Matenda ndi tizirombo ta mavwende: timazindikira ndi kulimbana, komanso timaletsa maonekedwe ake

Mlimi aliyense amene amalima mavwende m'dera lake nthawi ina amakumana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ta mavwende. Zitha kuyambitsa mbewuyo, chifukwa chake muyenera kuphunzira njira zothanirana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo.

Matenda a Watermelon

Matenda osiyanasiyana ammbeu amachepetsa lochuluka. Ena amathanso kusiya wosamalira mundawo wopanda zipatso pa nthawi yolimapo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa mbewuzo ndikuzidziwa momwe mungazisungire mukazindikira zizindikiro zokayikitsa.

Fusarium

Matendawa amayambitsidwa ndi bowa yemwe umalowa mu mizu ya mapira. Choyamba, mawanga ang'onoang'ono a lalanje amawoneka pamizu, omwe amalimbitsidwa ndi zokutira pinki. Matendawa akamakula, mizu yake imakhala yakuda, m'munsi mwa tsinde, masamba amasanduka achikasu, amawuma ndikugwa. Chitsamba chimafooka ndikuleka kukula.

Fusarium - imodzi mwazakudya zoyipa komanso zofala za fungon za mavwende

Ndikosatheka kuzindikira fusarium kumayambiriro, chifukwa mbewu zimakhudzidwa kuchokera kumizu. Zizindikiro zakunja za matendawa zikuwoneka pa chivwende, zikutanthauza kuti wayamba kale ndipo sangathe kuthandizidwa. Zimangotulutsa zitsamba zodwala ndikuthira dothi ndi yankho la mkuwa wamkuwa. Ndipo mbewu zina zonsezo zimatsanulira popewa fungicides.

Ndamva kwa agogo anga aakazi, omwe amakulitsa mavwende moyo wawo wonse, kuti chifukwa chakufota kwa mavwende ndikusokosera kwa nthaka ndi kuzizira kwa nthaka mpaka 16-18^zaC. Chifukwa chake, tsopano ndikusamalira mavwende mwakhama kuti ndipewe matenda. Ndipo popewa mukakolola, muzichotsa pamalowo ndikuwononga mbali zouma zapa waya ndikuthira dothi.

Anthracnose

The causative wothandizila matendawa ndi bowa. Imadziwoneka ngati masamba owoneka achikaso ndi otuwa pamasamba. Pambuyo pake amakula ndikuphimbidwa ndimitengo yachikasu. Pambuyo pake, mawanga amasanduka zilonda zakuda zomwe zimafalikira kumitengo ndi zipatso. Masamba owuma, mavwende amakhala opunduka, amasiya kukula ndi kuvunda.

Anthracnose amakhudza makamaka mavwende nthawi yamvula.

Anthracnose amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi 1% yankho la Bordeaux fluid (1 g ya zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito pa 100 ml ya madzi). Tchire liyenera kuthandizidwa mofananamo: mankhwalawa amangogwira pomwe adafika. Ndondomeko ikuchitika katatu ndi imeneyi ya masiku 7-10. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides (Tsineb, Kuprozan) malinga ndi malangizo. Nthaka iyenera kupakidwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda 2% ya potaziyamu permanganate (2 g ya mankhwala pa 100 ml ya madzi) kapena sulfate yamkuwa (supuni 1 ya mankhwalawa malita 10 a madzi). Kwa chitsamba 1, 1.5 l yankho ndikokwanira. Nthaka imakhetsedwa mozungulira chomera kamodzi. Kupalira mosamala ndikachotsa masamba ndi zitsamba zimakhudzanso.

