Liatris ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri chamaluba chomwe chimatha kukhala chokongoletsera chabwino kwambiri cha bedi la maluwa chifukwa cha inflorescence yayitali yofanana ndi makandulo fluffy. Ndi banja la Astrov ndipo limachokera ku North America. Komanso, limatchedwa lyatris limatchedwa "lilime la", "nthenga zoseketsa", "nyenyezi yamoto." Palibe chosangalatsa ndi fungo la lyatris. Ndiwotsekemera pang'ono, pafupi ndi vanila, koma wophatikizidwa ndi tart nothi a msipu watsopano. Modabwitsa, fungo lokopa ndi losasangalatsa kwa njenjete, kotero maluwawo amaikidwa mu chipinda chowongolera kuti aziwopseza tizilombo. Ili ndi lyatris komanso katundu wochiritsa. Palibe chodabwitsa kuti dzina lake lingamasuliridwe kuti "dokotala".
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Liatris ndi therere losatha lomwe limakhala ndi mizu yozungulira. Tamba lakuthwa kwambiri limayamba kukula pamwamba pa nthaka ndipo limatalikirana ndi 0,3-1 m. Nthambizo zimakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino popanda masamba. Masamba amakula mluzu kapena umodzi, wokhala pafupi ndi inzake. Pamasamba pali tiziwala timene timabisala - zinthu zonunkhira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mafuta ofunikira.
M'chilimwe, maluwa ambiri amayamba. M'malekezero a mphukira, mafuta obiriwira, owala kwambiri amatha 40 cm.Amakhala masiku 30 mpaka 40. Kutalika kwakutali kumakhala ndi timiyala tambiri ta mabasiketi tating'ono, momwe timiyala tating'ono 3, 3, tofiirira, tofiirira kapena utoto wofiirira. Ma inflorescence amayamba kuphulika kuchokera kumtunda, ndipo masamba pansi amakhala omasuka.
Corollas imakhala ndi miyala yayitali yopapatiza, kotero mawonekedwe onse amawoneka osalala. Fungo labwino limakopa tizirombo tambiri tambiri pamalowo. Ntchito yawo itatha, zipatso zimacha - chowulungika sichimasiyidwa ndi ziphuphu.
Mitundu ya Liatris
Mitunduyi imakhala ndi mitundu 50 ya mbewu, koma atatu okha ndi omwe amapezeka mchikhalidwe.
Spikelet Liatris (spicata). Chomera chokhala ndi udzu wokhala ndi masamba ochepa. Kutalika kwake sikupita masentimita 50. Masamba osalala opindika amajambula utoto wobiriwira wowala. Mu June-Julayi, kachulukidwe kakang'ono kamene kamafalikira kumatulutsa masentimita 30 mpaka 35.
- Kobold - pinki wofiirira inflorescence pachimake pa mphukira mpaka 40 cm;
- Florian Weiss - chimayambira kutalika kwa 90 cm ndi makandulo akulu oyera-oyera;
- Floristan Violet ndi gulu la mitundu yomwe imamasula mosiyanasiyana utoto wofiirira.
Rat Liatris (aspera). Amapanga nthenga zazitali zowongoka mpaka 1.5-2 m kutalika ndi masamba. Masamba opaka utoto wobiriwira wobiriwira. Nsonga za zikumera zimakongoletsedwa ndi kufupika kwamitundu yozungulira kapena yopingasa paticle ya lavender yakuda kapena hue. Mitundu yoyera yoyera (yoyera) imakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa oyera otuwa.
Liatris membranous (scariosa). Masamba obiriwira obiriwira kwambiri amapezeka pamitu yolimba ndi ma whorls. Nsonga zake zimakongoletsedwa ndi inflorescence yotsika ya panicle yofanana ndi ma pomponi. Amakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ofiira komanso ofiirira. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Alba - inflorescence yoyera yoyera ndi maluwa onunkhira bwino;
- September Ulemelero ndi chomera chachitali chamaluwa akuluakulu owoneka bwino.
Kuswana
Lyatris amafalitsa ndi mbewu, kugawanika kwa tchire ndi ma tubers. Nthawi zambiri, kufesa mbewu kumachitika nthawi yomweyo kumapeto kwa Marichi kapena Novembala. Kokha mwa kumpoto ndikofunikira kuti mbande zisafike mbuto yachisanu. Kuti muchite izi, ma grooves 1-1,5 masentimita akuya amapangidwa pamalo owala bwino, malo otseguka ndipo mbewu zimagawikidwamo. Kuyambira pamwambapa, mbewu zimakonkhedwa ndi nthaka, ndipo nthawi yozizira zimaphimbidwa ndi peat.
