Kodi nkhaka zotani ndizoyenera kukula kumpoto-kumadzulo kwa dzikoli

Kawirikawiri nkhaka ndi chikhalidwe chokonda kutentha chomwe chinabwera kwa ife kuchokera kumadera otentha a ku India. Amakonda anthu athu kuti popanda izo, n'zovuta kulingalira zamakono tsiku ndi tsiku. Choncho, kuti nthawi zonse mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala okoma, akufunikanso kukula paokha. Kumadera akum'mwera, sivuta kuchita izi. Koma anthu okhala m'madera ozizira ayenera kuyesetsa mwakhama kuti azikhala ndi masamba atsopano komanso obiriwira patebulo lawo. Pofuna kulimbitsa chikhalidwe, tidzakhala ndi malangizo kwa anthu a kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa dzikoli.

Zamkatimu:

• Mitundu yabwino ya nkhaka, malingana ndi malo olima
• Kumalo otseguka
• Pansi pa chophimba
• Mu wowonjezera kutentha
• Nkhaka kumpoto chakumadzulo: malangizo othandiza
• Ndemanga

Nthawi zosiyana za kumpoto chakumadzulo

Kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Russia kuli Leningrad, Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, Pskov, Novgorod, Vologda, Kaliningrad madera, Republic of Karelia ndi Komi, District Nenets Autonomous. Chigawochi chimakhala chofewa komanso mbali zina m'mabotolo.

Pezani mtundu wa nkhaka zomwe zimakula bwino ku Siberia, ndipo ndizo ziti zomwe zimakonzedwa ku Mizinda.

Kukhalapo kwa nyanja, ngakhale chimfine, kumapanga kusintha kwake kwa nyengo, kumapangitsa kukhala kocheperapo poyerekeza ndi zigawo za belu ili lomwe lili pansi kwambiri mu continent. Nthawi zonse pamakhala chinyezi, ngakhale mvula siigwera nthawi zambiri. Winters ndi ofatsa komanso ofunda. Pafupifupi January kutentha ndi -7 ° -9 ° С. Pafupi ndi kumpoto ndi kumtunda, kutentha kumatsikira ku -11 ° -13 ° C. Chilimwe ndi chozizira (15-17 ° С, nthawizina mpaka 20 ° С), mwachidule, ndi nyengo yosakhazikika kwambiri. Kutha kwala, kumvula mvula. Tsiku lowala pano ndilolitali, makamaka m'nyengo yam'mawa ndi yophukira.

Mitundu yabwino ya nkhaka, malingana ndi malo olima

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi kusowa kwa nyengo yofunda yodzala nkhaka kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa dera, matenda omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha ndipo nthawi yaying'ono iyenera kusankhidwa.

Mukudziwa? Mzinda wa Suzdal pachaka umachita chikondwerero Tsiku la Nkhaka Zadziko Lonse.

Kumalo otseguka

"Virus 505". Kalasi yosakanikirana, yolimbana ndi kutentha kwa nyengo yochepa. Zelenets ndi oblong oval, yobiriwira wakuda ndi yopanda kuwala. Amakula mpaka masentimita 10-12 mpaka mamita atatu mpaka masentimita asanu ndi awiri m'mimba mwake. m konzekera mpaka makilogalamu 4 a nkhaka. Fruiting imapezeka masiku 50 mutabzala.

Mitundu yochuluka ya nkhaka imaphatikizapo zotsatirazi: "Crispina F1", "Colonel weniweni", "Spring", "Hector F1", "Courage", "Masha f1".

Zotsatira:

• matenda osagwira;
• kukula mofulumira;
• zonse zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

"Farm Farm". Zotchuka kwambiri chifukwa chakuti mbewu ingakololedwe mwachangu. Zotsatira za zipatso 55-60 masiku mutabzala. Zipatso zimakhala zazikulu, zolemera 120-160 g. Mtundu uli wosagwirizana, mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira umakhala wobiriwira. Zotsatira:

• bwino kupumula;
• zosiyana siyana;
• yogwira ntchito yosungirako.