Kuyambira pachiwonetsero choyamba cha anthracnose, zinaonekeratu kuti matendawa ndi owopsa kwa mavwende, chifukwa amatha kuwononga mbewu kwathunthu. Sitinadziwitse za matenda apanthawi yake komanso fungicides sizinathandize kupulumutsa. Chifukwa chake, kunali kofunikira kupukutira mbewu zomwe zakhudzidwa ndikuziwotcha. Tsopano timayesetsa kutsatira njira zodzitetezera: timalowetsa njere ku Skor, Tiram kapena Ridomil Golide ndikusintha ma tchire a Kuproksat katatu pachaka.

Cuproxate ndi prophylactic yolumikizana ndi fungosis yopangidwa kuteteza zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.

Zovunda

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi fungal matenda atha kukhala osiyana kutentha, chinyezi, kuthirira mwamphamvu ndi mayankho a nthaka. Zizindikiro za kuvunda kwa mizu ndikulira m'malo akuda bii pansi pa tsinde ndi pa mphukira. Mizu yake imayamba kukula, kusweka, ndipo nkhope zawo zimasweka kukhala ulusi. Masamba amasanduka achikasu, kufota, mbewu imafa.

Muzu woyamba umakhudza mizu, kenako mbewu zonsezo

Mutha kuchiza matendawa pokhapokha pomwe akuwonekera, atadutsa kwambiri, tchire likuyenera kuwonongeka. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, ndipo madzi amasinthidwa ndi yankho la pinki la potaziyamu permanganate. Mizu imachotsedwa panthaka ndikuthiridwa ndi mkuwa wa sulfate ndi phulusa lamatabwa (8 g ndi 20 g, motero, mpaka 0,5 l lamadzi). Pakapita kanthawi, mavwende amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi metalaxyl kapena mefenoxam. Kumwaza ndikofunikira katatu pakatha sabata ziwiri zilizonse.

Tidali ndi mwayi: mavwende athu alibe mizu yoola. Koma oyandikana nawo pachimangacho adataya zoposa theka la zokolola. Popewa zowola, njere ziyenera kudulidwa zisanalowe mu 0,2525% ya sodium sulfate, mkuwa wa sulfate kapena 1% yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Ndipo ndikofunikira kuwaza khosi mizu sabata iliyonse ndi choko chophwanyika ndikumwaza zitsamba ndi yankho la 0% Fundazole.

Simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza omwe amakhala ndi chlorine: chifukwa cha iwo, mizu ya chivwende imafooka.

Wowonera bakiteriya

Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya omwe tizilombo timene timabweretsa. Amaswana pamtunda wopitilira 30^zaC ndi chinyezi 70%. Zizindikiro za mawanga ndi malo amadzimadzimadzimadzimadzi okongola. Pambuyo pake zimakula, kuphatikiza, masamba amasanduka akuda, chitsamba chimafa. Kukula kozungulira kwakuda kumaonekera pa mavwende.

Palibe makonzedwe ochizira mavwende pakuwona mabakiteriya, tchire loyambukiridwa liyenera kuwonongeka

Kumayambiriro kwa matendawo, chitsamba chimatha kupulumutsidwa. Kuti muchite izi, dulani masamba onse omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zowonongeka pang'ono. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndigwire gawo la tsamba labwino (0.5 cm). Pakadulidwa lirilonse, mpeni umayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mowa. Ngati njira zotere sizipereka chilichonse, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imawonongeka. Dothi liyenera kuyeretsedwa.

Ndisanayambe kuyeseza mavwende, ndimayenera kuphunzira mabuku ambiri paulimi wa mavwende. Ndidali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi kupewa matenda, chifukwa ndikudziwa kuti ndizosavuta kupewa matenda kusiyana ndi kuchiza pambuyo pake. Chifukwa chake, ndimakumba nyemba ndisanabzale mu yankho la Fitosporin, ndimayeretsa majeremusi m'nthaka ndi Trichopolum (piritsi 1 mumalita awiri amadzi) Ndipo nthawi yachilimwe, ndimapopera tchire ndi Gamair (masiku 20 aliwonse).

