Kukongoletsa kanyumba kanyengo kanyumba kakang'ono ndi maluwa okongola ndi maloto a ambiri. Koma kuti mutenge chilumba chokongola, maluwa amodzi sangakhale okwanira. Pali zambiri zobisika m'malimi awo: kuyambira kubzala mbewu zatsopano mpaka kuzisunga m'nthawi yachisanu. Tionanso zolakwa zazikulu zomwe wamaluwa ambiri amapanga posamalira maluwa.
Mumasiya katemera panthaka
Mukamagula duwa ndi katemera kuti mubzale, muyenera kuphunzira mosamala mawonekedwe a kubzala. Kuti mumvetsetse zobisika izi, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chomera cholimilidwa kumtengowo chimalumikizidwa m'chiuno chakuthengo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kusintha kulikonse kosayenera ndi chitsa chake kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zosasangalatsa. Katemera payekha ndi malo opanda mphamvu pamera. Malo ake olakwika nthawi yobzala angayambitse kuti m'malo mwa chitsamba chonunkhira bwino, duwa losavuta limaphuka. Tsopano ponena malamulowo:
- Katemera ayenera kuyikidwa m'nthaka ndi mainchesi atatu. Apa muyenera kuganiziranso za dothi lamtunduwu pamalowo: ngati mchenga - kuonjezera kuya, ngati dongo - ndiye kuchepetsa mpaka 1.5 - 2 cm;
- mukasiya katemera pamtunda, mphukira zazing'ono zimayamba kukulira pamtunda. Zimayimira kukula kwamtchire ndikuchepetsa gawo la mbewu, ndikuchotsa michere;
- wokhala ndi malo okuya katemera, duwa sangathe kuzika mizu, khosi la muzu nthawi yothirira izayamba kunyowa ndikuvunda, ndipo kukongola kwanu, osakhala ndi nthawi yokumusangalatsa ndi maluwa ambiri, adzafa chaka choyamba.
Mumadula duwa pachilimwe
Kudulira kuyenera kuchitika nthawi yachilimwe: chotsani maluwa owongoka ndi nthambi zowola, dulani masamba akhungu kuti muwonjezere maluwa. Ponseponse, nthawi yabwino kwambiri yopangira maluwa ndi chiyambi cha nyengo yachilimwe, yomwe imakonda kuphukira. Pofika m'mwezi wa Epulo tiziwoneka bwino kuti ndi mphukira ziti zomwe zidawonda bwino, komanso odwala, kapena ofota. Kuchotsa kufooka kumapeto kumapeto kwa Epulo kapena kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, pomwe masamba oyamba akuwonekera, amalola kuti duwa lipeze mphamvu ndikuwatsogolera pakupanga mphukira zathanzi. Zimayambira zimayenera kudulidwa kumalo a mphukira yoyamba pa duwa, ndi nthambi zoonda pansi pamunsi.
Mukamakonzekera maluwa a dzinja, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizidulira m'dulidwe, koma osakuwonongerani. Ndikokwanira kupanga kuyesa kwapamwamba kwa nsonga. Kudulira mozama kumayambitsa kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano, zomwe zimatenga mphamvu zonse pachomera ndipo zimachoka kuti dzinja lithe. Za masamba otsalira pa maluwa, siyani momwe zilili. Lekani chomera kuti chisankhe nthawi yanji masamba. Muli zakudya zomwe ndizofunikira pa mbewuyi panthawi yachisanu.
Nthawi zambiri mumathirira duwa
Ngakhale kuti mfumukaziyi ya maluwa ndiyophatikiza, samakonda kuthilira pafupipafupi komanso kuthirira. Kuthirira kotereku kumabweretsa kukula kwamphamvu kwa mizu yakumaso ndikuwonongeka kwawo pakupanga kumasula. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito kusungunuka kapena madzi amvula kuthirira, ndikuthirira madzi amadziwe omwe ali pamalowo ndioyeneranso. Tchire limapwetekedwa mtima chifukwa chosowa chinyezi - mphukira zazing'ono zimasiya kukula, masamba amafota, ndipo masamba akucheperachepera, ndipo amakhala ochepa. Tsatirani zomwe mwapemphedwa: mukawuma, malita 5 pachitsamba chilichonse 2 kapena katatu pa sabata. M'nyengo yotentha, nthawi yambiri kuthirira kumachepetsedwa 1 nthawi.
