha kuyesa kukulitsa chitsamba kuchokera pa mbewu. Zowona, pankhaniyi palibe chitsimikizo kuti mawonekedwe a "kholo" asungidwa.

Kuyika mizu

Mphukira za Dogwood ndi zoonda kwambiri, za nyknut, kotero kuziweramitsa pansi sizovuta. Zitha kuikidwa mumakumba osafunikira kapena kukhazikitsidwa ndi matchuni amtundu, waya. Nthambi imakutidwa ndi chosanjikiza cha humus 5-7 cm, ndikusiyirani pamwamba pomwe. Panyengo yonse yakukula, kuthirira kambiri kumafunikira. Pofika nthawi yophukira, mbande 6-8 zimayenera kuonekera. Pakatha chaka, amadzilekanitsa mosamala ndi chomeracho ndikuchiyika kumalo atsopano.

Ngati simukuphimba ndi mphukira yonse ndi dziko lapansi, koma pakati pake, mudzapeza chitsamba chimodzi chatsopano, koma champhamvu komanso chopangidwa.

Mizu yokhazikitsidwa ndi dimba imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi alimi kubzala nkhuni nthawi zambiri.

Kudula

Monga zodula, nsonga zocheperako zokha zomwe sizimadulidwa kuchokera ku zitsamba zathanzi lokha wazaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutalika kwa malekezowo ndi 12-15 masentimita, pamafunika masamba awiri okha. Dulani zinthu zodzala pakona 40 405º. Mutha kuchita izi nthawi yayitali yonse.

Zodulidwa zomwe zimayikidwa nthawi yomweyo zimayikidwa m'madzi kutentha kwa firiji kapena yankho la biostimulant iliyonse (Epin, Kornevin, succinic acid, madzi a aloe) nthawi yomweyo kwa maola 24. Masamba otsika, ngati amizidwa m'madzi, amawadula.

Yozika mizu mu moss-sphagnum kapena osakanikirana ndi peat ndi mchenga wowuma wa mitsinje, perlite, vermiculite. Zodulidwa zimabzalidwa pakona - izi zimapangitsa kuti mizu yoyambira ikhale. Kenako amaphimbidwa ndi matumba kapena mabotolo okhala ndi nthangala (sayenera kukhudza chogwirira), ndikupanga "wowonjezera kutentha". Nyengo zabwino kwambiri zozizira ndi kutentha pafupifupi 25 ° C, gawo lonyowa mosiyanasiyana, maola masana maola osachepera 10, komanso kupezeka kwa dzuwa mwachindunji.

Mizu yake imayamba kugwira ntchito yodulidwa

Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, mutha kuyamba kuchotsa "wowonjezera kutentha". Nthawi yopanda chitetezo imakhazikika pang'onopang'ono kuyambira maola 1-2 mpaka 14-16. Pambuyo pa masiku 15 mpaka 20, pabaliramo amatha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu.

M'chaka, zodula zimasungidwa kunyumba, kutsanulira pamwezi ndikuthira feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni (3-5 g / l). M'dzinja lotsatira, dogwood ikhoza kubzalidwa pansi.

Kubera

Njira yake imafuna kuti wosamalira mundawo adziwe zambiri. M'malo mwake, budding ndi katemera womwewo, koma pankhani iyi, si nthambi zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma nthambi imodzi yokula. Chonde ndi "zakutchire" mitundu yamatabwa. Kuthekera kopambana kwa njirayi, ngati zonse zachitika molondola, ndi 85-90%. Patulani kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka kugwa koyambirira.

Chowoneka cha X- kapena T chopangidwa ndi kuya kosaposa 5 mm chimapangidwa mu khungwa la chitsa ndi lumo kapena lumo. Makungwawo amawongoka. Mphukira imadulidwa kuchokera ku scion pamodzi ndi chishango chazinthu zozungulira 2-3 mm ndi mainchesi 3-4.

Chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga masamba ndikukhudza kukula pang'ono momwe mungathere

Chishango chokhala ndi impso chimayikidwa pakabowo pamtundu, chimango chonse chimakhazikika, chimakutidwa ndi zomata zomatira, tepi yomatira kapena tepi yapadera yotulutsa. Impso imakhala yotseguka. Pakatha pafupifupi mwezi, ayenera "kudzuka." Izi zikachitika, mphukira zonse pamwamba pa katemera zimachotsedwa.