Powdery mildew

Ngati masamba, zipatso za mazira oyera zikuwoneka ndi zolengeza zofanana ndi ufa, ndiye kuti chikhalidwecho chimayambukiridwa ndi powdery mildew. Matendawa amayambitsanso bowa. Popita nthawi, kuwalako kumakhala bulauni, kokhazikika, ndimadzimadzi amadzimadzimadzimadzi kumatulutsa. Zovuta za tchire zimasanduka zachikasu. Zipatsozo ndizopunduka ndikuvunda.

Powdery mildew imafalikira msanga panthawi yozizira komanso nyengo yonyowa

Ngati zizindikiro za Powoy Powole zimapezeka, muyenera kukonza matchire pogwiritsa ntchito kuyimitsidwa 25% kwa Caratan. Topaz, Planriz, Bayleton nawonso adziwonetsa bwino. Musanayambe kukonza, kudula ndi kuwotcha mbali zovomerezeka za chivwende.

Topaz ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yothandiza kuikira mbewu yomwe imateteza mbewu ku matenda ambiri oyamba ndi fungus.

Kanema: Mankhwala oteteza ndi kuwongolera a ufa

Downy khosi

Ichi ndi matenda fungal. Masamba kumbali yakutsogolo amaphimbidwa ndi mafuta owongoka omwe amawoneka amtundu wachikaso. Ndipo kuchokera pansi, mawonekedwe a utoto wofiirira pa iwo. Masamba amawuma, kuwuma. Zipatso zimasiya kukula, kusinthika, kusakhala zopanda pake, thupi limataya mtundu wake.

Kukula kwa downy mildew kumalimbikitsidwa ndi chinyezi chachikulu, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha, chifunga, mame ozizira, kuthirira mbewu ndi madzi ozizira, ndipo m'malo obiriwira pamakhalanso chovundikira pa filimu kapena galasi

Popeza ndazindikira zoyamba, ndikofunikira kuchitira tchire ndi yankho la sulufule ya colloidal (70 g pa ndowa imodzi). Njira zomwezi ziyenera kuthiriridwa ndi nthaka. Ngati zizindikiro za matendawa sizinathere, ndiye kuti yikani Strobi, Polycarbacin, Quadris.

Nthawi zambiri kumakhala zachiwawa m'chigawo chathu. Chifukwa chake, downy mildew ndimwambo wamba. Kuti ndipewe, ndimachepetsa mbewu za mavwende ndisanabzale kwa kotala la ola limodzi m'madzi otentha (50^zaC) Ndipo kamodzi pamwezi ndimathirira dimba ndi Fitosporin (ndimapanga mankhwalawa mankhwalawa kawiri poyerekeza ndi malangizo).

Zola zowola

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ndi fungus yomwe imayambitsa mapangidwe a matendawa. Zimafalikira nyengo yozizira komanso chinyezi chachikulu. Masamba otsika amakhala amadzanja, otuluka. Utoto woyera wofanana ndi ubweya wa thonje umadziwika pa iwo. Pambuyo pake imakhala yowuma komanso yamdima. Pamwamba pa chitsamba wilts, akuwombera, kuvunda.

Ngati chitsamba chochuluka chimavutika ndi zowola zoyera, ndiye kuti mbewuyo iwonongeka

Tazindikira matendawa, mbali zonse za kachilombo zimadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa-kachilombo. Magawo ayenera kuwazidwa ndi colloidal sulfure kapena adamulowetsa kaboni. Zomera zimagwiridwa katatu ndipo zimatha masiku 7 ndi fungicides (Topaz, Acrobat MC).

Gray zowola

Mafangayi omwe amayambitsa matendawa amakhala zaka zingapo pachakudya chomera pansi. Koma imvi zowola zimayamba pokhapokha pazoyenera: mu kuzizirira komanso kusakhazikika. Pa chivwende, masamba, masamba owoneka ngati abulauni, wokutidwa ndi utoto wokuyera ndi timadontho tating'ono tating'ono.