Tsopano pokonzekera nyengo yozizira. Kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, pafupipafupi kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, ndipo masiku oyamba a Seputembala ayenera kuthetsedweratu. Ngati chilimwe chinali mvula, ndiye kuti masikuwo amasinthidwa kukhala oyamba. Kuti nthawi yozizira ikhale yabwino, nthaka yomwe ili pansi pa duwa izikhala youma. Mwambiri, duwa, limodzi ndi kudziwa kwawo madzi, sililekerera dothi lonyowa. Mizu yake yotalikirana kwambiri m'malo okhala chinyontho, nthawi zambiri imatha kufa chifukwa chosowa chinyontho. Koma sichingalekerere kuzizira, chifukwa mizu imatha kuzizira, chifukwa dothi lonyowa limazizira msanga.
Mumathira manyowa asanagwe
Tchire la Rose limakonda feteleza ndipo limayankhira kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa okongola. Koma zonse zimayenera kuchitika mosamalitsa komanso munthawi yake. Simungathe kuwakwanira, ndi okwanira kudyetsa ziwiri nthawi yachilimwe: koyambilira kwa kasupe ndi chilimwe. Feteleza aliyense amakhala ndi nthawi yake:
- Chakudya choyamba chimachitika pafupi ndi Meyi, feteleza wovuta wokhala ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi calcium imayambitsidwa.
- Chovala chachiwiri chapamwamba chimagwera masiku oyamba chilimwe ndipo chikufunika kuyambitsa kukula kwa mphukira ndikumanga unyinji wobiriwira. Nayitrogeni imayambitsidwa nthawi imeneyi, ndipo masamba atayamba kupanga, kuwonjezera phosphorous ndi potaziyamu yambiri wamaluwa.
Kuchulukitsa kwa nayitrogeni - mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe - kumayambitsa kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano zomwe zilibe nthawi yoti zikule komanso kuzizira nyengo yozizira. Kuphatikiza apo, adzadwala komanso kuukira tizirombo. Asanadye nyengo yachisanu, kuzungulira pakati pa Seputembala, chovala chapamwamba ndi phosphorous-potaziyamu chomwe chingathandize kupirira matenda ndi chimfine, komanso kukonza matope.
Mumasenda masamba obiriwira nthawi yachisanu
Kukonzekeretsa kukongola kofewa kwa dzinja, muyenera kusamalira pabwino pabwino la mizu. Ndiamene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha chisanu. Ndipo alimi odziwa ntchito zamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito mphete kuti izi zitheke, koma muyenera kuchita izi molondola kuti zisawononge mbewu. Osatulutsa tchire ndi peat nthawi yachisanu. Imagwira chinyezi chambiri komanso nthawi yachisanu yozizira, mizu yamaluwa imadzuka nthawi isanakwane, mphukira idzayenda ndikukula ndipo izi zidzatsogolera ku imfa yosaletseka.
Omwe alimi ena amaphimba ndi dothi louma, pamfundo zongolimira mbatata. Iyi si njira yoyipa, koma potengera izi, pali chiopsezo chowononga gawo la mizu ndikumasulira duwa chisanadze. Ntchito yopewa kuteteza mizu kuti isanyowe komanso kukalamba. Chifukwa chake, pogona pamafunika kupuma komanso mwachilengedwe. Pangani zosakaniza theka la dziko lapansi ndi mchenga wolingana ndi mitsinje ikuluikulu, ndikumataya mankhwala ndikuwuma bwino. Kumapeto koyambirira kwa Okutobala, tsanulirani osakaniza pansi pa chitsamba ndi wozungulira wosakwana masentimita 10, ndipo kutentha kukatsika pansi pa ziro, kutsanulira bulangeti lenileni la dzinja pamwamba pake. Dothi louma liyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 30.
Ngati mungaganizire zolakwika zonse zomwe anthu okhala mu chilimwe amapanga nthawi zambiri akamakula maluwa, simungathe kumera zitsamba zathanzi m'dera lanu, komanso mungapangitse arboretum weniweni wa pinki ndikusangalala ndi maluwa komanso maluwa onunkhira a maluwa achifumu koposa nyengo imodzi.