Kukula tchire kwa mbewu

Kulima kwa dogwood m'njira yopanga kumatenga nthawi yayitali. Tchire zotero zimabala zipatso osapitirira zaka 8-10 mutabzala m'malo okhazikika. Komabe, njirayi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulima mbande zamtchire, zomwe kenako zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati katundu. Zochita zowonetsera: Mbeu zimamera mwachangu kuchokera ku zipatso zatsopano zosapsa pang'ono.

Mbeu zawoodwood zimatsukidwa bwino ndi zamkati kuti zisatulutse zowola

Mbewu zochotsedwa pamiyendo (zopakidwa bwino ndi zouma) zimasungidwa mu chinyontho kapena zotsekapo nyere pa kutentha kwa 5-6 ° C pachaka. Izi ndizofunikira, apo ayi kumera sikudzakhala 30%, ndipo mbande zimadikira pafupifupi zaka ziwiri.

Asanabzale, mbewuzo zimviika kwa masiku atatu mu 2% yankho la sulfuric acid kapena laimu ya hydrate, ndikusintha tsiku ndi tsiku. Kenako zimabzalidwa munthaka iliyonse kuti mbande kapena osakanikirana ndi peat ndi mchenga, woikidwa ndi masentimita 3-5. Zikhalidwezo ndizofanana ndi zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zidule mizu.

Mbande sizimasiyana pakukula kwake. M'chaka choyamba amatambalala mpaka 4-5 masentimita, chachiwiri - mpaka 12-15 cm. Zomera zoterezi zitha kusamutsidwa kale kuti zitseguke.

Kugawa chitsamba

Pogawa chitsamba, tchire za agalu okhaokha zopitilira zaka 10 zimafalikira, kuphatikiza njirayi ndi kumuika. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi mutha kulandira zipatso zatsopano 3-4. Ngati ndi kotheka, mizuyo imakhazikika, komwe nkosatheka, kudula ndi mpeni wosalala. Zilondazo zimakonkhedwa ndi choko chophwanyika, chosemedwa ndi phulusa lamatabwa. Musanabzala m'malo atsopano, mizu yowuma imadulidwa kwathunthu, yomwe yotsalayi imafupikitsidwa ndi 3-5 cm.

Masamba oyambira

Dogwood mofunitsitsa amapanga filimu yoyambira. Ndikokwanira kuzilekanitsa ndi chomera ndi kuzipititsa kumalo atsopano. Njira yake siyabwino pamtengo wolumikizidwa, chifukwa pamenepa mphukira zimapanga "zakuthengo".

Mitundu yambiri yamatabwa imapanga mphukira zoyambira

Zofunika Kusamalira

Dogwood, ngati mumamupatsa nthawi yocheperako komanso kuyesetsa, adzathokoza wolimayo ndi zokolola zapachaka komanso zambiri. Kusiya kumakhala kuthirira, kuthira feteleza ndi kudulira kwa nthawi.

Kuthirira

Zomwe chimayambira chimanga chimakhala chapamwamba, choncho zimatha kuchita kwathunthu ndi zokonda zachilengedwe. Koma ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso chilala chambiri, kuthirira kumafunikabe, makamaka pakucha zipatso. Kamodzi pa sabata ndikwanira. Chomera chomera chachikulu ndi 30 40 malita.

Chizindikiro choonekeratu kuti mbewuyo ilibe chinyezi masamba amasindikizidwa mu chubu chapakati pa mtsempha.

Kutsirira kwambiri ndiye njira yokhayo yowononga shrub. Kusasinthika kwa dogwood sikumaloleza chinyezi.

Madzi samatsanuliridwa pansi pa muzu, koma m'mizere yozungulira kapena mizere pakati pa tchire. Ngati muli ndi ukadaulo, ndibwino kuti mupange ulimi wothirira madzi akathirira. Kuwaza nkhuni za agalu si njira yabwino. Nthawi iliyonse njirayi itatha, nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi tsinde imamasulidwa ndikuya masentimita 7-10.

Kuti mbewu ikonzekere bwino nyengo yozizira, chomera chimafunikira kuthilira madzi. Mutha kuzikana ngati nthawi yophukira imakhala mvula kwambiri komanso yozizira. Malita 70-80 amadzi amathera pachitsamba chachikulire. Patulani pafupifupi milungu iwiri atatha zipatso.

