Tradescantia ndi chomera chaudzu kuchokera ku banja la Commeline. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mphukira zosinthika ndipo imakhala chomera kapena chophukira. Latin America imadziwika kuti ndi malo obisika a tradescantia, ngakhale imapezeka m'malo otentha komanso otentha am'mayiko ena, pomwe mbewu zimapanga chophimba chobiriwira nthawi zonse. Tender tradescantia nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera, koma imatha kukhala ngati chokongoletsera m'mundamo, komanso imatha kuchiritsa katundu. Pakusamalira mbewu, kuyesetsa kwakukulu sikofunikira. Mphukira zowoneka bwino zimakonda kusangalatsa ndi kukongola ndipo nthawi zonse zimakutidwa ndi maluwa.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Tradescantia - osatha ndi zokwawa zokwawa kapena zimayambira. Nthambi zokongola zimakutidwa ndi masamba owola, ovoid kapena masamba lanceolate. Nthambi zimamera pamtunda wa petioles kapena kumera mphukira ndi maziko. Imatha kukhala ndi utoto wowonekera kapena wowoneka bwino mumtundu wobiriwira, wofiirira kapena wapinki. Pamaso pa tsamba palibe. Mukakhudzana ndi dothi, mizu imapezeka mwachangu.
Nthawi yamaluwa, ndipo imatha kuchitika nthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka, inflorescence yaying'ono yaying'ono imamera pachimake pa tradescantia. Amakhala ndi masamba ambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo ndi maluwa ochepa okha oyera kapena amtoto wofiirira omwe amawululidwa. Ngakhale maluwa amatha kupitirira miyezi 3-4, duwa limodzi limakhala tsiku limodzi. Ma corollas okhala ndi masamba atatu okhala ndi miyala yofewa yomwe imatuluka kuchokera ku calesx yamdima wobiriwira. Ziphuphu ndi zaulere. Pakatikati pake pali mulu wa stamens wautali wokhala ndi maatenti akuluakulu achikaso kumapeto. Ma stamenti amathanso ndi mulu wautali wa siliva.
Pambuyo popukutira, ma achenes ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi nthiti zowongoka amamangidwa. Bokosi lomwe linang'ambika masamba awiri.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya tradescantia
Pakalipano, akatswiri azomera apeza mitundu yoposa 75 yazomera. Ena mwa iwo ndi otchuka.
Tradescantia ndi yoyera-yoyera. Mphukira zosunthika zimaphimba masamba ovoid kapena masamba owondera. Mapulogalamu 6 cm mulitali ndi 2,5 cm mulifupi. Pamwamba pawo ndi yosalala, yofunda kapena yamiyala, yopyapyala. Maambulera inflorescence okhala ndi maluwa oyera oyera amapangika pamwamba pa mphukira. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Aurea - masamba achikasu amaphimbidwa ndi mikwingwirima yobiriwira;
- Tricolor - tsamba lobiriwira lophimbidwa ndi mizere ya lilac, pinki ndi yoyera.
Namwali wa Tradescantia. Herbaceous osatha ndi mphukira zowoneka bwino, zophukira zimakula ndi 50-60 masentimita. Kutalika kwa tsamba la masamba kumafika 20 cm ndipo m'lifupi mwake masentimita 4. Maluwa okhala ndi miyala yofiirira kapena yapinki amadziyika mu umbrella inflorescence. Nthawi ya maluwa imayamba mkatikati mwa chilimwe ndipo imatha kuposa miyezi iwiri.
Tradescantia Anderson. Gulu lokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsa imakhala yotsatira ya kubzala ndi mawonekedwe am'mbuyomu. Zomera zokhala ndi nthambi, zowongoka zolimba zimakula 30-80 cm kutalika. Masamba akulu amakula pamiyala yomata. Maluwa atatu tating'ono atapakidwa matani amtambo, oyera, apinki ndi ofiirira. Maluwa amachitika nthawi yonse ya chilimwe. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Iris - maluwa ozama kwambiri;
- Leonora - maluwa ang'onoang'ono a violet-buluu;
- Osprey - wokhala ndi maluwa oyera.
Tradescantia wa Blossfeld. Mphukira zam'mimba zimafalikira pansi ndikufanana ndi ma suppulents. Amakutidwa ndi khungu lofiirira. Masamba a Sedentary oval ndi m'mphepete mwake amakula 4-8 cm kutalika ndi 1-3 cm mulifupi. Pamwamba pake pamakhala zobiriwira zakuda ndi pang'ono pang'ono. Mbali yotsogola ndi yofiirira, yofiyira. Ma axillary inflorescences amakhala ndi ma corollas okhala ndi miyala 3 yofiirira. Pamanda ndi stamen pali mulu wautali wautali.
