Blehnum ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri yosatha, imapanga tchire lokhalokha, ndipo nthawi zina imafanana ndi kanjedza kakang'ono. Wamaluwa amalikonda ndi mtundu wake wowala komanso kukula kwake. Chomera chachikulu chimatha kukongoletsa sill windo, munda yachisanu komanso bedi lamaluwa. Zachidziwikire, muyenera kuvomereza za zovuta za fleckham, koma izi sizingodzazidwe ndi kukula kwakuthengo.
Makhalidwe a botanical
Mitundu yambiri ya blhnum ndi ya banja la a Debryannikov. Wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amatcha chomera chokha ngati "mitengo yakuthengo." Fern iyi idafalikira m'malo otentha komanso otentha kuyambira kumadzulo kwa Europe kupita kummawa kwa Asia, komanso ku North America.
Tsinde lalifupi, lowala, lokhazikika ndi masamba owonda, nthawi zambiri limakwera pamwamba pa nthaka. Ndi muzu wosinthidwa. Pang'onopang'ono, tsinde limakhala lolimba ndikupeza mtundu wa bulauni. Kutalika kwa tsinde la munthu wamkulu kumafikira masentimita 50. Amadutsa mu mizu yopanda tanthauzo. Imafalikira mwachangu padziko lonse lapansi ndipo imathandizira pakupanga peat.
Masamba a Lechblum ndiwotalika, osanjidwa. Mtengo uliwonse wamtundu wa masamba owoneka bwino m'chilengedwe umakhala wamtali wa 1-1,5 mita. Mapangidwe ake, tsamba lofananira limafanana ndi kanjedza. Mtundu wa masamba ndi wowonekera bwino, wobiriwira. Fern Blechnum ali ndi mitundu iwiri ya masamba: wosabala komanso chonde. Kumbali yakumunsi kwa the imifwi (tsamba lachonde), mitsempha yofiirira imawoneka, momwe mumakhala ma spores. Ma Wii enieni ndi ochepa thupi ndipo nthawi zambiri amawongoleredwa m'mwamba. Zomera zosalala zimakhala ndi zofewa ndipo zimagwa.
Mitundu ya Blehnum
Musanagule blehnum, muyenera kusankha pazokongola kwambiri. Mitundu yotsatirayi ndiyoyenera kulima m'nyumba:
- Blechnum humpback kapena Blehnum gibbum. Mtundu umodzi wotchuka, pafupifupi theka la mita kutalika. Masamba adapakidwa utoto wonyezimira wowoneka bwino ndipo, popanda pafupifupi petioles, amakhala mwamphamvu pamtengo wachidule. Tizidutswa tamasamba tadzadadzulo, tokhala ngati lamba. Pansi, masamba ndi onse, amawongoledwa. Kutalika kwa waya ndi 50-60 cm.
Blechnum humpback kapena Blechnum gibbum - Blechnum waku Brazil. Chimakhala ndi masamba ofanana ndi mthunzi wa azitona wokulirapo. Chomera chimapanga chitsamba chokhazikika, koma chotsika. Masamba achichepere amayamba kupakidwa utoto wapinki ndi lalanje ndikupanga korona yaying'ono pakati pazomera. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokongola kwambiri.
Blechnum waku Brazil - Blehnum Moore. Kwawo kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi Australia. Ndi chitsamba chowumbika mpaka 30 cm kutalika. Mphukira zamtundu wobiriwira ndizobiriwira zakuda, ndipo petioles pafupifupi akuda mtundu. Mbali yakumtunda kwa masamba obiriwira ndi gloss, ndipo m'mbali mwake ndi pang'ono.
Blehnum Moore - Mtsinje wa Blechnum. Chomera chimakhala chitsamba chotalika mpaka 30cm, mpaka 40c. Kufikira masamba obiriwira amakhala ochulukirapo, nthawi zambiri.
Mtsinje wa Blechnum - Western Blechnum. Imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira mpaka 50 cm, okhala ndi ma lanceolate lobes komanso mtundu wobiriwira wakuda. M'lifupi mwake mwake mumafika masentimita 13. Mtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ochizira matenda a genitourinary system.
Western Blechnum - Blechnum Silver Lady. Chomera ndichosangalatsa mtundu wa siliva. Zogawana ndizopanda, zochepetsedwa. Fern mawonekedwe omwe amatuluka tchire ndi mainchesi mpaka 50 cm.
Blechnum Silver Lady - Cirrus marigold. Amapanga chitsamba chokulirapo, chopindika. Vayi khazikike, mpaka 15 cm. Kutha kumera kwambiri panthaka ndipo kumafunika kugawika kwakanthawi. Masamba osalala amawoneka pafupipafupi, ndipo chonde chimamera nthawi zambiri.
