Posachedwa, njira zachilendo zokulitsa masamba ndi zipatso za mabulosi, kuphatikiza ndi sitiroberi, zatchuka kwambiri. Pazoyala zam'munda zoyambirira, matayala agalimoto, mbiya, mabokosi, matumba apulasitiki ndi zinthu zina zotheka amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira yosangalatsira yolima sitiroberi m'minda mapaipi a PVC.
Zithunzi za kukula kwa sitiroberi mumapaipi a PVC
Njira zokulira sitiroberi pogwiritsa ntchito mapaipi a PVC ili ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake. Ubwino wa njirayi ndi awa:
- Kusunga kwofunikira m'malo pamunda.
- Kupanga kuyenda. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndikosavuta kusuntha kapena kumanganso.
- Kukolola ukhondo. Zipatsozi sizikumana ndi nthaka, chifukwa sichichedwa kuwola, kutayika kwa nkhani.
- Kuperewera kwa udzu. Kubzala Strawberry kwenikweni sikufuna.
- Kutsirira kovomerezeka komanso kuvala pamwamba pazomera.
- Chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizirombo. Ngati dothi lakonzedwa bwino ndikukonzedwa, ndiye kuti kulibe tizirombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tosakhalamo.
- Za chiyambi Zingwe ndi zomwe zidzawonetsetse tsamba lanu, zipatseni mawonekedwe abwino.
Kubzala sitiroberi m'mapaipi kumateteza pansi ndikuyenda bwino malo
Njirayi ili ndi zovuta zina:
- Kubzala sitiroberi m'mapaipi kuyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse (kamodzi kamodzi pakapita masiku atatu). Kukhalapo kwa unsembe wothirira wokha
- Dothi m'mapaipi a PVC mulibe mwayi wolemeretsa zachilengedwe, kotero mbewu zimafunikira kudya pafupipafupi.
- Zomera zobzalidwa ndi njirayi sizilekerera chisanu bwino, chifukwa chake, madera akumpoto ndi msewu wapakati ndikuwopseza kuzizira. Pankhaniyi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kayendedwe ka makonzedwe: mapaipi oyikidwa mowongoka amasunthidwira pamalo otsetsereka, aduleni. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi yomweyo, mbewu zomwe zili kunja kwa dimba zimatha kuvutika.
Ntchito yomanga mapaipi
Makina opingasa kapena opingasa popanda mtengo wapadera komanso kuyesetsa ungathe kudzipangira pawokha.
Zofunikira
Kupanga zitulu kuchokera ku mapaipi a PVC mudzafunika:
- Mapaipi awiri: lalikulu ndi lopapatiza. Sizofunikira kuzigula zokha, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zidatsalira mukatha kukonza.
- Mapulagi, mapulagi.
- Chida choyendetsera mabowo a ma diameter osiyanasiyana.
- Gawo la zomangira.
- Chingwe kapena mapasa.
- Chidutswa cha nsalu yopanda.
- Mpeni.
- Tepi yomatira kapena tepi.
Kuti mumange mapaipi a PVC, muyenera kukonzekera zida ndi zida zofunikira
Kukonzekera kwa mapaipi omangira
Kupanga njira yokhazikika yokhazikika kwa mabulosi amtunduwu ndi njira izi:
- Kudziwa kutalika kwa kapangidwe kake, amatsogozedwa ndi kuthekera kwakukulu mukamayiyika ndikusiya. Nthawi zambiri amayimilira pa mulingo wa 1.5-2 m.Payipi yayitali yokulirapo imadulidwa m'litali losankhidwa, ndipo chitoliro chopendekera, chomwe chimathandizira kuthirira, chimapangidwa kutalika kwa 10-15 cm.
- Mabowo ang'onoang'ono pafupipafupi amawombera mu chitoliro chopapatiza. Pafupifupi 20 cm ya mmunsi yamanzere siyabwino. Kapangidwe kameneka kamalepheretsa kuthilira kwamadzi pansi.
