Asparagus ndi nthumwi yochititsa chidwi ya banja la Asparagus, yomwe nthawi zambiri imasimbidwa ngati mtundu wosiyana wa Asparagus. Chomera chimakula bwino m'munda. Mitundu yake ina imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika.
Kuchokera ku mbiri yakuwonekera
Mbiri ya kulima katsitsumzukwa inayamba zaka zoposa 3,000. Aigupto adaganizira zaumwini ndipo anali otsimikiza kuti mtengowo umathandizira kupitilira kwa mtundu wa anthu.
Agiriki akale amayika zipsera za phula pakama kwa anthu omwe angokwatirana kumene, kuti athe kubereka mwana posachedwa.
Zovala zodzikongoletsera zimawoneka zachilendo kwambiri
Munthawi ya Roma Wakale, mmera simunagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mwambo chabe ndipo unkadyedwa mwachangu ngati chakudya. Kwa nthawi yayitali, masamba sanali kupeza wamba koma ankangodya patebulo la mfumu ya Roma. Zomwe bizinesiyo idabwera ku Europe m'zaka za zana la 15, sizidapezekanso ndi anthu wamba kwa nthawi yayitali.
Zofunika! Masiku ano, ngakhale pali anthu omwe sadziwa kuti katsitsumzukwa ndi katsitsumzukwa ali mbewu yomweyo, kukula kwa masamba m'munda kumakhala kofala. Wofunsira aliyense ali ndi mwayi wotumikira katswiri pagome.
Momwe ma katsitsumzukwa amawakhalira
Popeza chikhalidwechi chimachokera ku madera otentha omwe amakhala ndi chinyezi, ambiri amakhala ndi chidwi ndi funso loti momwe ma avaragus amabisalira. Ngakhale mizu yake yakumwera, katsamba wa m'munda amatha kulekerera nyengo yozizira yaku Russia. Mu nthawi yophukira, mbewuyo imataya masamba ake obiriwira, kotero kuti mu nthawi yophukira imayambiranso kubadwanso ndi ma rhizomes amphamvu komanso athanzi.
Kodi mbewu imawoneka bwanji
Chitsamba chimakutidwa kwathunthu ndi nthambi zooneka ngati singano zomwe zimapereka mawonekedwe okongoletsa. Maluwa ake siali apadera - ali aang'ono komanso amakongola. Asparagus asparagus amatha kukula mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka. Chikhalidwe chimadziwika ndi mizu yopangidwa ndi mizu yopingasa. Chipatsochi chimawoneka ngati mabulosi okhala ndi nthangala zingapo zamkati.
Mitundu wamba
Pali mitundu yopitilira 300 yamapira. Si onse omwe ali oyenera kubzala munyumba kapena m'minda. Pakubzala mu nyumbayo, mitundu yotsatirayi ndiyabwino.
Asparagus Meyer
Ichi ndi chitsamba chophatikiza bwino, chomwe chimapezeka nyama zamtchire ku Asia. Kutalika kwa mbewu sikopitilira theka la mita. Mphesa yamtunduwu imakula bwino m'lifupi mukakula, chifukwa imadziwika ndi nthambi.
Asparagus Meyer ndiwofatsa
Cirrus katsitsumzukwa
Wina wobiriwira wamuyaya womwe ungasangalale pazenera la nyumbayo uli ndi nthambi zabwino zokhotakhota. Masamba ake mawonekedwe ake amafanana kwambiri ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono. Zomwe zimayambira zimakutidwa, zimakula m'magulu. Masamba osiyanasiyana ndi oyera nthenga, ochepa.
Crescent Asparagus
Crescent asparagus ndi mpesa, kutalika kwake, mwa chisamaliro choyenera, kumatha kufikira mita 7 kutalika. Mtengowo wabzala nthambi zazing'onoting'ono, momwe zimakhomera kumathandizo ndikulowera dzuwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya katsitsumzukwa koyenera kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera. Zitha kubzyala bwino m'malo obisalamo, m'malo osungirako zachilengedwe, m'minda yamasamba ndi minda. Mitundu yayikulu yamadimba ndikuphatikizapo mitundu iyi.
Medicine Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis)
Medicara katsitsumzukwa ndi dioecious herbaceous biennial chomera, kukula pafupifupi mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka kutalika. Ali ndi zitsamba zowongoka, yokutidwa ndi chuma chambiri. Masamba a mbewu amatalika, ali ndi masikelo ang'ono. Maluwa oyera pamiyendo yakutali.
White katsitsumzukwa
Kulima masamba oyera mchiwopsezo mdziko muno kuli kogwira ntchito makamaka. Ndi chitsamba chobiriwira chamuyaya. Mitundu iyi sikuti imangopezeka kokha popanga mankhwala, koma imathandizanso kuphika.
Mtengowo umakula kufika pamtunda wa mamita awiri, uli ndi njira zambiri za singano ndipo uli ndi mizu yolimba yomwe imapanga masamba ophuka.
