Kubzala mphesa nthawi yophukira ngati njira ina yophukira: kodi mapindu ake ndi ati?

Ambiri omwe amapanga vinyo nthawi zambiri amakonda kubzala masika, chifukwa zimatsimikizira kupulumuka kwa mmera ndikuchotsa kuzizira kwake nyengo yozizira. Komabe, odziwa zamaluwa amalangizidwa kuti abzale mphesa mu nthawi ya mvula. Vuto la kuzizira kwa madzi limathetsedwa mosavuta ndi bungwe loyang'anira malo ogona, chifukwa chake sichingakhale chopinga chachikulu pakachitidwe kanyengo. Kutengera ndi malingaliro pa nthawi komanso luso la kubzala, mbewuyo imamera bwino ndipo kumayambiriro kwa kasupe imayamba kukula.

Kubzala mphesa m'dzinja: zabwino ndi zovuta

Kubzala mphesa moyenera kumapatsa nyakulayo zipatso zambiri

Mutha kubzala mphesa panthaka nthawi iliyonse yachisanu. Ambiri wamaluwa amakonda kuchita izi mchaka, kuti nthawi yakukula mbande ikhale ndi mizu ndikukonzekera nyengo yachisanu.

Komabe, kubzala yophukira kuli ndi zabwino zingapo:

• Zipatso zobala zipatso nthawi ino ya chaka zimagwera mu mpumulo, kotero mbande imatsogolera mphamvu zonse pakupanga kwa mizu. Pambuyo pake, izi zimakhudza bwino zipatso za mpesa.
• Atatuluka mu hibernation, mbewu zobzalidwa kugwa zimalandira michere yambiri ndi chinyezi, motero zimayamba kukula mwachangu.
• Msikawu uli ndi masheya osiyanasiyana obzala mitengo pamtengo wotsika kwambiri kuposa masika.
• Kutengera kubzala tekinoloje ndi kusungitsa mosamala, mbande yozizira bwino, ndikupanga chitetezo chokwanira. Zomera zowumitsidwa ndi chisanu zimayamba kugonjera ku matenda amtunduwu.

Pali njira imodzi yokha yotengera kubzala kwa nyundo - chiwopsezo cha chisanu mwadzidzidzi, mosiyana ndi kulosera kwanyengo.

Madeti obzala masamba

Mukamasankha mtengo wobzala mphesa, ndikofunikira kuganizira nyengo yam'derali

Mukamasankha nthawi yobzala mphesa, ndikofunikira kuganizira nyengo zam'maderawo. Nthawi imawerengeredwa m'njira yoti isanayambe chikondwerero choyamba 1-1.5 miyezi yotsalira: izi zidzakwanira kuti zigwirizane ndi mmera m'nthaka. Kutentha kokwanira kwa mpweya ndi + 15 ... 16 ° C masana, + 5 ... 6 ° C usiku.

Matsiku antchito pafupi ndi dera: gome

Kukonzekera

Mphesa sizimangopereka zokolola zambiri, komanso zimakongoletsa dimba ndi zipatso

Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino zakubzala mu kugwa ndikutha kusankha malo mwadala ndikukonzekera njirayi.

Kusankhidwa kwa malo ndi kukonzekera dothi

Kuti mukule mphesa zabwino, ndikofunikira kuziyika molondola pamalowo

Makonzedwe oyenera a mphesa pamalowa ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zopezera zokolola zambiri. Chisankho chabwino kwambiri ndi mbali yakumwera kwa nyumbayo, mpanda kapena makoma ake.. Ndi makonzedwe awa, mpesa udzayatsidwa tsiku lonse, ndipo sudzawonongeka ndi mphepo yozizira. Simungathe kudzala chikhalidwe cha thermophilic m'malo otsika kapena m'mphepete, chifukwa matenthedwe usiku amagwera pansi pa zonse.

Mphesa zimafunikira dothi lotayirira komanso lopatsa thanzi. Dziko lakuda ndi loam ndizabwino. Simungathe kubzala mpesa munthaka, dothi. Makamaka chowopsa ndi malo omwe amapezeka pamadzi pansi panthaka 1.5 kuchokera pamizu.

