Masamba obiriwira achoka kale kutchire kupita kwawo kukagwiririra. Wamaluwa amalima bwino, ndipo obereketsa amatchulukitsa mitundu yonseyo. Kupanga mitundu yatsopano, amayesa kukonza osati zokoma zokha, komanso machitidwe ena omwe amakulitsa gawo la mbewu. Meteor ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yotchedwa rasipiberi yomwe idapangidwa ndi asayansi aku Russia pamtunda wapakati komanso kumpoto kwakum'mwera, zomwe zimakondweretsa kwambiri wamaluwa ndi alimi m'maderawa.
Mbiri yakula
Meteor ndikwaniritsa kwa obereketsa aku Russia kwa nkhokwe ya Kokinsky ya All-Russian Institute of Horticulture and Nursery. Motsogozedwa ndi I.V. Kazakov, imodzi mwa mitundu yakale yaku Russia ya Novosti Kuzmin idawoloka ndi rasipiberi waku Bulgaria Kostinbrodskaya. "Makolo" onsewa ndi amtali pamakhalidwe awo ndikukula pakati, koma "wobadwa" adakhala wamtali komanso woyamba kwambiri.
Kuyambira 1979, zatsopano zinali zoyesedwa m'malo osiyanasiyana mu 1993 ndipo mu 1993 zidaphatikizidwa mu State Record of Selection Achievement of the Russian Federation ku Northern, North-Western, Central, Volga-Vyatka, Central Black Earth ndi Middle Volga.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a raspberries Meteor
Kukula koyambirira ndiye gawo lalikulu la mitundu. Ndiwotchuka pakati pa njira zapakati komanso kumpoto, komwe kuphukira koyambirira kumakhala kwamtengo wapatali. Kututa kumayamba kukololedwa mu theka loyambirira la June, ndipo mukatentha nyengo yabwino mutha kuchita izi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi. Rasipiberi Meteor ndi wamba, osati remontant, koma nthawi yayitali komanso yotentha mu August, maluwa ndi ovary amatha kupanga pa mphukira zapachaka.
Zingwe zazing'anga, zokulirapo pang'ono (mpaka ma mita awiri) zimakhala ndi mphamvu, zomata zomata ndi zokutira yaying'ono ndi kuyimitsa pamwamba. Pali minga yocheperapo, ndi yaying'ono, yopyapyala komanso yochepa. Zomera zimatha kupanga mphukira pakati, zimamera 20-25 pa mita.
Rasipiberi tchire Wamtali-kakulidwe kakang'ono, kufalikira pang'ono, mphukira 20-25 zimakula mita imodzi
Zipatso za sing'anga kukula (kulemera kwa 2.3-3.0 magalamu) mawonekedwe mawonekedwe ndi omata. Utoto wake ndi wofiyira; Zipatso zimachotsedwa bwino paphesi ndipo zimasungidwa nthawi yokolola ndi mayendedwe chifukwa chakumanja komwe kumakhala kolimba.
Masipuni rasipiberi Meteor mopusa mwakhungu, masekeli 2.3-3 magalamu, pakucha utoto wofiira
Cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito ndi chilengedwe, kukoma ndi mchere. Zinthu za shuga - 8.2%, acidity - 1.1%. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zipatso pokonzanso, zinthu (zoteteza, ma jamu, ma compotes, zodzaza, ndi zina) zimakhala zapamwamba kwambiri. Zipatso ndizoyeneranso kuzizira.
Zochulukitsa - 50-70 kg / ha, ndiukadaulo wabwino waulimi amatha kufikira 110 kg / ha. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi mutha kusonkhanitsa mpaka ma kilogalamu awiri. Kubweranso kotuta ndikosangalatsa.
Zomera zolimba za nyengo yozizira ndizambiri, zomwe zimapereka phindu losiyanasiyana likakhala lalitali komanso lalitali kumpoto. Kulekerera chilala kumakhala pakati. Kusatetezeka kumatenda akulu oyamba ndi fungus ndikokwera. Kukhazikika, kukula kwamtambo, utoto wa kangaude ndi mphukira.
