Stalk (cerastium) ndi mbewu yosatha ya herbaceous mu banja la clove. Idapezeka koyamba pa Balkan Peninsula, koma duwa limakula bwino ku Eurasia, Africa ndi Australia. Amalimidwa ku Russia. Mitundu ili ndi mitundu yoposa zana. Chochititsa chidwi ndi zitsamba za siliva ndi masamba, komanso maluwa oyera. Nthambi zokhala ngati mapesi ofanana ndi chipale chofewa. Ngakhale maluwa atatha, chivundikiro chachilendo chimakopa chidwi chochuluka ndikupitilira mpaka chisanu. Phesi limapatsa chidwi kwambiri ndi malo. Sikovuta kumusamalira, ingowerenga malamulo osavuta.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Staplefly yamtunduwu imaphatikizapo zomera za herbaceous zapachaka komanso zosatha. Duwa limadyetsedwa bwino ndi phokoso lalitali kwambiri. Imawerengedwa ngati yamphamvu kwambiri chifukwa cha nthambi zopingasa, zomwe zimaloleza phesi kufalikira mtunda wautali. Zokwawa, zowongoka kapena zokulira panthambi. Mphukirayo imapakidwa utoto wamtundu wobiriwira ndipo umakutidwa ndi kufupika kwakanthawi.
Masamba otsutsa amakhala mwamphamvu pa tsinde kapena amakhala ndi petioles lalifupi. Puleti yokhala ndi masamba, ovoid kapena lanceolate imaloledwa kumapeto ndipo imakhala ndi mbali zolimba. Masamba amatha kupaka utoto wakuda kapena siliva. Pali mitundu yomwe ilibe masamba kapena masamba owala kwambiri. Pazofewa masamba, thunthu nthawi zina limatchedwa "makutu a mbewa".
Kuyambira khumi zoyambirira za Meyi, maluwa ambiri amakhala nthawi yayitali. Maluwa akhoza kuonekeranso mu Julayi. Masamba ali kumapeto kwa mphukira. Dawo lawo ndi masentimita 1-2. Corolla imakhala ndi miyala isanu ndi pakati momwe muliri woonda komanso wamfupi. Kumapeto kwa pachimake, nthambi yokhala ngati nyenyezi yakutsogolo-yayikulu imawoneka. Ma petals oyera amaphimbidwa ndi mizere ingapo yayitali yobiriwira kapena yofiirira. Kuchokera pamphepete mwa ma petals pafupi mpaka pakati pali mabala.
Chifukwa cha kupukutidwa, chipatso chimapsa - bokosi la mbewu la mawonekedwe a cylindrical. Ili ndi nthanga zokhala ndi nyanga komanso malo a bulauni. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchokera ku Latin "cerastium" amatanthauzidwa kuti "duwa la nyanga".
Mitundu ya chiputu
Japolis yamtunduwu ndi yochulukirapo, koma wamaluwa oweta makamaka adakonda ndi mitundu yochepa yokongoletsera.
Pesi la kumunda (cerastium vulgaris). Chomera cha shrub chofika mpaka 40 masentimita chimakhala ndi mphukira zobiriwira zakuda ndi masamba. Amakutidwa ndi kufupika kwakanthawi. Timapepala tadzala tating'ono kapena ovoid timakhala ndi tating'ono tating'ono. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera ngati chipale chofewa m'maso wa Meyi ndipo amakhala mpaka miyezi 4.
Wowonongera akumva. Chomera cha herbaceous 20-30 masentimita okwera chimakutidwa ndi mulu wosiliva. Kutalika konse kwa mphukira pali masamba ang'onoang'ono a lanceolate. Maluwa amayamba mu Meyi ndipo amatha mpaka masiku 35. Danga lokhala ndi maluwa oyera oyera ndi osachepera 1 cm. Mitunduyo imakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo pafupifupi siyikulitsa chuma chake.
Bibi ya Bieberstein. Malo otchingira pansi amapangika nsalu yotchinga, yokhala ngati pilo mpaka kutalika kwa 20 cm. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira obiriwira obisika obisika. Kumalekezero a zimayambira, ma ambulera ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi maluwa amaluwa. Danga la corolla limakhala pafupifupi masentimita 1.5. Limachita maluwa mu Meyi ndi June. Ikukula mwachangu ndipo imafuna malamulo okhwima.
Phala la Alpine. Zomera zimakhazikika, zitsamba zokhala ndi nthambi zofika mpaka 15 cm. Masamba obiriwira ngati siliva obiriwira amapezeka kutalika konse kwa mphukira. Maluwa okhala ndi mainchesi ofika mpaka 2 cm kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Ziphuphu zimatulutsidwa mwamphamvu m'magawo awiri.
Njira zolerera
Njira yofala komanso yosavuta kwambiri yofalitsira mapesi ndikufesa mbewu. Potseguka, mbewu zofesedwa mu Okutobala kapena pakati pa Epulo. M'mwezi wa Marichi, mutha kubzala mbewu ya mbande. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito zotengera zokhala ndi dothi lopepuka, lachonde. Mbewu zazing'ono zimagawidwa pamtunda ndikunyowetsa nthaka. Chotetezerachi chiyenera kuyikidwa pamalo oyanika bwino ndikuisungidwa pa kutentha kwa + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Zikwangwani zimawonekera pa tsiku lakhumi. Ndikofunika kuthirira mbewu mosamala kwambiri kuti zisawole. Mbewu zikakula mpaka 5 cm, zimayikidwa m'miphika iwiri ya mbewu zitatu. Potseguka, mbande zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwenikweni kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa June.