Papa wopapatiza, yemwe amagwira ntchito ngati kuthirira, muyenera kubowola mabowo ang'onoang'ono pafupipafupi
- Pukutani chitoliro chothirira ndi zinthu zilizonse zosakhala zopangidwa mwaluso ndikuzikonza mosatalikirapo. Ngati izi sizinachitike, ndiye kuti nsaluyo imasunthika ndikutsegula ma plums apamwamba. Pakakhala chosatetezera, mizu yomwe ikukula, zosakaniza za nthaka zimatchinga mabowo ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuthirira ndi kuthira manyowa mbewu.
Mpope wothirira uyenera kukulungidwa ndi burlap, spanbond ndikukhomerera mwamphamvu zinthuzo kutalika lonse
- Kukhetsa pansi pa chitoliro chothirira kumatsekeka ndi choletsa.
- Pa chitoliro chachikulu ndi kubowola mtunda wa 25-30 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake, pobowoleza mabowo ndi mulifupi mwake masentimita 10-12 pakubzala mbande za sitiroberi. Mutha kuwapangitsa kukhala ngati cheke kapena patali dzuwa.
Pa chitoliro cha mulifupi wokulirapo, pobowola mabowo chifukwa chobzala sitiroberi
- Pansi pa chitoliro chachikulu amapaka pulawo.
Kukonzekera kwa mapaipi yopingasa
Pokonzekera mapaipi oyakira mbali, muyenera kutchera khutu ku zinthu zina ndi kusiyanasiyana kochokera kumizeremizere:
- Mapulagi amagwiritsidwa ntchito mbali zonse za chitoliro chachikulu. Palibe mapulagini oyenera, amatha kupangidwa mwaokha pogwiritsa ntchito filimu yolimba ya pulasitiki. Malekezero a chitoliricho adakulungidwa nacho, chosungika mosamala m'mphepete ndi twine kapena tepi yamagetsi.
- Mabowo akuluakulu samapangidwa mozungulira chitolirochi, koma mumizere umodzi kapena iwiri.
- Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pampu kuti mupereke madzi. Koma njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri ndiyo kuthirira madzi pamphamvu yokoka. Kuti muchite izi, thanki yamadzi imakhazikitsidwa pang'ono pamwamba pa chitoliro chothirira, kuonetsetsa kuti chikugwirizana ndi kapangidwe kake.
Mukathirira mphamvu yokoka, thanki yamadzi iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamwamba pa chitoliro
Vidiyo: Kupanga chitoliro cha bedi lamaliro
Kukhazikitsa kwa kapangidwe kake ndikudzaza ndi zosakaniza dothi
Ndikofunika kwambiri kusankha momwe dothi limapangidwira ndikuzaza mipopeyo ndi dothi. Kubwezeretsani kumafunikira dothi labwino komanso dothi labwino. Dongo lokwera, miyala ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ngalande. Poikiratu zapa, chitoliro chothirira chimayikidwa mkati mwenimweni, ndikuchikonza pakati. Dongosolo ili lidzapereka chinyezi chofanana kumbewu zonse zobzalidwa. Denga lakutsanulira limathiridwa mu chitoliro chachikulu, chomwe chimayenera kufikira mabowo apansi pa chitoliro chopapatiza. Izi sizimangoletsa kuthilira madzi nthaka, komanso kumapangitsanso kukhazikika kwake.
Mkati mwa chitoliro chachikulu, choyamba muyenera kuyikapo chitoliro, ndikuthira madzi osanjikiza ndikudzaza ndi lapansi mpaka pamwamba
Ndi malo oyingika, ngalande zimatsanuliridwa pabowo lililonse ndikutsamira pansi pa chitolirocho ndi wosanjikiza 2-3 cm. Chitoliro chothirira chimayikidwa pansi. Kenako kapangidwe kamadzazidwa ndi dothi. Ziyenera kukhala:
- chonde;
- zosavuta;
- chokwanira;
- ndi acidity yaying'ono;
- opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Maziko abwino kwambiri a dothi lotere akhale a humus (omwe atengedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa manyowa) kapena nthaka ya sod. Kuti muwononge mphutsi za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso mafangasi ndi matenda ena ali pansi, ziyenera kufetsedwa. Nthaka ikhoza kuthiridwa ndi madzi otentha, kenako ndikuuma kapena kuthandizidwa ndi kukonzekera kwa ma virus (Fitosporin, Trichodermin, Alirin B, Baikal EM-1 malinga ndi malangizo). Peat komanso utuchi wawung'ono wa mitengo yolimba yolingana ndikuwonjezeredwa ku dothi lokonzekera kubzala sitiroberi.