Gray zowola zimakhudza mbali zonse za mbewu: masamba, masamba, zipatso

Ngati matendawa sanayambike, ndiye mavwende amapulumutsidwa ndi chithandizo ndi Teldor, Topaz, Sumileks. Mutha kukonza choko kuchokera ku choko chophwanyika ndi yankho la mkuwa wamkuwa (2: 1).

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala marigolds, masamba a mpiru, calendula mozungulira vwende. Zomera izi zimabisalira ma phytoncides omwe amapha fungus.

Calendula samangokongoletsa malowa, komanso amapulumutsa mavwende ku zowola za imvi

M'banja lathu, kupulumutsa mbewu ku imvi zowola, yankho limagwiritsidwa ntchito: 10 malita a madzi, 1 g ya potaziyamu sodium, 10 g wa urea ndi 2 g amkuwa sulphate. Pokhapokha kupopera mbewuyo mbewuzo zisamachotsedwepo.

Matenda a Mose

Matendawa amatha kuoneka ngati masamba. Pambuyo pake, mbale zamasamba zimasweka, ziuma, ndipo chitsamba chimaleka kukula. Pa zipatso za chivwende ukufalikira, ma tubercles, utoto wamtoto zimawonedwa.

Matenda a Mose amabweretsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mavwende a mavwende

Matendawa amatha kupatsirana ndi tizirombo, imafalikira kudzera mu mbewu, zida zoyambukiridwa. Palibe mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa. Koma pozindikira za matendawa munthawi yake, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Karbofos. Pukusani mbewu 2 kawiri ndi gawo la sabata limodzi.

Dzimbiri

Matendawa amayambitsidwa ndi bowa wa dzimbiri. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matendawa ndikuwoneka pachitsamba cha ma tubercle a bulauni amitundu ndi kukula kwake. Pambuyo pake zimasokonekera ndipo ufa wosakhazikika umatulutsa mwa iwo - spores ya bowa. Matendawa amakula chifukwa chanyontho kapena kuchuluka kwa feteleza wa nayitrogeni.

Dzimbiri limayambitsa kufa kwa masamba, komanso pakavulaza kwambiri - ndi mbali zina za mbewu

Matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa mothandizidwa ndi fungicides Topaz, Strobi, Vectra, Bordeaux fluid. Choyamba muyenera kudula masamba ndi mphukira zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Maolivi oonerera

Matendawa amayambitsa bowa. Zimapweteketsa chipatsocho. M'malo mwake mumatuluka timadziti tadzimadzi tomwe timatulutsa maolivi. Kuwaza kumatulira masamba ndi zimayambira, zimasandulika. Mu masiku 5 mpaka 10, chitsamba chimatha kufa kwathunthu.

Mawonekedwe a azitona amakhudza mbali zonse za mlengalenga.

Malo omwe maolivi amatulutsa ndi zinyalala zam'mera, kachilombo komwe kamapitilirabe mpaka zaka zitatu.

Ngati zizindikiro za matendawa zapezeka, tchire liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi 1% Bordeaux fluid. Gawo lotsogola limathandizidwa ndi Oxychom, Abiga-Peak, kuchizira mavwende katatu ndi gawo la sabata limodzi.

Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza Matenda

Mavwende amakhala ndi matenda ambiri omwe amawavuta kupewa kuposa kuchiritsa. Chifukwa chake, mlimi aliyense yemwe amalima njuchi pamunda wake ayenera kukumbukira malamulo angapo ofunika kuti ateteze mbewu yake:

1. Mlimiyo amayenera kuyang'ana mbewuzo tsiku lililonse kuti zisinthe. Poyambirira matendawa, zimakhala zosavuta kuchiritsa.
2. Nthaka isanafesere mbewu iyenera kupetedwa. Amayatsidwa, imasungidwa mufiriji, imakhazikika mu uvuni.
3. Mbewu za watermelon ziyenera kusungunuka ndi yankho la 1% ya potaziyamu.
   