Mitundu yosatha ya mapesi imatha kufalitsa njira zamasamba:
- Gawani chitsamba. Chapakatikati, pomwe mbewu zikungoyamba kumene kudzuka, gawo lina la nsalu yotchinga limasiyanitsidwa ndipo, limodzi ndi mtanda wanthaka, unaziika kumalo atsopano.
- Mizu yodula. Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu kasupe, maluwa asanayambe, kapena mu August, atamaliza. Zodulidwa zimayambira pansi. Tsiku loti lisanadulidwe, phesi limamizidwa madzi ambiri kotero kuti mphukira zimadzaza ndi chinyezi. Mizu isanapangidwe, mbande zimasungidwa pansi pa hood.
Malamulo akumalo
Kuti phesi lizikula bwino, ndizofunikira kusamalira malo ndi mtundu wa dothi. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yopepuka komanso yopepuka. Iyenera kupukutidwa mpaka kuya kwa 15 mpaka 20 cm ndikuphwanya magulu akulu. M'dothi lonyansa, louma kapena lamchenga, muyenera kupanga kompositi, manyowa owola komanso pang'ono pang'ono. Nthaka yakulemera kwambiri imasakanikirana ndi gawo lalikulu la mchenga. Ma bus obzalidwa m'maenje osiyana ang'ono ndi mtunda wa 25-30 cm.Masiku oyambilira mutabzala, mbeu ziyenera kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zambiri.
Chifukwa cha mulu wandiweyani, phesi silivutika ndi dzuwa. Amakonda malo okhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndipo amatha kudwala pamtundu wochepa kapena m'malo otetezeka kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kuwinduka kochuluka komanso kutsika pang'ono, kukongoletsa ndi mafunde amphamvu ake samamuopa.
Kusamalira mbewu
Kusamalira phesi ndikosavuta kokwanira. Iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi pang'ono. Pakutentha kwambiri kokha komwe madzi ochepa amatha kuwonjezeredwa pansi pa muzu. Zomera sizigwirizana ndi chilala ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mvula yachilengedwe.
Nthawi zina amalimbikitsa kumasula dothi pafupi ndi chomeracho. Izi zimathandizira kuti mpweya udutse mizu ndikuchotsa namsongole. Kuti dothi mutathilira madzi osaphimbidwa ndi kutumphuka, liyenera kuzikiliridwa mu kasupe.
M'munda wachonde, phesi silifuna feteleza. Zomera zofooka zimatha kudyetsedwa kamodzi nthawi yamaluwa. Chifukwa cha izi, nyimbo zam'mimbazi zam'mera zamaluwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pang'onopang'ono, mapesi a chivundikiro amawonjezeka ndipo amawoneka osawoneka okongola kwambiri. Kuti mupewe izi, kasupe, phesi limadulidwa mpaka theka kutalika kwa mphukira.
Tsamba limalephera ngakhale kuzizira kwambiri. Nyanjayi imakhala yopanda chitetezo m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia komanso madera ena akumpoto. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito kanema, tchire limatha kukwatiwa ndikufa. Poyembekezera nyengo yozizira komanso yopanda chipale chofewa, mitengo yodzala ndi masamba obiriwira. Chapakatikati, mizu nthawi zina imavunda chifukwa chinyezi zambiri pambuyo pakusungunuka ndi chisanu.
Phesi siligwirizana ndi matenda ndipo silikhudzidwa ndi tizirombo. Ndi madzi okhazikika pokhapokha panthaka omwe amatha kuzika mizu.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Mbewuyi ndiyabwino kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amakongoletsedwa ndi malo otsetsereka, makoma ndi malo otseguka m'mundawo. Mitundu yasiliva yotsika mtengo ndiyoyenera kupanga mapiri a alpine, rockeries kapena mixborder. Ngati kukula kwa chiwembucho kulola, ndikofunikira kupatsa spruce malo akulu. Imakhala chophimba chodabwitsa kwambiri, chomwe m'malo akuluakulu chimakhala ndi chithumwa chapadera. M'nyengo yotentha, nthenga ndizofanana modzizira ndi chipale chofewa.
Stingray imayenda bwino ndi ma tulips, daffodils, calendula, daisies, stonecrops ndi mabelu. Mukamajambula kapangidwe ka maluwa, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuti phesi limakula mwachangu. Itha kukhala mwamtendere kwa mbewu zina.
Mwachikhalidwe kubzala maluwa osati poyera. Pamtunda kapena pa khonde, zowoneka ngati maluwa zopindika zokhala ndi siliva zimawoneka zochititsa chidwi. Maluwa onunkhira ocheperako ayenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi malo opumira.
Ubwino wa hawthorn
Magawo onse a phesi ali ndi saponins, coumarins, phenolcarboxylic acid, ndi flavonoids. Kututa kwa zopangira kumachitika nthawi ya maluwa. Decoctions amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sedative, komanso kubwezeretsa chitetezo chokwanira, polimbana ndi kuchepa kwa vitamini, conjunctivitis ndi hemorrhoids. Mankhwala wowerengeka, udzu umagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupewa khansa.