Ngakhale dothi labwino kwambiri, lotayirira liyenera kukonzedwa ndikuwonjezera michere yachilengedwe ndi feteleza wa mchere. Ngati dothi ndi acidic, onjezani ufa wa laimu kapena wa dolomite. Mchenga wamtsinje umawonjezeredwa ndi dothi la peat - zidebe ziwiri pa mita imodzi.

Kusankha ndi kukonza kubzala

Kufalikira kwa masamba kwa mphesa kumathandizira njira yopezera mpesa watsopano poyerekeza ndi kubzala mbewu

Mutha kupeza chomera chatsopano kuchokera kwa omwe mwapeza kapena msatsi wodziyimira pawokha. Zobzala zapamwamba zimakhala ndi izi:

• Mmera uli ndi chaka chimodzi: zoyambira zachikulire zimalekerera ndikusunthika kwambiri.
• Thawani kuchokera 20 cm kutalika ndi 5 mm wandiweyani wobiriwira pamtunda. Palibe kuwonongeka kapena chizindikiro cha kudwala.
• Wokhazikitsidwa bwino, osinthika, oyera pamizu yodulidwa mulingo wazidutswa zosachepera zitatu.
• Impso zomwe zidapangidwa pazinthu zinayi.
• Masamba obiriwira osakhala ndi masamba opindika, opotoza ndi kuwonongeka kwa masamba owongoka.

Zofunika! Mutha kugula mmera kale kuposa masiku awiri musanabzale. Kukhazikika kwa mizu mlengalenga kumayambitsa kukokomeza kwambiri ndipo kumapangitsa kuti chitukuko chikule.

Asanabzala, korona imadulidwa kuchokera mmera ndipo zouma kapena zowonongeka zimachotsedwa. Kenako muzutse mizu mwachindunji ndikukula ndikuchotsa ziwalo zonse pansi pa kanjedza. Kutalika kwa mizu mutadula sikuyenera kupitirira 15 cm.

Njira imeneyi imalimbikitsa nthambi za mizu ndipo zimalepheretsa ma pena pobzala. Mukadulira, mmera umanyowetsedwa kwa maola 24 m'madzi oyera, kenako mu njira yothetsera mizu (Zircon, Kornevin, Heteroauxin).

Malangizo oyenda

Ndikofunika kubzala mphesa mwakuzama kuti muteteze ku chisanu

Mutha kupeza chosindikiza chatsopano cha mtengo wa mpesawo pobzala mmera, kuzika mizu kapena kudula masamba.

Mbande

Njira yofikira imafunikira kukonzekera dzenje pasadakhale

Gawo loyamba lodzala mphesa m'dzinja ndi mbande ndikukonzekera dzenje ndi mulifupi ndi 80 cm:

1. Choyamba, woyala wosanjikiza 40 cm amachotsedwa, kenako wotsikirapo. Nthaka amayala mbali zosiyanasiyana.
2. Manda aikidwa pansi pa dzenje: njerwa yosweka, dongo lotukulidwa.
3. Kusakaniza kwa michere kumakonzedwa kuchokera ku dothi lakumwamba ndikusakaniza zinthu zotsatirazi:
   • 3 zidebe za humus kapena kompositi;
   • 150 g mchere wa potaziyamu;
   • 250 g wa superphosphate;
   • 2 kg ya phulusa.
4. Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a dzenjelo limadzaza ndi chisakanizo ndipo chidebe chamadzi chimathiridwa kuti dothi likhazikike.

Yomweyo yambani kufika masabata awiri:

1. Pakati pa dzenje, mtengo umakhazikitsidwa kuti ukhale chida chomenyera m'tsogolo. Gawo la zosakaniza zamankhwala zimatsanulidwa pafupi ndi iye.
2. Mmera wokonzeka umayikidwa paphiri. Mizu imayikidwa m'mphepete mwa ngodya ya madigiri 45: malo awa amawalepheretsa kuwerama.
3. Pang'onopang'ono dzenjelo limadzazidwa ndi dothi, ndikupanga aliyense wosanjikiza. Khosi la mmera liyenera kugumuka ndi pamwamba.
4. Mutabzala, chomeracho chimathiriridwa madzi ambiri, pansi pamakwiriridwa ndi peat, humus kapena chabe dothi louma.