   Chithandizo cha njere zokhala ndi potaziyamu permanganate sikuti zimangodziyetsa zokha, komanso zimathandizira ma michere

4. Onetsetsani kuti mukuchotsa zinyalala za mbewu pamalowo: tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amatha kukhalapobe kwa zaka zingapo.
5. Ndikofunikira kusankha malo owunikiridwa komanso otseguka bwino kuti mukukula kwa vwende, pomwe izi zisanachitike, ma gourour, mbewu za maungu, ndi nkhaka sizinakulidwe kwa zaka zosachepera 3-4.
6. Zomera zibzalidwe momasuka zikafesedwa. Chifukwa chake mabakiteriya sangathe kufalikira mwachangu.
7. Mukakulitsa mavwende, musaiwale za kulima pafupipafupi. Chitani izi mutathirira kapena mvula iliyonse kuti muzitha kutulutsa bwino mizu.
8. Kuvala kwapamwamba ndi gawo lofunikira posamalira mavwende.
   

   Feteleza amapereka mbewu zazikulu ndi zazikulu zazikulu, ndipo tchire lolimba silingadwale matenda
9. Kuthirira tchire ndikofunikira pansi pa muzu, kupewa chinyezi pamasamba. Madzi ayenera kukhala ofunda.
10. Ndikofunika kuthandizira kupewa ndi fungicides omwe amateteza mbewu ku matenda osiyanasiyana oyamba ndi fungus.

Kanema: Kuteteza matendawa

Watermelon Tizilombo

Mavwende sangathe kupweteka, komanso kukhudzidwa ndi tizirombo. Ambiri aiwo amakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, motero ayenera kumenyedwa.

Nsabwe za m'masamba

Ma nsabwe ndi tizilombo timene timakhazikika mkati mwa tsamba, maluwa, mavwende, kuwamatirira kwathunthu. Ndikosatheka kuzizindikira. Masamba amaphimbidwa ndi zokutira zakuda ndi madontho amadzi onamatira. Madera omwe ali ndi kachilombo opunduka, ofota, chomera chimafa.

Ma aphoni a vwende amapanga madera akuluakulu pamphepete mwa tsamba, koma amapezeka pa mphukira, maluwa, zipatso

Mutha kuyendetsa ma aphid wowerengeka azitsamba. Tizilombo timalekerera fungo losakanikirana la anyezi, fodya, adyo, masamba a zipatso, ndi ufa wa mpiru. Kukonzedwa baka 2 kawiri pa sabata. Ngati pali nsabwe za m'masamba zambiri, ndiye mankhwala aliwonse azithandiza, mwachitsanzo, Inta-Vir, Commander, Mospilan. Mavwende amathiridwa ma 4 kanthawi pang'ono ndi masiku 5-7.

Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti tizilombo tisatetezedwe.

Ladybugs ndi mdani woyipitsitsa wa ma aphid. Chifukwa chake, timabzala mitengo ya zokometsera pafupi ndi vwende, fungo lake lomwe limawakopa. Muthanso kumanga odyetserako mbalame pamalowo. Titmouse, mpheta, linnet ziziuluka ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimadya tizilombo zobiriwira.

Mphutsi za Ladybug zitha kugulidwa m'malo apadera amdimba, kenako ndikutulutsidwa patsamba lawo

Katswiri wasayansi waku America adawerenga kuchuluka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba zomwe zimapezeka pamalo a mahekitala awiri - zinali 25 kg.

Wireworm

Mawayilesi ndi mphutsi za nutcracker. Tizilombo timeneti timakhala mosangalala pa chipatsocho ndikupanga mabowo momwemo. Amayamba kuvunda.