Green katsitsumzukwa
Wina katsabola wakudya ndi masamba obiriwira. Chitsambachi chimakhala chobzala chokhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono komanso osakhwima. Maluwa nawonso ndi ochepa. Pophika, zikumera zachikhalidwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ntchito yophika
Popeza mumvetsetsa kuti katsitsumzukwa ndi katsitsumzukwa nthawi zonse chimakhala chomera chimodzi, muyenera kudziwa momwe mbewuzo zimagwiritsidwira ntchito molondola pokonza mbale zingapo.
Asparagus amadziwika ndi kukoma kwabwino, chifukwa chake, amapezeka kwambiri pantchito yophika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito paphikidwe komanso zosaphika Chomera chimatha kuwiritsa, kukazinga, kuphika ndi zamzitini. Mitundu yobiriwira yophika imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Njira yosavuta kuphika kuchokera ku mphukira zazing'ono. Sakufunika kuti azisenda. Kuphatikiza apo, kuphika kwawo kumafuna nthawi yocheperako. Ngati tizingolankhula zoyera za katsitsidwe ka kuphika, masamba amafunika kukonzekera koyambirira asanagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphika. Iyenera kutsukidwa bwino m'madzi ozizira ndikudula maziko onse olimba.
Ambiri sagula katsitsumzukwa, osadziwa kuphika. Asparagus amayenda bwino ndi masamba aliwonse, nsomba, nkhuku, nyama, tchizi, angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mbale yakumbuyo kapena monga mbale yayikulu.
Zofunika! Asparagus amawombera, kutengera mtundu wa makonzedwe, mutenge nthawi yosiyananso. Cook katsitsumzukwa ayenera kukhala mphindi 8, nthunzi - mphindi 15, mwachangu - mphindi 5, kuphika - mphindi 20. Pafupifupi zonunkhira zilizonse zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati abwenzi.
Kubzala kunja ndi chisamaliro
Kuti atukule chitsamba cha katsitsumzukwa m'nyumba mwake, ayenera kupereka chisamaliro choyenera. Zomerazi zimayenera kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi ndi nthawi, nthawi zokulira, nthawi yozizira ikayamba kuyandikira, manyowa ndi mulch pofuna kupewa kuzizira kwa mizu.
Chisamaliro makamaka mukamakula mbewu ziyenera kuperekedwa ku dothi komanso kuvala pamwamba
Dothi la katsitsumzukwa liyenera kukhala chisakanizo cha zinthu zotsatirazi:
- munda wamaluwa (magawo awiri);
- humus (gawo limodzi);
- mchenga (gawo limodzi).
Ngati angafune, katsitsumzukwa amathiriridwa nthangala
Ngati kubzala kulibe poyera, koma mumphika pawindo, mutha kugula gawo lapansi lakapangidwe ka maluwa mkati ndi kuwonjezera kwa perlite.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa chikhalidwe m'chilimwe ndi masika. Pakupuma, feteleza safunikira makamaka chomera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yachilengedwe yowonjezeredwa ndi kuchuluka komwe kumapangidwa ndi wopanga. Mankhwala othandizira a nayitrogeni sayenera kuzunzidwa. Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha nthawi yomwe kukula kwazomera kwambiri kwambiri.
Kubalana wa katsitsumzukwa
Tchire limafalikira makamaka ndi njere kapena kugawanika.
Kumera kwa mbeu
Kumera mbewu kumafunanso izi:
- Nthaka yosakanizika ndi feteleza imathiridwa m'chidebe.
- Gawani mbewu mmenemo patali pafupifupi 3 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
- Wowaza nyemba pang'ono ndi dothi.
- Valani chidacho ndi polyethylene.
- Valani pazenera
- Onjezani kutentha nyengo.
- Nthawi ndi nthawi muziwunikira wowonjezera kutentha.
- Tsiku lililonse, dothi limapoperedwa ndi madzi kuchokera kutsitsi.
- Pezani mphukira yoyamba.
- Mbewu zikafika masentimita 10, mbewuzo zimaziika m'miphika ingapo.
Asparagus - chokoma komanso chopatsa thanzi
Gawo la Rhizome
Nthawi zambiri, katsitsumzukwa imafalitsidwa ndi magawidwe a ma rhizomes. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta. Aliyense, ngakhale woyambitsa dimba, azitha kugawanitsa nthambizo m'tchire m'magawo angapo, powonetsetsa kusamala.
Chitsamba chilichonse chatsopano chimagwedezeka kuti zichotse dothi lapansi ndikuyikamo chidebe china.
Thirani
Kuika ndi katsitsumzukwa kumachitika ngati mbewu ina iliyonse. Vuto lomwe mungakumane nalo ndi mizu yamphamvu komanso yolimba. Chifukwa cha ichi, zimakhala zovuta kuchotsa chomera m'nthaka. Mutha kuthana ndi vutoli poyambira kunyowetsa pansi bwino. Chitsamba chizikhala chosavuta, chitha kusunthidwa mosavuta kupita kumalo atsopano.