"Vyaznikovsky 37". Oyambirira kucha kucha kalasi 40 patapita masiku atamatuluka. Kupereka kumapereka otsika - 2.6-3.2 makilogalamu pa 1 lalikulu. M mamita 130. Zelenets imakula pafupifupi mamita 10-14 masentimita. Ili ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, womwe uli ndi ziphuphu zochepa. Zotsatira:

• yoyenera kubzala pamalo otseguka ndi otseka;
• abwino;
• kusagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa kutentha.

Mukudziwa? Otsogolera padziko lonse kupanga nkhaka ndi Chitchaina. Mu 2014, iwo anapanga matani 56.8 miliyoni. Kachiwiri ndi Russia - matani 1.8 miliyoni. Amatsegula asanu apamwamba Ukraine - matani 940,000.

Pansi pa chophimba

Petersburg Express F1. Zosakanikirana, zosagwedeza chisanu, zowonongeka kwambiri (mpaka 12.5 makilogalamu pa 1 sq. M). Kulemera kwa nkhaka ndi pafupifupi 82 g ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 12 ndi mamita atatu masentimita. Zokolola zitha kusonkhanitsidwa patapita masiku makumi anayi. Zotsatira:

• mitundu yosiyanasiyana;
• Kuteteza matenda (powdery mildew, bacteriosis, muzu zowola);
• zochepa;
• Masango onse ali ofanana kukula.

Wotsatsa:

• si oyenera kusamalira;
• Wakulira pokhapokha.

"Valdai F1". Mitundu yoyamba yowakanizidwa. Zipatso mu masiku 48-50 pambuyo kumera. Chomera chimodzi chimapatsa makilogalamu 4-5 makilogalamu. Nkhuka imodzi imalemera 90-100 g ndi kutalika kwa 10-11 masentimita. Zithunzi zobiriwira ndi mikwingwirima yoyera. Zotsatira:

• mitundu yosiyanasiyana imalumikizidwa ku pickling ndi pickling;
• matenda osagwira;
• yoyenera kubzala pamalo otseguka ndi pansi pa chivundikiro cha filimu;
• kusagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa kutentha.

Wotsatsa:

• Maluwa ndiwo makamaka mtundu wa akazi.

"Borovichok F1". Oyambirira, wosakanizidwa ndi njuchi. Kukolola kungatheke patatha masiku 43-48 mutatha kumera. Chomera chimodzi chimapatsa 4.0-5.5 makilogalamu zipatso. Kulemera kwa wobiriwira masamba ndi 80-100 g ndi kutalika kwa 10-12 masentimita.

Mukhoza kukula nkhaka osati kumunda, komanso pawindo, mu barolo, mu ndowa, mu matumba, pa khonde, mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Zotsatira:

• ntchito;
• matenda osagwira;
• popanda kuwawa;
• imakula pamalo otseguka komanso pansi pogona;
• amatha kubzala mbewu popanda poizoni.

F1 osaganizira. Sredneranny wosakanizidwa ndi mungu ndi njuchi. Mbewu ikhoza kukolola mu masiku 48-52 pambuyo pa kumera. Zelenets amalemera 80-105 G - M'litali - 8.5-11.5 masentimita. Tsabola ndi lobiriwira mdima wonyezimira wosakwanira. Kuchokera pa 1 square. mamita a nkhaka amasonkhanitsa makilogalamu 12 a zipatso. Zotsatira:

• kusunga khalidwe labwino, kuwonetsa;
• chithandizo;
• popanda kuwawa.

Wotsatsa:

• Angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha mawonekedwe atsopano;
• kalasiyo ndi yovuta kwambiri kuthirira ndi kuvala pamwamba.

Ndikofunikira! Mitundu yambiri ilibe zovuta, monga izo ziri zonyansa.