Kanema: Kuwunikira kosiyanasiyana kwa rasipiberi
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
Raspberry Meteor ali ndi zabwino zambiri:
- kukhazikika koyambirira;
- zimagwira zolimba zotsutsa:
- kuchuluka kocheperako kakang'ono pazomwe zimayambira;
- mayendedwe akulu;
- kukoma kwambiri kwa zipatso, cholinga chawo chonse (chogwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, choyenera kukonzedwa ndi kuzizira);
- zokolola zambiri (zimachulukitsidwa ndiukadaulo wabwino waulimi);
- kutentha kwa dzinja;
- kukana matenda fungal.
Zoyipa zilipo, koma ndizocheperako:
- kulekerera kwapansi pa chilala;
- ndi phindu lochuluka lingafune ma gator ku ma sapoti;
- Tizitha kupezeka utoto wofiirira komanso wokulirapo, wosakhazikika kuwonongeka ndi akangaude ndi kuwombera ndulu.
Chifukwa cha zabwino zamitundu mitundu, wamaluwa ndi wokonzeka kupirira zovuta zake, zomwe sizoyipa komanso zochotsa ukadaulo woyenera wa ulimi.
Zambiri za kukula kwa raspberries Meteor
Mutha kupeza zokolola zabwino mosamalidwa wamba. Meteor ili ndi mbali zochepa zaukadaulo waulimi, koma kukulira ndikwabwino kuzilingalira kuti mukulitse zokolola.
Tikufika
Kukula kwakuthupi ndi koyenera:
- malo otseguka komanso owala;
- nthaka yokhala ndi acidity yayikulu osavomerezeka;
- mafuta okonda chonde amakonda;
- samakula pamadambo;
- kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe musanabzale.
Udzu wobzala umagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachizolowezi pamtunda wamtali wamtunduwu: chitsamba (1-1.5 mita pakati pa tchire, chogwiritsidwa ntchito pamabowo m'modzi) ndi tepi (30-50x2-2.5 m). Kusakaniza kwa humus kapena kompositi ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu-phosphorous kumawonjezeredwa kumiyeso yokonzekera isanakwane yoyeza 40x40x40. Mutha kubzala mu kasupe ndi yophukira.
Chisamaliro
Ndikofunika kuchotsa nthawi zonse muzu, kuwadula ndi fosholo pansi mwakuya kwa masentimita 3-5.Ankapezekanso 10-12. Chapakatikati, siyani zitsamba za 6-7 pachitsamba chilichonse ndikuchifupikitsa ndi 25-30 masentimita. Ngakhale kuli mphamvu kuti mphukira zowongoka, pomwe mbewu zipsa, zimatha kutsikira, kotero garter ku trellis ikufunika.
Meteor rasipiberi mphukira ali makonzedwe, kusiya 6-7 zimayambira pa chitsamba chilichonse, ndi kumangiriza kwa trellis
Popeza kuletsa kukanika kwa mpweya ndi nthaka kuyanenedwa, kuthirira kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa mwapadera, koma ndikofunikira kuti zisakuwonongereni. Kuchulukacheka kungapindulitse mbewu. Chinyezi ndichofunikira kwambiri munthawi yokhazikitsa zipatso ndikudzaza. Pambuyo kuthirira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulch nthaka ndi organic zinthu kusunga chinyezi.
Kutsirira kumaphatikizidwa bwino ndi kuvala pamwamba. Kumayambiriro kwa impso, amaziwadyetsa koyamba, kenaka kawiri konse ndikusankha kwa milungu iwiri. Zofunikira kwambiri pazomera za nayitrogeni. Kudyetsa ndi feteleza wa manyowa ndiwothandiza kwambiri, popeza kulibe, feteleza wa mineral amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zotsatirazi zakuphatikiza kwa zosakaniza ndi michere ndi zotheka:
- 1 lita imodzi ya zitosi za mbalame kulowetsedwa 20 malita a madzi (malita 3-5 pa mita imodzi);
- 1 litre ya ng'ombe manyowa kulowetsedwa pa 10 malita a madzi (malita 3-5 pa lalikulu mita);
- 30 g wa urea pa malita 10 a madzi (malita 1-1,5 pachitsamba chilichonse).