Kubwezeretsa m'mbuyo ndi njira yayitali yomwe imafunikira kulondola komanso kudekha. Nthaka imadzazidwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, ophatikizidwa mosamala, opukutidwa, nthawi zina amadzaza ndi madzi. Ngati nthaka sinakhuthuke, ndiye kuti kwakanthawi kadzakhazikika chifukwa cha kuwinduka kwa mpweya, ma voids amapezeka m'mapaipi, ndipo izi sizingakhudze zipatso za zipatso.
Mpope wotambalala waukulu uyenera kukhala wolimba, wodzazidwa ndi dothi lopanda mapulagi amlengalenga
Pansi, mutha kuwonjezera polystyrene wosweka. Mipira yake siyilola kuti dothi lilembedwe ndipo imapereka mwayi wowerenga.
Vidiyo: chitoliro chotsirizidwa cha kama wogona
Kanema: Zomera pabedi yokhazikika
Momwe mungapangire zida zaapaipi
Mabedi oterowo amatha kuikidwa molunjika kapena molunjika. Ubwino wa mawonekedwe ofukula:
- kupulumutsa malo (1 mita2 tchire tambiri adayikidwa);
- kupulumutsa madzi, feteleza ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- kuwonetsetsa kuwunikira kwambiri ma tchire onse;
- mwayi wokolola;
- chiyambi cha mawonekedwe a masamba, makonde, oyandikana nawo.
Mabedi a sitiroberi okonzedwa bwino ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yokongoletsera malowa
Mabedi olimba okhala ndi mabulosi obzalidwa ndi njira yabwino yokulitsira mbewu ndikukongoletsa malowa. Zitha kupachikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, pa mpanda, ndikuyiyika kudera lakutali pakuyika mapaipi mumiyala ingapo.
Pochepetsedwa kapena pokhazikika-pokhazikika pamakomo pangagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati thandizo lamabedi oyenda.
Zambiri za kukula kwa sitiroberi
Njira zosamalirira Strawberry pamageti owongoka ndi opingasa kuchokera ku mapaipi mosiyanasiyana sizimasiyana ndi njira zaulimi zamitengo yachikhalidwe. Amakhala kuthirira, kuphatikiza feteleza komanso kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, ndipo sitirobwino zobzalidwa mwanjira imeneyi sikufunikira kuti udzu uchotse.
Kusankha kwa Giredi
Mukamasankha sitiroberi zokulira mapaipi, muyenera kuyang'ana mitundu yokhala ndi zipatso zazitali. Izi zitha kukhala mitundu yokonza:
- Albion;
- Mfumukazi Elizabeth II;
- Zakudya zabwino ku Moscow;
- Evie 2;
- Daimondi;
- Ziyeso.
Ndizowoneka bwino ndi izi:
- kucha kucha zipatso;
- kukana matenda ndi tizirombo;
- kubwereza zipatso kumapeto kwa chirimwe;
- zokolola zokweza pachaka.
Mitundu ya Ampel sitiroberi ndiyabwino kukula m'mapaipi. Uku ndi mtundu wa sitiroberi wam'munda wamtunduwu, womwe amadziwika ndi ndevu zazitali. Ma rosette achichepere amatha kupanga zipatso popanda kuzika mizu. Kuphatikiza pa zokolola zambiri, mitundu iyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi zida zokongoletsera zabwino kwambiri. Kubzala ndikuphimba kwa masamba ndi mphukira, zomwe zimasanjidwa ndi zipatso zowala ndi inflorescence yowuma.