Ntchito feteleza

Dogwood imapulumuka ndipo imabala chipatso popanda kuthira manyowa konse, koma kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumathandiza kuchita bwino komanso kukongoletsa. Mtengowo umayankha moyamikira ku zinthu zonse zachilengedwe komanso michere.

1. Chapakatikati, kuti upangiri wamphamvu wobiriwira, nkhuni za agalu zimafunikira nayitrogeni. Chakumapeto kwa Epulo, amathiriridwa ndi yankho la urea, potaziyamu sulfate, ammonium nitrate (15 g pa 10 l).
2. Kamodzi patatha zaka zitatu zilizonse, munthawi yomweyo ndikumasuka kwa dothi, zidebe ziwiri za humus kapena chovunda chimagawidwa pagawo loyandikira.
3. Pakucha zipatso, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu ndikofunikira. Mu Julayi ndi Ogasiti, dogwood imathiriridwa ndi superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulfate yowonjezera m'madzi (20-25 g pa 10 l). Gwero lachilengedwe la macroelements awa ndi phulusa lamatabwa, kulowetsedwa kumakonzedwa.

Kubzala kwawoodwood kumawonjezeka ngati kubzalidwa munthaka yopangidwa ndi calcium. Chifukwa chake, zaka zitatu zilizonse pansi pa chitsamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwaza ufa wa dolomite, laimu yofewa, mazira a ufa.

Dolomite ufa - deoxidizer wachilengedwe wachilengedwe, nthawi imodzimodziyo kulemeretsa nthaka ndi calcium

Kudulira

Woodwood safuna kupanga kudulira. Chokhacho chosiyana ndi mawonekedwe apangidwe, pomwe chisinthiko chosakhala chachilengedwe chimapatsidwa ku chitsamba. Mbewu mwachilengedwe imakhala ndi korona wokongola ndipo imatha kuisamalira popanda thandizo lakunja.

Tchire za Dogwood zitha kupatsidwa mawonekedwe achilendo, koma zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri popanda izo

Nthawi yomweyo, musaiwale kuyeretsa zaukhondo. Imachitika chaka chilichonse, kumayambiriro kwamasika, impso "zisanadzuke". Mukuchita izi, amachotsa nthambi zonse zomwe zafukufuku, zouma, zosemedwa ndi chipale chofewa. Mphukira zowonda zomwe zimamera pansi ndikuzama mu korona, ofooka, wopindika, kuphwanya mawonekedwe oyenera amachotsedwanso.

Pakudula gwiritsani ntchito lumo, zano zokha, mipeni, mitengo. Ngati m'mimba mwake kudula kupitirira 0,5 cm, kumatsukidwa ndi 2% yankho lamkuwa la sulfate ndikuphimbidwa ndi var vars.

Kapangidwe kake kamayenera kukhala koyera komanso kolola.

Zaka khumi ndi zisanu zilizonse, kudulira kwamphamvu kukalamba kumachitika, kuchotsa nthambi zonse za zaka 10 ndi kupitirira. Ngati zilipo zochuluka kwambiri, njirayi imatha kuwonjezeredwa kwa nyengo ziwiri. Dogwood imasunthira bwino, kuchira kwathunthu kumayambiriro kwa chaka chamawa.

Pa mitengo yolumikizidwa, mphukira zonse zimachotsedwa pansipo. Kupanda kutero, chitsamba chija "chimathanso kuthamanga."

Kanema: momwe mungadulire matabwa a dogwood

Matenda Aakulu ndi Tizilombo

Dogwood amadwala kwambiri matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa mitundu yazachilengedwe ndi kuswana hybrids. Ngati nthawi yotentha imakhala yozizira kwambiri komanso yamvula, dzimbiri limayamba kumera.

Matendawa amatha kuzindikirika mosavuta ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a safroni omwe amawonekera mkati mwa masamba. Pang'onopang'ono zimayamba kufooka, kusintha mtundu kukhala mkuwa kapena dzimbiri. Popewa, dogwood imapakidwa madzi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi 1% yankho la Bordeaux fluid kapena sulfate yamkuwa. Nditapeza zodziwika ndi izi, fangayi aliyense amagwiritsidwa ntchito (Skor, Chorus, Kuprozan, Abiga-Peak). Nthawi zambiri zokwanira 2-3 mankhwala ndi imeneyi ya masiku 7-10.