Mphukira zimawonekera pambuyo pa masabata 1-2 ndipo sizimayambitsa zovuta kwa wolima dimba. Zomera zomwe zakulidwazidazi zimacheperachepera, kuthirira ndi udzu. Mu Seputembala, zitha kusinthidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana m'mundamo, momwe zimapangira mkokomo wobiriwira wobiriwira. Maluwa pa tchire adzawonekera pokhapokha zaka ziwiri.
Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa amafalitsa mwala wamatumbo, ndikugawa chitsamba chachikulu m'magawo angapo. Komanso, zaka 3-4 zilizonse njirayi ndiyofunikira kuti ipangitsenso nthula. M'dzinja kapena koyambirira kwamasika, chitsamba chimakumbidwa, kutsukidwa pansi ndikuchimanga ndi manja ndimagawo. Mphepo yomwe imayamba chifukwa chake imabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo ndikuzama masentimita 8 mpaka 15 ndi mainchesi 25 mpaka 40. Ndikofunikira kuti musazitse khosi lamizu mukabzala.
Tubers mawonekedwe a rhizome wa okalamba okalamba. Ngati kukula kwake kupitirira 2 cm, mu Epulo-Juni, mabingu amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndikubzala. Kubzala kumachitika poyera, dzenje laling'ono limaphukira. Tuber kumera mu 3-4 milungu.
Kutenga ndi kusamalira
Liatris amabzala m'malo otseguka. Dothi labwinobwino la dothi losalowerera ndale kapena lofooka ndilabwino. Dothi lolemera komanso lonyowa limasakanizidwa ndi mbeu, ndiye kuti silibzalidwa pamitengo, malo otsika kapena m'madziwe oyandikira. Kusamalira lithatrix ndikunyinyirika. Zomera zimalekerera chilala bwino komanso sizimafunikira kuthirira, pokhapokha kukalibe mvula masiku opitilira 10.
Mu Epulo-Meyi, kuvala koyamba kwam mineral kumachitika ndi zovuta zomwe zimakhala ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. M'chilimwe, nthawi ya maluwa, amalimbikitsidwa kuthirira tchire ndi yankho la manyowa owola. Muyenera kumadulira dothi pafupi ndi bedi la maluwa kuti muchotse udzu ndikuwongolera mwayi wofalikira kumizu. Nthawi yomweyo, kumasula kumachitika mosamala, popeza ma tubers omwe ali pa ma rhizomes ali pafupi ndi dziko lapansi.
Ma inflorescence ofota amawadulira kuti asachepetse kukongoletsa kwa nkhokwe. Tchire lobiriwira lomwe limakhala ndi masamba opendekera lokha limakongoletsa dimba. Ngakhale maluwa a lyatris amakhala osatha, m'dzinja gawo lonse limafa. Amadula pansi.
Liatris amalimbana ndi kusintha kulikonse kwa kutentha; iye amakula bwino nyengo yachilimwe komanso nyengo yamvula komanso yamvula. Mizu imatha kuzizira kokha nyengo yotentha yopanda chisanu pamatenthedwe -25 ° C. Pankhaniyi, ndibwino kuphimba dimba lamaluwa ndi masamba agwa, masamba a peat ndi spruce kutalika kwa masentimita 10-15. Strawle sagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa izi, chifukwa makoswe omwe amakhazikika mmalo mwake amatha kumata mbuna.
Liatris ali ndi vuto la kuvunda, komanso phokoso la ufa. Mafangayi amakula ndi kusefukira kwanyengo kwa dothi komanso kunyowa. Nthambo zazingwe zimakopanso nkhono, ma slog, ma cubs, kubereka ndi mbewa. Kuti ateteze malo, mbewu zimafafaniza kachilombo ndipo dothi limakhazikika. Mukadwala matenda oyamba ndi fungus, fungicides imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Masamba ndi mphukira zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi nkhungu kapena zowola ziyenera kudulidwa mwankhanza ndikuwonongedwa.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Okonza malo amagwiritsa ntchito lyatris kuti azikongoletsa chophatikizika, slide cha alpine, rockery ndi duwa losakaniza maluwa. Chomera chimakwaniritsa bwino mawonekedwe ake ndi zokometsera zakudyera komanso ma inflorescence okongola modabwitsa. Nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa pafupi ndi malo ampumulo kapena mawindo kuti ndizikhala ndi fungo labwino. Ferns, ma hydrangeas, anyezi wokongoletsa, chimanga, maluwa, geraniums ndi miyala yamtengo adzakhala othandizana ndi lyatris m'munda wamaluwa.
Ma inflorescence amatha kuwuma ndikugwiritsa ntchito kukonza maluwa. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuopseza njenjete ndi tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono m'nyumba.
A decoction wamasamba a lyatris amakhala ndi tonic, diuretic, machiritso ndi bactericidal kanthu. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kutsuka khungu lamavuto.