Wotaya waya akhoza kukhala mu nthaka kwa zaka 4

Mutha kuthana ndi tizilombo pogwiritsa ntchito misampha: mitsuko imakumba pansi ndipo zidutswa za mbatata ndi kaloti zimayikidwa mmenemo. Kangapo pa sabata, nyambo ziyenera kusinthidwa ndi zina zatsopano. M'mata timabzala masamba a mpiru, nyemba: amaopsyeza waya. Komanso kuti muwononge tizilombo tosinjirira. Ngati pali mphutsi zambiri, ndiye kuti mbewuzo zimathandizidwa ndi Provotox, Earth, Diazonin. Mankhwalawa amakhudza nthaka ndi mbeu, motero amangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zomaliza.

Spider mite

Pansanja ya pepalali mutha kupeza madontho a bulauni hue, omwe kukula kwake kumakulirakulira pang'onopang'ono. Chomera chonsecho chimangiriridwa yaying'ono. Pambuyo pake, chitsamba chija chimafa.

Kangaudeyu ndi kakang'ono kwambiri kuti satha kuwoneka, koma izi zimapangitsa kuti chomera chiwonongeke

Siponji wa kangaudeyo si tizilombo, chifukwa mankhwala wamba sangawawononge. Kuwongolera tizilombo, ma acaricides amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Neoron, Apollo, Actofit. Chipinda amathandizidwa 3-4 nthawi ndi imeneyi ya masiku 5-10.

Ma acaricides ndi oopsa kwambiri, chifukwa chake mukamagwira nawo ntchito, kumbukirani za zida zodzitetezera.

Zopatsa

Pa masamba a mavwende ndi ma gourds, mizere yaying'ono yofiirira imadziwika - awa ndi tizirombo. Amadyetsa zakudya zamasamba. Madera omwe ali ndi kachilombo amakhala wopanda mtundu, nkufa. Gawo lonyalanyazidwa limadziwika ndi mchenga wosabadwa pamasamba, zimayambira zimasinthasintha, maluwa amagwa. Ma thrips amagawidwa pamoto komanso pamawuma.

Ma throut sikuti amangovulaza mbewu, komanso amatengera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ambiri owopsa

Misampha ya nsikidzi imapangidwa ndi makatoni, ophimba pansi ndi uchi, mafuta odzola kapena glue yomwe imawuma kwa nthawi yayitali. Mutha kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi njira za anthu. Thandizani ma infusions azitsamba:

• celandine
• adyo
• phweteke nsonga
• masamba obiriwira.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa majeremusi kuchuluka, ndiye kuti tchire liyenera kuthandizidwa pokonzekera tizirombo:

• Karate
• Spintor
• Fitovermom.

Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala katatu kapena pakadutsa milungu iwiri. Zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi chitsamba chimachotsedwa.

Tuluka

Tizilombo ta mavwende timamera tumphukira. Amatafuna tsinde ndi mizu kuchokera mkati, tchire limayamba kuvunda.

Mazira a mphukira imawuluka nthawi yachisanu m'nthaka, choncho imayenera kukumbidwa mu kugwa ndikumasulidwa masika

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthana ndi mphutsi ndi mankhwala omwe omwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa nsabwe za m'masamba. Kukonza sikuyenera kukhala chitsamba chokha, komanso dothi.

Gall nematode

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mbozi wozungulira masentimita 1-2^zaC. Zimagwira chomera. Chitsamba chimayenda, ngati kuti chilibe chinyontho ndi michere. Masamba akapindika, chivwende chimasiya kukula ndikufa.

Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi Nematode zimakhala ndi mizu yambiri yonyansa yotchedwa mizere ya mizu.

Nematode amayenera kuthandizidwa ndimankhwala, monga 0,02% yankho la mercaptophos kapena phosphamide. Kukonza ikuchitika 2-4 nthawi ndi imeneyi ya masiku 3-5.

Mankhwalawa sangathe kuwononga mazira a mphutsi, chifukwa ali ndi chipolopolo cholimba. Mankhwala akapanda mphamvu, nematode amawaswa.