Kudula

Zidulidwe zimayenera kukonzedwa nthawi yachilimwe ikudulira mphesa

Phesi ndi gawo la mpesa womwe umadulidwa mu masamba osiyanasiyana. Zobzala zotere zimakhalabe zochuluka pambuyo poti mitengoyo izitenthe. Monga lamulo, mphukira yomwe imapangidwa bwino kwambiri imasankhidwa ndipo gawo lapamwamba ndi masamba atatu ophukitsidwa limadulidwa kuchokera kwa iwo. Chotsani zotsatizana:

1. Kukumba ngalande 25-30 cm.
2. Dothi la humus limathiridwa pansi, pamwamba pake ndi dothi ladz michere.
3. Zidula zimayikidwa patali 15 cm masentimita kuchokera kwina ndikupanga kumwera. Impso ziwiri zimayikidwa m'nthaka, zina zimatsalira pamwamba.
4. Madzi abwino ndi ngalande yamadzi ofunda.
5. Zodulidwa zimaphimbidwa ndi mabotolo apulasitiki kapena filimu pa arcs yokhazikitsidwa. Kutseka koteroko kumathandizira kukhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira komanso kutentha kwa mizu yantchito.

Malingaliro ndi zinsinsi zina zogwirira ntchito ndi odulidwa kuchokera kwa alimi odziwa zambiri munkhaniyi: //diz-cafe.com/sad-ogorod/vyirashhivanie-vinograda-iz-cherenkov.html

Chubukami

Ndikwabwino kusankha yosalala chubuki kuti isatenge malo ambiri

Chubuki ndi timitengo ting'onoting'ono ta mpesa ndi masamba angapo ophukika. Asanabzale pamalo otseguka, zimayamba kumera m'chipinda kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha kutentha kwa + 24 ... 26^oC:

1. Dulani Chubuki kwa maola 3-4 woyikidwa mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate. Ndiye kutsukidwa ndikuwuma.
2. Dulani mbali zakumunsi komanso zotsika ndi masentimita 1-2 ndikuyika chubuki panjira yothetsera mizu ("Kornevin", "Zircon") kwa masiku awiri.
3. Gawo lomaliza lomera ndikukhazikitsa madzi oyera.
4. Chubuki amabzalidwa pamalo otseguka pambuyo poti mizu yake yakula masentimita 5-7.Ulimiwu ndi wofanana ndi kudula mitengo.

Kusamalira mphesa zobzalidwa nyengo yozizira isanakwane

Ndikofunika kusamalira mphesa zobzalidwa isanayambike nyengo yachisanu ndikuyiyika kuti iziteteza ku chisanu

Kusamalira mbande ndi kudula kumakhala kuthirira ndi kumasula nthaka. Kuphatikiza mbewu zazing'ono sizofunikira.

Ndi isanayambike kuzizirira kwanyengo, pansi pamadzipo pamatira udzu wouma, udzu, utuchi, humus. Kutalika kwa magawo 10 cm.

Poyembekezera chisanu, munda wamphesawo umakutidwa ndi agrofibre, ndikuuyika pazithunzi zokhazikitsidwa. Chimodzi mwazosankha zogona ndi kukhazikitsa zapa zanyumba ndi nyumba. Mtundu uwu wa kutchinjiriza udzateteza mphesa kuti zisazizidwe komanso kuti zisawonongeke ndi mphukira.

Kutengera luso la kubzala komanso malo abwino okhala, mbewu zazing'ono zimatha bwino nthawi yozizira ndikuyamba masamba akhama kumapeto kwa mvula. Mbande za chaka chimodzi zimapereka mbewu yoyamba mzaka ziwiri.