Tradescantia ndimtsinje. Mapiko ake osalimba amatuluka pamwamba pa nthaka. Amakutetezani ndi khungu losalala lopindika. M'malo osowa kwambiri, masamba obiriwira owalaid amakula 2-2,5 masentimita ndi 1.5-2 cm mulifupi. Kumbuyo kwa masamba ndi kufalikira kwa lilac.
Tradescantia zebrin. Chomera chokhala ndi tsinde lokwawa nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chopitilira. Imakutidwa ndi masamba ofupika a ovoid okhala ndi m'mphepete. Kutalika kwa masamba ake ndi 8-10 masentimita, ndipo m'lifupi ndi masentimita 4-5. Mbali yakutsogolo kuli zingwe zasiliva zomwe zimayimitsidwa pakati pa mtsempha wapakati. Mbali yokhotakhota ndi monophonic, lilac red. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono ndi ofiirira kapena ofiirira.
Tradescantia ndi violet. Herbaceous osatha ndi nthambi zokhala ndi nthambi zambiri, zowongoka kapena zogonera. Zoyambira ndi masamba ake zimakhala ndi utoto wofiirira. Kumbuyo kwa masamba ndi pubescent. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi miyala 3 yapinki kapena rasipiberi.
Tradescantia ndiwocheperako. Chomera chokongoletsera kwambiri choyenera kulima m'nyumba. Mitengo yake yocheperako ya lilac-yofiirira imakutidwa ndi ochepa kwambiri (mpaka 5 mm kutalika), masamba a ovate. Mbali za pepalalo ndizosalala, zonyezimira. Kutsogolo kuli mtundu wobiriwira wakuda, ndipo chosinthacho ndi lilac.
Tradescantia vesicular (rheo). Chomera chosatha chokhala ndi minofu, yolimba masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Mpanda wokulirapo kwambiri wamasamba 20-30 cm ndipo masentimita 5-7 mumapangidwa mozungulira. Ili ndi malo osalala, kutsogolo kowoneka bwino kobiriwira ndi kumbuyo kwapinki. Maluwa sakhalitsa. Maluwa oyera ang'onoang'ono amapanga pansi pabedi. Mwa kapangidwe kameneka ka inflorescence, nyamayi imatchedwa "Rook of Moses."
Njira zolerera
Tradescantia ikhoza kufalitsika ndi njira zobereka (mbewu) ndi zomeretsa (kudula, kugawa chitsamba) njira. Kufesa mbewu zakonzedwera March. Konzani mbale ndi mchenga ndi peat nthaka pasadakhale. Mbewu zabwino zimagawilidwa pansi ndikusakanizidwira pansi. Zomera zimathiriridwa madzi ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu. Malo obiriwira amasungidwa kutentha + 20 ° C ndi kuwala kozungulira. Condensate ayenera kuchotsedwa pafupipafupi ndipo nthaka yonyowa. Kuwombera kumawonekera mu masabata a 1-2, pambuyo pake pothawirako amachotsedwa. Mbewu zachikale zimazidulira mumiphika ndi dothi la anthu akuluakulu. Maluwa awo adzachitika patatha zaka 2-3.
Mukafalitsa ndikudula, nsonga zake zimadulidwa kutalika kwa 10-15 cm.Zitha kuzika mizu m'madzi kapena kumasula nthaka yachonde. Zomera zimakutidwa ndi kanema ndipo zimasungidwa pa + 15 ... + 20 ° C, shading kuchokera ku dzuwa. Pambuyo pa masiku 7 - 7 (masabata 6-8 okongoletsera mitundu), chizimba chitakula ndikukula kwayamba.
Pakuzula, chitsamba chachikulu chitha kugawidwa m'magawo angapo. Kuti muchite izi, ambiri mwa zoumba zadothi amachotsedwa pamizu ndikuudula ndi tsamba. Malo omwe mabala amathandizidwa ndi makala osweka. Delenki adabzala nthawi yomweyo, osalola kuti nthambizo ziume.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Kukongoletsa nyumba ndi tradescantion m'chipinda kungakhale kwabwino kwambiri. Ndikokwanira kumamupatsa malo abwino.
Kuwala Kuwala kowala ndi mithunzi kuyambira masana dzuwa ndikofunikira. Mphezi zachindunji zimatha m'mawa kapena madzulo, apo ayi masamba amatenthedwa msanga. Mutha kuyika miphika mu kuya kwa chipinda chakumwera kapena kum'mawa (kumadzulo) kwawindo. Mitundu yokhala ndi masamba opindika ndi yofunika kwambiri pakuwala.