Pofuna kuthana ndi dzimbiri, komanso mafungo ena ambiri okhala ndi zida, makonzedwe okhala ndi mkuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mwa tizirombo, nkhuni za agalu nthawi zina zimatha kuyambitsa nyongolotsi. Ziphuphu za tchire pachitsamba zitha kukhala zolakwika chifukwa cha owaza. Zomera zomwe zimasokonekera zimasanduka zachikaso, zowuma ndi kugwa, mphukira zimasokonekera, chitsamba chimasiya kukula. Pa prophylaxis, nkhuni za agalu zimapukutidwa kamodzi pakatha masiku 12 mpaka 15 ndi phulusa la nkhuni, choko chophwanyika, sulufule yokhotakhota, ndi fodya wopindika. Atapeza tizirombo, Mospilan, Confidor-Maxi amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Nyongolotsi zimadyera pa madzi a chomera

Zambiri za kulima kwa nkhuni m'magawo osiyanasiyana a Russia

Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitengo yambiri, chitsamba ichi chimatha kubzalidwa m'madera ambiri a Russia, potengera izi:

1. Zipatso za Dogwood zimacha kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake, zigawo zakumpoto za Russia, komanso mzere wapakati, mitundu yomwe ikukhwima koyambirira iyenera kusankhidwa (Vavilovets, Elena, Elegant).
2. Nthawi yoyenera kubzala nkhuni ku zigawo zakum'mwera ndi pafupifupi pakati pa Okutobala (masabata awiri 2-3 isanayambike chisanu). M'madera akumpoto, mwambowu umayenera kukonzedwa kale. Chapakatikati, dogwood imabzalidwa nthawi zambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa choti nthawi yamasamba yobzala mbewu imayamba molawirira, madera ambiri m'nthaka nthawi imeneyi ilibe nthawi yotentha yokwanira.
3. Mabasi omwe amakhala m'madera omwe ali ndi malo otentha sayenera malo othawirako nyengo yachisanu. Kusiyana kwake ndi mbande zazing'ono zosakwana zaka 5. Ndikwabwino kuti zibzike mizu pokhazikitsa pansi kapena kutalika kwa masentimita 15 kumapeto kwa chitsamba. M'madera omwe kumatentha kwambiri, nyengo yachisanu imatha kutentha komanso kutentha kwambiri osazizira kwambiri. Popewa kuzizira, tchire tating'ono timakutidwa ndi makatoni okhala ndi kukula koyenera, otetezedwa ndi udzu, zokutira, utuchi. Zomera zazikulu zimamanga nthambi zidutswa zingapo ndikukulunga chitsamba ndi zigawo zingapo za chophimba chilichonse chomwe chimalola mpweya kudutsa. Posachedwa chisanu chikugwa, itaunda ndi chipale chofewa. M'nyengo yozizira imakonzedwanso kangapo, momwe matalala amakhazikika. Kwa zigawo zakumpoto, ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yosagwa ndi agalu (Elena, Svetlyachok, Alyosha).

Ndemanga zamaluwa

Mukabzala nkhuni pakati pa Russia, ndiye kuti kumaliraku kumayambira koyambirira, ngati mungabzale kumwera (mwachitsanzo, ku Crimea), ndiye nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi nthawi yophukira, pomwe mbande zimatha kuzika mizu, kuchiritsa mizu yowonongeka ndikukhazikitsa mizu yaying'ono kumayambiriro thanani ndi chilala cham'mawa choyambirira ndi mphepo zowuma. Ndiphatikiza: m'minda yolimidwa, kukumba ndikukula mabowo ndikofunikira kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi - kasupe kuti adzalidwe m'dzinja komanso nthawi yophukira - masika. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kwadziwika kuti nkhuni za nthawi yozizira zimakhala zolimba kwambiri pakati pa Russia; zimathandizanso ku Moscow ndi m'chigawo cha Moscow. Ndinawerenga kuti dogwood imatha kupirira nthawi yayitali yozizira kwambiri - kuposa -30 ° C ndipo imapezeka kumapeto kwa St. KOMA! Ndikudziwa anthu omwe amalima nkhuni m'matawuni, koma pazifukwa zina samabala zipatso. Kummwera (mwachitsanzo, ku Kuban ndi m'chigawo cha Rostov) dogwood sikuti amauma, koma nthawi zambiri amavutika ndi chilala cha chilimwe komanso mphepo zowuma.