Ngati feteleza wa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous akagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala, ndiye kuti atayikidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Chiwopsezo chochepetsera zokolola chimayambitsa kusakhazikika kwa raspberries Meteor ku matenda ena ndi tizirombo. Muyenera kuzidziwa bwino kuti mukhale okonzeka kuteteza mbewu.
Malo owoneka bwino
Pa mphukira zapachaka pansipa kufikira pomwe panali masamba a petiole, mawanga ofiirira. Petioles, masamba ndi nthambi zamisamba zimakhudzidwa ndi necrosis. Matendawa amatengera kufa kwa ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa. Wothandizira wa matendawa ndi Didymella applanata Sacc., Chifukwa chake matendawa amatchedwanso didimella.
Maonekedwe ofiira owoneka ofiirira pa rasipiberi mphukira ndiyo chizindikiro choyamba chodwala matenda amtoto (didimella)
Popewa, amawononga zinyalala za mbewu zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka, amapereka mpweya wabwino m'malo obzala, komanso kupewa kutulutsidwa mopitilira muyeso. Njira zawo zamankhwala zimagwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi 1% Bordeaux madzimadzi mpaka masamba atatseguka. Kenako amathandizidwa kumayambiriro kwa kukula kwa mphukira (kutalika kwake mpaka 20 cm), asanafike maluwa ndipo atangotuluka maluwa ndi mkuwa chloroxide (3-4 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre) kapena madzi a Bordeaux.
Kanema: Kulimbana ndi Raspberry Spotting
Kumera rasipiberi
Matenda a virus omwe amafalikira ndi tizilombo - ma cicadas. Ilinso ndi dzina lodziwika bwino rasipiberi kapena tsache la mfiti. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa matendawa, mmalo mwa zimayambira zingapo zaumoyo, mphukira zowonda kwambiri komanso zazifupi zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba yaying'ono omwe amapanga timabowo tambiri timene timakula mosiyanasiyana.
Pamene rasipiberi amakula, anthu ambiri owonda komanso amafupika amafupikira, ndipo amapanga timabowo tambiri
Njira zothana ndi kachilomboka ndizoteteza chilengedwe, popeza lero palibe mankhwala omwe angaimitse zotupa. Matchire odwala awonongedwa. Poyerekeza ndi tizilombo tomwe timayamwa (ma virus onyamula), tizirombo toyambitsa matenda timathandizidwa (Actellik, Akarin, Fitoverm ndi ena). Sankhani mwanzeru zodzala.
Spider mite
Kutalika kwa tizilombo ta kuyamwa kumeneku ndizochepa kwambiri - kuchokera pa 0.6 mpaka 1 mm. Kugawa kwake kumathandizidwa ndi nyengo youma komanso yotentha. Mafunso oyeserera amakhala pakumwera kwa tsamba ndikuyamba kuyamwa madziwo ndikuwongoletsa tsamba. Chifukwa cha matenda, mawanga oyera amawoneka pamasamba, amawuma ndikugwa. Panthawi yachilala, kuchepa kwa mbewu kumatha kukhala 70%.
Kangaudeyu amathira madzi mu masamba a rasipiberi ndikuwakhomera tsamba
Kupewa kumakhala kuthirira munthawi yotentha, kuwonongeka kwa masamba ndi udzu, kukumba dothi lozungulira tchire kuti muchepetse anthu ambiri. Mukawonongeka kangaude ndi ma kangaude pokonzekera kupopera mankhwala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Fufanon, Akreks, Actellik ndi mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo.