Kutentha Mu Epulo-Seputembala, malonda azikhala bwino pa + 25 ° C. M'masiku otentha, muyenera kuyatsa chipindacho nthawi zambiri kapena kupititsa maluwa kumweya wabwino. Zima nyengo yozizira iyenera kuzizira (+ 8 ... + 12 ° C). Izi zidzakwaniritsa nthawi yayitali masana komanso kupewa kuti zimayambira. Mutha kusiya tradescantia yozizira kuti ikhale yotentha ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwakumbuyo.
Chinyezi. Tradescantia imatha kusintha chinyezi m'nyumba, koma amayankha kupopera. Amasambitsidwanso nthawi ndi nthawi kuchokera kufumbi.
Kuthirira. Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, kuthirira kumayenera kukhala kochulukirapo kuti dothi limangoyala pamwamba. Madzi onse owonjezera ukatha kuthirira. Ndi nyengo yozizira yabwino, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kwambiri kuti bowa asamere. Supuni zochepa pa sabata ndizokwanira.
Feteleza. Mu Epulo-Ogasiti 2-3 pamwezi, tradescantia amadyetsedwa ndi yankho la mchere kapena kuvala zovala zapamwamba. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu sizigwiritsidwa ntchito. Chaka chonse, feteleza safunika.
Thirani Tradescantia imalekerera kupatsidwa kwabwino. Kutengera zaka, imachitika zaka 1-3 zilizonse. Ngati ndi kotheka, tchire limagawika, komanso kudulira nthambi zachikale. Osakaniza dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira ndi lachonde. Mutha kugula dothi lopangidwa kale kapena mupange nokha:
- dothi lokhathamira (2 maola);
- dothi louma (1 ora);
- tsamba humus (1 ora);
- mchenga (maola 0,5).
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Nthawi zambiri tradescantia samadwala matenda azomera. Pokhapokha pakalepo, chomera chofooka chimatha kupatsira bowa (zowola mizu, ufa wa powdery). Kuchokera pa majeremusi, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zotupa zimatha kumuvutitsa.
Kulima dimba
Garden tradescantia ndi zokongola modabwitsa pamalowo. Papangidwe kamtunda, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma mixbord, m'mphepete mwa dziwe, alpine slides. Amabzalidwa m'mphepete mwa mpanda komanso m'malo achinyezi. Chomera ichi chimamva bwino pakati pa wolandirayo, wolemera, Lungwort, ferns ndi astilbe. Mukamalemba kapangidwe kake, chinthu chachikulu ndikusankha mitundu yoyenera kutalika ndi mawonekedwe.
Malo. Tradescantia imabzalidwa mumtunda wochepa kapena m'malo owala bwino, yotetezedwa ku zojambula ndi mphepo. Nthaka zimakonda chonde, humus, chokwanira kupezeka. Musanabzale, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mchenga, humus, ndi dothi lapansi.
Kuthirira. Tradescantia imafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso kokwanira kuti dothi limangoyala panthaka. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumayima kwathunthu. M'madera otentha akum'mwera, ochepa kuthirira.
Feteleza. M'mwezi wa Marichi-Epulo, tchire zimapatsidwa chakudya chambiri chamaluwa. Panthawi yophukira, kuvala pamwamba kumabwerezedwa.
Zisanu. M'madera momwe mulibe kutentha konse nyengo yozizira, tradescantia ikhoza kusiyidwa poyera. Monga pogona gwiritsani ntchito polyethylene kapena zinthu zosakuta. Izi zisanachitike, dothi laphikidwa ndi mbewa ndi peat.
Zothandiza katundu
Madzi a Tradescantia ali ndi bactericidal komanso mabala ochiritsa. M'mayiko ena, amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi aloe, ngakhale mankhwala osankhidwa. Masamba atsopano amawumbidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuvulala pakhungu, komanso zithupsa ndikuyika bandeji. Zigawo za Tradescant zimachepetsa shuga m'magazi.
Ma infusions amadzimadzi ochokera ku mphukira ndi masamba amathandizanso kuthana ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba komanso kufalikira kwa magwero opatsirana. Malangizo amatengedwa kuti agonjetse zilonda zapakhosi ndi pamphuno. Amathandizanso pochotsa pamlomo wamkamwa ndi stomatitis ndi periodontitis.
Tradescantia ilibe zotsutsana. Ndikofunika kuti musatengeke kwambiri ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti anthu ambiri sakonda.