Gulugufe wa Gulugufe

Agulugufe a scoop agulugufe ndi tizirombo ta gourds. Amakhala pansi, ndipo usiku amakwera pamwamba ndikuyamba kukucha mphukira, masamba a mbewu.

Gulugufe wachinyamata amadya namsongole nthawi yoyamba, kenako amasinthana ndi mbewu zomwe zalimidwa

Mavwende amatha kupulumutsidwa ku mbozi mwa kupopera mavwende okhala ndi mavwende okhala ndi maluwa owawa: 300 g ya zopangira, 1 tbsp. phulusa la nkhuni ndi 1 tbsp. l kutsanulira sopo wamadzi 10 malita a madzi otentha ndikuumirira maola 5-6. Pambuyo pozizira, tchire limathandizidwa. Mankhwala adawonetsa zotsatira zabwino motsutsana ndi mbozi: Decis, Sherpa.

Dzombe

Dzombe ndi mtundu wina wa mavwende. Tizilombo timeneti timadya mbali zonse za mbewuzo, ndipo mphutsi zake zimadya mizu.

Pambuyo pa kuwukira kwa dzombe, mavwende amakhala opanda kanthu komanso opanda moyo

Mutha kulimbana ndi dzombe mwamakina ngati anthu angapo apezeka patsamba. Pakuukira kambiri, ndi mankhwala okha omwe angathandize: Taran, Karate Zeon.

Mbalame

Nyenyezi, mpheta, akhwangwala, nkhunda sizisamala kudya chivwende chokoma. Zachidziwikire, sangathe kuwononga mbewu, koma awononga chiwonetsero chake. Ndipo m'malo otetezedwa, tizirombo touluka nthawi zambiri mumakhala anthu ndipo mabakiteriya amalowa.

Pamunda pomwe mavwende akungoyamba kucha, khwangwala amapeza bwino mabulosi okhwima komanso abwino kwambiri

Kuti muteteze agalu ku mbalame, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde apulasitiki kapena nsalu. Koma amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi m'malo ochepa okha chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa zinthuzo. M'malo ochepa, mavwende amatetezedwa ndi pulasitiki (wokhala ndi mabowo) kapena mabokosi a waya, omwe amaikidwa pamwamba pa zipatsozo pansi.

Kupewa kwa tizirombo pa vwende

Kupewa kwa tizirombo ndi matenda omwewo: kuchotsa zinyalala za mbewu, kuwononga namsongole, kuyang'anira kuzungulira kwa mbeu. Pali njira zinanso zoteteza:

1. Mphutsi za tizirombo tambiri nthawi yozizira m'nthaka, kotero mu nthawi yophukira ndi masika malowa ayenera kukumbidwa bwino.
2. Yoyenera siteji - njira yochizira matenda ophera tizilombo. Amachitika pambuyo pa kuoneka kuti mphukira ndi maluwa. Ikani BI-58, Fitoverm.
   

   Fitoverm - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda oteteza khungu lathu ku tizirombo

3. Muthanso kupopera mbewu zazing'ono ndi kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi mankhusu (200 g pa ndowa).
4. Kutentha, mavwende amathiriridwa ndimadzi oyera kutiletsa nsabwe kuti zisachulukane.
5. Mbewu zimathandizidwa ndi Fentyuram.
6. Kuwononga waya, Bazudin imalowetsedwa m'nthaka isanabzike.

Dongosolo Lachidule: mavuto ndi mavwende okulira ndi yankho lawo

Ngati pakhala zovuta pakumera mavwende, tizirombo tikuwononga mbewu kapena tchire lidayamba kudwala, izi sizitanthauza kuti sikudzakolola. Ndi vuto lomwe lingapeze panthawi yake, kutsatira malamulo a mankhwala ndi prophylaxis, mbewu zimatha kupulumutsidwa.