Mu wowonjezera kutentha

"Mirashka F1". Zosiyanasiyana zomwe sizikusowa pollination. Zipatso zimayamba kucha pambuyo pa masiku 35-40 pambuyo pa kumera. Nkhaka mbiya yoboola pakati, yowerengeka. Chilemera cha 90-110 g, kutalika - 10-12 masentimita. Mtundu wa khungu umasintha bwino kuchokera ku mdima wandiweyani mpaka kuwala kobiriwira. Kukoma ndi kokoma. Q1 M cucumber mabedi amapereka 10-12 makilogalamu zipatso. Zotsatira:

• popanda kuwawa;
• kalasi yopanda ulemu;
• matenda osagwira;
• zokolola zazikulu.

"Zokongola". Nyengo ya pakati-yosiyanasiyana ndi nthawi ya masiku 38-40 mutatha mbande. Amapereka zokolola za 5-7 makilogalamu pa 1 lalikulu. Zipatso zimamera kutalika mpaka 8-14 masentimita ndikulemera 120-150 g. Zili zobiriwira mumdima wobiriwira ndi mikwingwirima yowala ndi pamwamba. Zotsatira:

• wosasuntha ndi wopanda mkwiyo;
• Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi kutentha;
• chipatso sichitha chikasu;
• wodzichepetsa.

Wotsatsa:

• Chifukwa cha mawanga oyera amayang'ana osayenerera mu zofanana;
• amatha kuzimitsa pamene akusamba kapena kuwawa ngati amchere;
• ngati kamwana kadzala, khungu likhoza kukhala lovuta.

"Kuzya". Mitundu yambiri yofiira yofiira. Nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 40-42. Amapereka makilogalamu 7 kuchokera ku chomera. Zipatso zimamera kutalika mpaka 5-7 masentimita, masekeli 70-90 g. Khungu la nkhaka limaphimbidwa ndi timapepala tochepa. Zotsatira:

• abwino kwa zofanana;
• matenda osagwira;
• imakula pa nthaka iliyonse.

Nkhaka kumpoto chakumadzulo: malangizo othandiza

Kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino za mbeu zozizira m'madera ozizira, muyenera kudziwa zina za kubzala.

Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza mu kugwa kuti dziko lapansi liwamwe, ndipo kukoma kwa chipatso sikungowonongeka.

Nthaka. Nkhaka zimakonda dziko lopatsa thanzi. Kumpoto cha kumadzulo kwa Russia podzolic ndi peat-marsh dothi likugonjetsa. Mwa iwo, chodzala zomera popanda chisanafike feteleza n'kopanda phindu. Monga feteleza bwino manyowa ndi phulusa. Mukamabzala mu greenhouses, ndizofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yofiira.

Tikufika. Powatseguka pansi, mbande zingabzalidwe pokhapokha nthaka ikawomba 10-12 ° C. Mbeu zofesedwa kapena mbande zomwe zimafalikira zimawopa kwambiri usiku wa chisanu, kotero ndibwino kuti mumange nyumba ziwiri. Komanso, nkhaka sizimakonda kutentha kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuyendetsa mabedi nthawi.

Kuthirira. Iyenera kukhala yambiri ngati kulibe mvula kwa nthawi yaitali. Madzi kwenikweni ndi madzi ofunda (30 ° C).

Pezani momwe mukukhalira madzi nkhaka kumunda ndi wowonjezera kutentha.

Mulching. Ndikofunikira, pamene pogona atachotsedwa, kuti asungunuke mabedi. Mu mawonekedwe a mulch, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa, udzu wouma kapena udzu wouma. Pogona salola kuti chinyontho chizikhala mofulumira kuchokera m'nthaka. Sakani. M'pofunika kusankha chisanu chosagwira ndi wodzichepetsa sukulu.

Monga momwe mukuonera, ngakhale nyengo ya kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi yozizira, zimatheka kutheka nkhaka pano. Ndibwino kuti tichite zimenezi mu malo obiriwira komanso kuyang'ana mbewu. Ndiye pa tebulo lanu nthawi zonse adzakhala zipatso zokoma komanso zobiriwira.

Ndemanga