Katsabola - chomera chaka chilichonse mpaka 125 cm wamtali, tsinde ndi masamba osapsa, masamba owopsya ndi masamba ambiri, maluwa achikasu amapanga ambulera yovuta, kufalikira, mawonekedwe obiriwira ofiira - mbewu. Katsabola ndi chomera chodzichepetsa, koma kawirikawiri zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amalepheretsa wolima munda kukhala ndi masamba abwino onunkhira. Pafupi ndi matenda ati a katsabola omwe amapezeka komanso momwe angachitire nawo, nkhaniyi idzafotokoza.
Kodi kuchotsa powdery mildew ku katsabola
Mame a mchere ndi matenda omwe Erysiphe umbelliferarum ndi tizilombo ta bowa, omwe amasonyezedwa ndi kupezeka kwa maluwa, monga tsamba la kangaude, ndipo kenako mbewuyo imakhala ngati yakuda ndi ufa. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale upweya wa powdery mildew ndi kutentha + 18 ... +20 ° C, ndipo chinyezi ndi pafupifupi 70-80%. Mu fennel masamba omwe amakhudzidwa ndi matendawa, fungo ndi kukoma kumachepa. 
Zitsamba zamodzi zimachotsedwa pammera. Powdery mildew amachotsedwa katsabola ndi kupopera mankhwala a chlorine dioxide, njira yofooka ya manganese kapena osakaniza a antibiotics - Terramycin, Penicillin ndi Streptomycin mofanana.
Ndikofunikira! Popewera kudyetsa kwadzidzidzi kwa nthaka m'mabedi a katsabola, matenda ambiri a masamba okometsera angapewe.
Monga chiwopsezo cha matenda a matendawa, katsabola akhoza mungu wochokera ndi sulfure. Komanso m'kugwa, m'pofunika kuchotsa zitsamba za mbeu kuchokera ku mabedi, popeza spores za bowa zimatha m'nyengo yozizira kumeneko.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi downy mildew
Downy mildew (peronospora) ndi matenda ofanana ndi zizindikiro zakunja ndi powdery mildew. Ngati pali funso chifukwa chake katsabola kamasanduka chikasu pamabedi, muyenera kuyang'ana chomeracho, nkutheka kuti iye anakhudzidwa ndi peronosporosis. Pakapita kanthawi masamba omwe ali chikasu amakhala a bulauni, mtundu wa pansi pa tsambawu uli ndi utoto wofiira wa bowa mycelium. Masamba ndi mphukira pang'onopang'ono amauma ndi kufota, kukula kwa mbewu kumachepetsanso.
Mungathe kuchotsa downy mildew Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira yothetsera sulfure (1%), komanso kupanga 25 g wa soda phulusa, 20 g sopo ndi 5 malita a madzi. Pofuna kupewa matendawa, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa Bordeaux osakaniza, osachepera awiri kapena katatu.
Zizindikiro za katsabola ka fomoz ndi mankhwala awo
Phomosis imayambitsa fungus Phoma Anethi Sacc, yomwe imakhudza magawo onse a pansi pa katsabola, mizu sangavutike kwambiri. Zimasonyeza madera a fomoz ndi mdima wakuda. Nkhumba za bowa zimafalikira bwino mlengalenga mothandizidwa ndi tizilombo, ndipo zimatha kupitilira kunthaka, namsongole ndi zatsalira zakugwa. Mphukira zokhudzidwa kwambiri za kudula katsabola ndi kuchotsedwa pa webusaitiyi. Mukhoza kuchotsa fomosis mwa kupopera mankhwala ndi Bordeaux madzi m'magawo angapo pamwezi. Kusakaniza kumachitika masiku osachepera 14 musanadule wobiriwira ndikudya chakudya. Zotsalira zonse za zomera zikulimbikitsidwa kuti ziwonongeke mu kugwa.
Mukudziwa? Katsabola kakabzalidwa m'malo opumitsa mpweya wokwanira.