Ampel sitiroberi rosettes imatha kupanga zipatso popanda kuzika mizu
Kubzala mbande
Mbande za Strawberry zingabzalidwe munthawi yodzaza mapaipi ndi dziko lapansi kapena kumapeto, pomwe kapangidwe kake kaphatikizidwa kwathunthu, kukonzedwa ndikuthiriridwa. Podzala, mbande za sitiroberi zaumoyo zimasankhidwa, ndipo mizu yake imalimbikitsidwa kuti imiliridwe mu phala kuchokera mbali zofanana zadothi ndi manyowa. Mankhwalawa atithandiza chomera kuti chisathebe chinyezi. Matenda osunthika amapangidwa m'nthaka, pomwe mizu imayikidwa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti singawire. Khosi la mmera limakhala pansi.
Mbande za Strawberry zimabzalidwa m'maenje obzala kuti muza kolala mu nthaka
Pakati pa mbande za sitiroberi (ndikubzala lokhazikika - pansi pamapangidwewo), tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala marigolds omwe atha kufalitsa tizilombo tinavuto.
Kubzala mbande sikungapangidwe mu bowo lililonse lobzala. Kukonzekera koteroko kudzapangitsa kuzika mizu yaying'ono yaying'ono, kukhazikitsanso ndikupanganso malo obzala sitiroberi.
Kuthirira
Muyenera kuthirira mbewu nthawi zambiri, monga dothi lomwe lili m'mapaipi amumauma msanga. Dziwani kufunika kwa chinyontho malinga ndi dothi lomwe lili m'maenje obzala. Kutsirira kumachitika kudzera pa chitoliro chopapatiza, chomwe chimayenera choyamba kudzazidwa pamwamba ndi madzi (chikamayikidwa verti), kenako pang'onopang'ono chimapatsa chinyontho mbewuzo.
Kuchita mopambanitsa kuyenera kupewedwa. Zimayambitsa kufalikira kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kudyetsa zipatso za mitengo yobzalidwa m'mapaipi kumasiyanirana ndi feteleza wazomera momwe zimakhalira nthawi zonse:
- Dothi lomwe lili m'mapaipi limatha msanga, choncho mbeu zimafunika kuvala pafupipafupi komanso moyenera. Ayenera kuchitika kamodzi pa sabata.
- Pamabedi a mapaipi a PVC, amavala zovala zamadzimadzi amakonda, zomwe ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kuthirira. Njira yothetsera michere imathiridwa mu chitoliro chothirira ndipo kudzera mu mizu ya mbewuzo. Pokonzekera chovala chamadzimadzi pamwamba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wovuta kapena kuchepetsa zinthu zokhala ndi madzi.
Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda
Majeremusi obzalidwa m'mapaipi a PVC amathanso kuukira tizirombo:
- Tumbule mbatata ya Colorado
- weevil
- choyera
- sitiroberi mite
- aulesi
- nkhono.
Kuwala kokwanira komanso kuthirira pang'ono kumalepheretsa kufalikira kwa nkhono, ma slog ndi mphero. Ngati tizirombo todziwika tinafalikira, ndiye kuti mabowo akuyenera kuthandizidwa ndi Metaldehyde (malinga ndi malangizo). Njira yothetsera Karbofos (50 g pachidebe chilichonse cha madzi) ingathandize kuthana ndi nthata za sitiroberi, ma weevils ndi zovala zansalu. Kusintha ndi mankhwalawa kumachitika bwino mukakolola.
Mukamaukira mabulosi a kachilomboka ndi kachilomboka ka Colorado ndi mphutsi za May, kukonzekera kwamankhwala sikulimbikitsidwa, popeza onse amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali ndipo sakuvomerezeka pakucha zipatso. Izi tizirombo ziyenera kusungidwa pamanja.
Kukula kwa sitiroberi m'mapaipi a PVC sikungokhala kosavuta komanso kopindulitsa, koma njira yeniyeni yopezera zokolola zabwino. Chiwembu chamaluwa chidzadabwitsa ndi chiyambi chake komanso chiyambi chake.