Evgen//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/13181/

Woodwood wanga ukukula bwino! Kanyumba 20 km kumpoto kwa Moscow. Kutengedwa ku Crimea pang'ono mmera, anakumbidwa m'mapiri. Anabzala kumadzulo kwa mpanda wopanda kanthu. Mwanjira imeneyi mu 2002. Kuyambira pamenepo, chitsamba chakula bwino, ndikukankha. Lero ndi tchire lalitali mamita awiri mulifupi mwake. Koma samabala chipatso. Ndawerenga kuti mufunika masamba osachepera awiri, kuti mudzatha kudzipatsa. Sindinawonepo pachimake, koyambirira sitipita kukanyumba.

ElenaOK//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/13181/page-4

Dogwood imakula ndikubereka zipatso. Koma mwina amafunika kupukuta mungu. Ndidamera tchire limodzi, limaphuka bwino, koma sizinabala zipatso zambiri - zipatso kapena zipatso zingapo. Ndidamugulira zakudya zamtundu wina. Izi zosinthika nthawi zonse zimazizira, ndipo sizinakule pamwamba pa chipale chofewa. Ndipo tchire langa silinali lopanda tanthauzo - zipatsozo siziri zazikulu, zidakula msanga msanga, kutalika kwa 2,5 m ndidadula kuti ndizidule.

Barabasi//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/13181/page-4

Mitundu yabwinobwino yaudya imatha kudyedwa, koma, m'malingaliro mwanga, ichi ndi chomera chokha chomwe sichiyenera kusamalidwa konse. Tikukula, kokha ngati - kapena chisanu sichowopsa, kapena kutentha. Zowona, ndowa ziwiri zamadzi zidathiridwa pachilala chomwe chimakhala miyezi iwiri, kuti zisaume.

Kolya//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=694

Pakati pa mitengo yazipatso chakum'mwera, nkhuni zamaluwa ndizozizira kwambiri. Imabala bwino zipatso za Donbass nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Dogwood ndi mtengo wopukutira mungu. Maluwa okongola. Kusokoneza kumachitika makamaka ndi njuchi. Nthawi zina za nkhuni sizimabala zipatso, chifukwa chakuti xenogamous kupukusidwa ndizovomerezeka, momwe maluwa amodzi amapukutidwa ndi mungu wina. Podzipukuta nokha, zipatso sizomangidwa. Kuonetsetsa kuti zokolola zazitali za nkhuni zimavomerezeka, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika mbewu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kudzera mzere. Mitundu yonse yamaluwa yokhala ndi maluwa omwewo imakhala yopukutidwa bwino. Nthawi yamaluwa amitundu imodzi imagwirizana, kusiyana kwa maluwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala masiku 1-3. Maluwa oyambilira, mikhalidwe ya Kiev, imagwera nyengo kuyambira kumapeto kwa Marichi mpaka pakati pa Epulo, mpaka masamba ataphuka pamtunda wa kutentha kwa 5-9ºº.Nthawi zambiri maluwa amatuluka ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha, koma sizimakhudza zipatso, zipatso za chimanga zambiri pachaka.

Sergey Donetsk//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=694

Ndakhala ndikupita kumunda kuyambira kumapeto kwa Marichi sabata iliyonse, ndipo ndikuyang'ana masamba omwe ali mugalasi lopukutira bwino, kuti ndi mphamvu zanga zonse ndisadzaphonye maluwa. Tchire limakula bwino, palibe zodandaula pakukula, ngakhale, munganene, kukongoletsa, masamba ndi okongola. Koma zodziwonetsa kuti ndife osabereka sikusangalatsanso.

IrinaNN//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1817

Mtengo wanga wamaluwa umakula pafupifupi zaka zisanu ndi zitatu, ndikutalika kwa 2 metres, panthawiyi ndimadulidwa maulendo awiri, malekezero a zophukira za pachaka amawuma pang'ono, amatulutsa pafupipafupi, koma kwambiri, kwambiri, palibe njuchi zikuwuluka, palibe nthawi yoti njuchi igwire, kulibe zipatso, mwina .

AndreyV//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1817

Dogwood ndi chomera chosasinthika chomwe chili ndi zipatso zothandiza kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe. Kutengera chikhalidwe choyambirira chomwe chimakonda kutentha, obereketsa apeza mitundu yolimbana ndi chisanu, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wokulitsa nkhuni ndi kututa ku Russia yambiri. Komanso, maubwino ake osakayikitsa akuphatikiza chitetezo chokwanira kwambiri cha matenda ambiri achikhalidwe cham'madzi komanso kusowa kwa mavuto ndi kubereka.