Cirrus Blechnum
Njira zolerera
Njira yosavuta kwambiri yoperekera kachilombo ka bothnum ndikugawa ma rhizomes. Ndondomeko ikuchitika ndi chomera chachikulu mchaka. Sungani fern mosamala ndikudula muzuwo pakati. Malowo amadulidwapo makala oswedwa ndipo nthawi yomweyo amawakhazikitsa munthaka. Kwa milungu ingapo, blhnum imazika mizu osasunthika mukukula, ndiye kuti mphukira zatsopano zimayamba kuwonekera.
Omwe ali ndi maluwa atha kuberekera mosavuta sphnum ndi spores. Pepala la achikulirepo limadulidwa ndipo spores imakutidwa mosamala ndi supuni papepala. Kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, chifukwa cha zinthuzi chimabzalidwa mu nazale yokonzekereratu (pallet yokhala ndi dothi). Dothi losakanikirana limakonzedwa ndipo limatetemera. Chidebe chaching'ono ndi dothi chiyenera kuyikidwa pansi. Ndikofunika kukhwimitsa nthaka nthawi zonse. Popewa kuti chinyontho chiserere mofulumira kwambiri, kuphimba chidebe ndi filimu kapena galasi. Malo ogona tsiku lililonse amachotsedwa kwa mphindi 15-30.
Pakumera (miyezi 1-3) ndibwino kuyikira nazale m'malo amdima. Mphukira zoyambirira zikaonekera, mbande zimafunika kudulilidwa kuti pakhale mtunda wa masentimita 2,5 Pakatha miyezi 1-1.5, mbewu zazing'ono zimasinthidwa kumalo osungirako miphika ndi peat osakaniza.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira blehnum kunyumba kumafuna luso, koma chifukwa chomera chokongola chotere, mutha kuyesetsa pang'ono. Debryanka amakonda nthawi yayitali masana, koma salola dzuwa mwachindunji. Malo osungidwa ndi dothi lonyowa ayenera kusankhidwa. Muyenera kuthirira fern pafupipafupi, kupewa kupukuta kwathunthu kwa mapere a dothi. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, koma osayima kwathunthu.
Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa chinyezi chowonjezereka, chifukwa chake miphika yozizira yomwe ili ndi mbewu imayenera kuchotsedwa kuti isamatenthedwe radiators. Mlingo wofunikira waminyewa ukhoza kutsimikiziridwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito matayala amadzi kapena kupachika nsalu yonyowa. Kumwaza masamba kungayambitse kuwonongeka.
Thirani ndikuchitika ndikofunikira, mwachitsanzo, ngati mizu idaphimba mbali yonse ya mphikawo. Njirayi imakonzedwa kumayambiriro kapena masika. Dothi limasankhidwa mopepuka, lokhala ndi ndale kapena ofooka. Kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu:
- 40% pepala;
- 20% peat;
- 20% humus;
- 20% ya mchenga wamtsinje.
Kuyambira Meyi mpaka pakati pa Okutobala, ndibwino kuti mudyetse blehnum ndi feteleza wa mchere kwa zinthu zopanda maluwa. Kudyetsa kumachitika pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse. Ngati fern ikuwoneka yathanzi, ndikofunika kuwonjezera theka lokhalo la feteleza, apo ayi mbewuyo imayamba kupweteka.
Kutentha kwambiri kwa blehnum ndi + 18 ... + 22 ° C. M'malo otentha, chomera chimayamba kuyanika ndikusiya kukula. Ndikofunika kupeza malo opanda phokoso a fern popanda kukonzekera.
Blechnum nthawi zambiri samadwala matenda kapena majeremusi. Mavuto onse osamalidwa amathanso kukhala okhudzana ndi kusamalira bwino chomera. Ngati mawanga a bulauni awoneka pamasamba, ali m'chipinda chotentha kwambiri.
Kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kukwezedwa pamwamba + 25 ° C. Masamba akatembenukira chikasu ndipo fernyo imamera pang'onopang'ono, ndiye kuti mpweya mchipindacho ndi wouma kwambiri. Kukongoletsa masamba kumatha kuchitika chifukwa chosowa feteleza.
Blehnum imawoneka bwino ngati chomera chodziimira payokha kapena gawo la maluwa. Ferns wobzala m'miphika yayikulu amatha kubzala nthawi yachilimwe mozungulira dziwe lochita kupanga, ndipo nthawi yozizira amatha kubzala mu chipinda kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, ma blhnum omwe ali pachithunzichi ndipo zenizeni adzakhala chokongoletsera choyenera.