Masamba a katsabola
Mavitamini amachititsa kuti bowa likhale lopangidwa ndi maluwa, ndi kugonjetsedwa kumene masamba ndi masamba a katsabola amakhala ofiira kapena mawanga akuda. Pambuyo pake, pamene spores ya kuphuka kwa bowa, chomera chokhudzidwacho chimadzazidwa ndi pachimake cha mtundu wowala. N'zotheka kuchotsa masamba a katsabola ndi kupopera mankhwala ndi mkuwa oxychloride - 20 g pa madzi okwanira 5 l kapena ndi 1% yothetsera Bordeaux osakaniza.
Njira zochizira za Fusarium
Fusarium wilt imayambitsidwa ndi bowa la Fusarium. Ndalama zowonongeka zimayambitsidwa ndi kuthirira madzi, kutentha kwambiri kwa nthaka, kapena kuwonongeka kwa mizu ya mbeu; Matendawa amayamba kumayambitsa masamba ochepa, kenako pamwamba pake. Pa nthawi yomweyi, masamba ndi ziwiya za tsinde zimakhala zofiira ndi zachikasu, ndipo katsabola kameneko kamatha. Ngati posachedwapa, katsabola kathanzi kamasanduka chikasu, ndiye funso ndilofunika kuchita, yankho limodzi ndilozazaza ndi "Readzol" kapena "Topsin", chifukwa gawo loyambalo la matendali likuchiritsidwa bwino. Chomera champhamvu kwambiri chiwonongeke.
Ndikofunikira! Zomera zowonongeka zimafooketsa katsabola ndipo zimathandizira kuti chitukuko chizikula.
Zimayambitsa ndi mankhwala a verticillary wilting
Mitengoyi imayambitsa zowawa za nthaka Verticillium arbo-atrum. Verticillosis ndi matenda aakulu, kutentha kwakukulu kwa chitukuko chake ndi 17 ... +22 ° C. Kutenga kumapezeka kuchokera ku mizu ya chomera kapena kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo. Chifukwa cha matendawa chingakhalenso nthaka ndi spores ya bowa, kompositi kapena manyowa.
Pambuyo pa bowalo, chimanga chake chimadzaza zitsamba, zomwe madzi ndi zakudya zimasunthira pamasamba, zimatseketsa mtsinjewo, kenako katsabola kamatha kufa. Kuchiza kwa wilting wothirira kumaphatikizapo kupopera mbewu ndi "Readzole" kapena "Topsin". Wakhudzidwa kwambiri katsabola baka amawononga. Monga chiyeso chopewa, mungagwiritse ntchito Previkur.
Chochita ndi dzimbiri pa katsabola
Dill mu miyezi yoyamba ya chilimwe imakhala ndi dzimbiri, lomwe limawonekera pa masamba ndipo limakhala ngati mawanga a chikasu. Chotsani dzimbiri nthawi zonse pochiza chomera ndi Bordeaux osakaniza katatu patsiku. Ngati njira yothetsera, musanadzalemo, mbeu ya katsabola imatha kuthira kanthawi kochepa m'madzi otentha, utakhazikika m'madzi ozizira, kenako nkuuma. Kukonzekera kumeneku kudzachepetsetsa kuti zitsamba zadothi zikhale ndi dzimbiri.
Mukudziwa? Kutsekedwa kwa 20 g ya mbewu ya katsabola, kuswedwa ndi galasi la madzi otentha, moledzera usiku, kudzathetsa kusowa tulo.
Mgugu wakuda wandiweyani: chiyani choti uchite?
Msola wakuda umawonetsedwa mumdima wa khola, womwe umafooketsa, umakhala wopepuka komanso wofewa, ndipo posachedwa umayamba kuvunda. Chomerachi chimafota ndipo chimawonongeka. Mbeu zofooka, dothi lonyowa, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi kusowa kwa kuwala kungawononge blackleg. Mphungu wakuda - matenda omwe amadwala nkhuku akakula, chomeracho chingachiritsidwe ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa "Readzol".