Thawani Gallic
Mphutsi za mphukira ndulu ya midge zimakhala mitundu yotupa kapena zophuka (zotchinga) pa mapesi a rasipiberi, mphukirayo imawonongedwa kuchokera mkati ndipo imang'ambika kunja, imakhala yovunda pamalo owonongeka ndipo imasweka mosavuta. Mkati mwa ndulu mumakhala mphutsi zamasamba, zomwe pambuyo pake zimasandulika kukhala udzudzu chifukwa cha kuzungulira kwa chitukuko. Mukukula, mibadwo ingapo ya ana imapangidwa. Nthawi zambiri, zophuka zimayambira pansipa, osati patali ndi mizu. Kuphwanya kwa kuyamwa kwamayendedwe kumabweretsa kufa kwa mphukira yowonongeka.
Mphukira ya ndulu yofiyira imalowerera mu tsinde la rasipiberi ndikuwononga kuchokera mkati, ndikupanga mphete zokulira (ma gall)
Popeza mphutsi zimapezeka mkati mwa mphukira, njira zamakemedwe zowongolera ndulu ya ma ndulu sizothandiza. Sabata lililonse, amayendera rasipiberi, ngati apeza mphukira zomwe zakhudzidwa, amaduladula ndipo amazitentha. M'dzinja, amakumba dothi mozama, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphutsi ziwonongeke. Kenako mulch ndi peat wosanjikiza osachepera 15 cm, izi zimachedwetsa kutulutsa kwa tizilombo.
Kanema: rasipiberi adakwapulidwa ndi mphukira ndulu midge
Ndemanga
My hussar ndi meteor akukula. Meteor amadzuka msanga, kukoma kwake ndikosangalatsa, kopanda chidwi. Ndinagula chifukwa chokhwima.
mawu//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/124983/page-80
Ndili ndi Meteor a chaka chachiwiri - zipatso zoyambirira, lero atola zipatso zingapo zoyambirira, zabwino kwambiri, koma ndizochepa kwambiri. Choyamba pa mitundu yanga yonse. Zaka ziwiri zapitazo ndidabzala mbande zitatu ndipo lero ndi mitengo iwiri yolimba. Mphukira imakhala yayitali, ndipo ndi zipatso tidzaona.
Ksenia95//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9990
Ndili ndi Meteor kwa zaka 3, iyi ndi imodzi mw mitundu yoyambirira ya rasipiberi, Semi-remontant, mabulosi ndi akulu, okoma komanso wowawasa, chitsamba ndichitali ndipo chimayenera kumangidwa.
Genmin//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9990
Ndili ndi Meteor pakadali pano woyamba wa raspulosi akuyamba kubala zipatso. Kukoma kwake ndikabwino ... koma mabulosi ndi ochepa kwambiri. Zowona, nthawi yophukira ikatalika ndipo tchire liyamba kukonzanso, mabulosi pazifukwa zina amakhala pafupifupi 2 kuwonjezeka kuposa mbewu yayikulu yachilimwe. Kuchulukana kumapereka nyanja. Pokhudzana ndi zipatso zoyambirira, zolakwa zake zonse zimakhululukidwa.
Leva//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9990
Ndilimanso mitundu iyi ya chilimwe komanso ndimakhala ndi malingaliro osintha Meteor ndi Hussar chifukwa cha "matenda" a Meteor. Mu nyengo yanga "yonyowa", Meteor wanga amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matenda ndi mafangasi, ndinadula 3/4 mphukira pachaka. Ngakhale mu 2016, kuchokera pa bedi limodzi la Meteor wokhala ndi mzere kutalika mikono 4, adatola malita 23 a rasipiberi.
Tamara St. Petersburg//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=308&start=2340
Palibe chifukwa choganiza kuti aliyense akhoza kukhala wopanda chidwi ndi raspberries. Amawayembekezera ndipo amasangalala pamene tchire lakutidwa ndi magetsi ofiira. Repberry Meteor nthawi zambiri amatsegula nyengoyi, kotero kuti wamaluwa amamukhululukira zolakwika zazing'ono. Ngati mukukula mosiyanasiyana, poganizira mawonekedwe ake, mutha kupeza zipatso zambiri zonunkhira komanso zotsekemera za chilimwe. Kuphukika koyambirira komanso kuphatikizira kwa nyengo yozizira kumapangitsa Meteor kukhala yofunika kwambiri nyengo yotentha komanso nyengo yozizira.
